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Regulating crystallization and retarding oxidation in Sn-Pb perovskite via 1D cation engineering for high performance all-perovskite tandem solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 646-652页

作者： Ranran Liu Xin Zheng Zaiwei Wang Miaomiao Zeng Chunxiang Lan Shaomin Yang Shangzhi Li Awen Wang Min Li Jing Guo Xuefei Weng Yaoguang Rong Xiong Li Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life SciencesState Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology430070HubeiChina Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics(SINANO) Chinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123JiangsuChina School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina

All-perovskite tandem solar cells have the potential to surpass the theoretical efficiency limit of single junction solar cells by reducing thermalization ***,the challenges encompass the oxidation of Sn^(2+)to Sn^(4+)and uncontrolled crystallization kinetics in Sn-Pb perovskites,leading to nonradiative recombination and compositional heterogeneity to decrease photovoltaic efficiency and operational ***,we introduced an ionic liquid additive,1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (EMIMI) into Sn-Pb perovskite precursor to form low-dimensional Sn-rich/pure-Sn perovskites at grain boundaries,which mitigates oxidation of Sn^(2+)to Sn^(4+)and regulates the film-forming dynamics of Sn/Pb-based perovskite *** optimized single-junction Sn-Pb perovskite devices incorporating EMIMI achieved a high efficiency of 22.87%.Furthermore,combined with wide-bandgap perovskite sub-cells in tandem device,we demonstrate 2-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 28.34%,achieving improved operational stability.

关键词： All-perovskite tandem solar cells Sn-Pb perovskite 1D Regulated crystallization Antioxidation

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Thermal Balance-Based Evaluation Method for Safe Operating Areas and Its Degradation of IGBT Power Module

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IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics 2025年

作者： Han, Tongyao Luo, Yifei Liu, Binli Yuan, Hao Shi, Zenan Naval University of Engineering National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Energy China Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Wuhan430033 China State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) power module experience significant thermal stress during short-time overload conditions, and their electro-thermal characteristics exhibit strong nonlinearities. As a result, the two-dimensional safe operating area (SOA) provided in the datasheet is unable to meet the need of device reliability assessments. In this paper, we propose a quantitative assessment method based on the thermal balance principle to define the SOA for IGBTs and assess its degradation. A three-dimensional SOA that incorporates voltage, current, and junction temperature is established to prevent IGBT from thermal failures. The proposed SOA indicates that IGBT can operate safely at more than twice the rated current, and the junction temperature can exceed 448.15K(175° C) without thermal failures. This work provides theoretical support for IGBT application design and reliability assessment. According to the physical mechanisms associated with thermal failures of IGBT power module, a criterion to characterize the thermal instability of devices is established. Further, the net heat flux analysis model that integrates semiconductor physics with heat conduction theory is established, enabling the formulation of the three-dimensional SOA of IGBT. Moreover, the effects of the degradation of electro-thermal characteristics on the SOA throughout the long-term operation of the device is considered. In addition, an electro-thermal coupling model that simulates the electro-thermal characteristics of the device is established. The results from both simulation and experiment demonstrate that the established SOA and its degradation effectively predict the reliability of the IGBT under short-time overload conditions. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT)

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Iron-doping regulated light absorption and active sites in LiTaO_(3)single crystal for photocatalytic nitrogen reduction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第3期36卷 206-211页

作者： Zhenfei Tang Yunwu Zhang Zhiyuan Yang Haifeng Yuan Tong Wu Yue Li Guixiang Zhang Xingzhi Wang Bin Chang Dehui Sun Hong Liu Lili Zhao Weijia Zhou Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of JinanJi’nan 250022China State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJi’nan 250100China Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology Ji’nan 250101China

In contrast to research on active sites in nanomaterials,lithium tantalate single crystals,known for their exceptional optical properties and long-range ordered lattice structure,present a promising avenue for in-depth exploration of photocatalytic reaction systems with fewer constraints imposed by surface ***,the isotropy of a specific facet provides a perfect support for studying heteroatom ***,this work delves into the intrinsic catalytic sites for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation in iron-doped lithium tantalate single *** presence of iron not only modifies the electronic structure of lithium tantalate,improving its light absorption capacity,but also functions as an active site for the nitrogen adsorption and *** photocatalytic ammonia production rate of the iron-doped lithium tantalate in pure water is maximum 26.95μg cm^(−2)h^(−1),which is three times higher than that of undoped lithium *** combination of first-principles simulations with in situ characterizations confirms that iron doping promotes the rate-determining step and changes the pathway of hydrogenation to associative *** study provides a new perspective on in-depth investigation of intrinsic catalytic active sites in photocatalysis and other catalytic processes.

关键词： Nitrogen reduction Photocatalysis Fe doping Single crystal Lithium tantalate crystal

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Deciphering Water Oxidation Catalysts:The Dominant Role of Surface Chemistry over Reconstruction Degree in Activity Promotion

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 340-354页

作者： Li An Jianyi Li Yuanmiao Sun Jiamin Zhu Justin Zhu Yeow Seow Hong Zhang Nan Zhang Pinxian Xi Zhichuan J.Xu Chun‑Hua Yan State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceFrontiers Science Center for Rare IsotopesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering Institute of Technology for Carbon NeutralityShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices National Center for International Research On Photoelectric and Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials and EnergyElectron Microscopy CenterYunnan UniversityKunming 650091People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare EarthsBaotou 014030People’s Republic of China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and ApplicationsPKU‑HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic ChemistryPeking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China

Water splitting hinges crucially on the availability of electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution *** surface reconstruction has been widely observed in perovskite catalysts,and the reconstruction degree has been often correlated with the activity ***,a systematic study on the roles of Fe substitution in activation of perovskite LaNiO_(3)is *** substituting Fe content influences both current change tendency and surface reconstruction ***_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(3)is found exhibiting a volcano-peak intrinsic activity in both pristine and reconstructed among all substituted perovskites in the LaNi_(1-x)Fe_(x)O_(3)(x=0.00,0.10,0.25,0.50,0.75,1.00)*** reconstructed LaNi_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(3)shows a higher intrinsic activity than most reported NiFe-based ***,density functional theory calculations reveal that Fe substitution can lower the O 2p level,which thus stabilize lattice oxygen in LaNi0.9Fe0.1O3 and ensure its long-term ***,it is vital interesting that activity of the reconstructed catalysts relied more on the surface chemistry rather than the reconstruction *** effect of Fe on the degree of surface reconstruction of the perovskite is decoupled from that on its activity enhancement after surface *** finding showcases the importance to customize the surface chemistry of reconstructed catalysts for water oxidation.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Perovskite oxides Doping Activation and reconstruction

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Study on Synergistic Extraction of Iron from Carbide Slag and Nickel Slag

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Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy 2025年 1-10页

作者： Yang, Lushun Li, Bin Du, Xueyan Han, Mengyao School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou730050 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou730050 China

Iron recovery from nickel slag, a significant byproduct generated during nickel pyrometallurgical process, represents a pivotal aspect of advancing sustainable utilization of metallurgical solid waste. This study explores the potential of utilizing carbide slag as a fluxing modifier to enhance iron extraction from nickel slag through the melting oxidation process. Thermodynamic simulations were conducted with FactSage software to predict phase equilibria and reaction pathway, while experimental analyses were performed to investigate phase composition, microstructural morphologies, and iron recovery efficiencies. The results indicate that in the FeO–SiO2–CaO–MgO slag system, predominant magnetite emerges as the primary iron-bearing phase in the spinel region. Increasing the slag’s basicity shifts the corresponding phase area of spinel increases first and then decreases. Thermodynamic predictions and experimental data corroborate that the addition of carbide slag facilitates the transformation of the fayalite phase into magnetite and pyroxene phases. Optimal basicity levels enhance the precipitation and crystal growth of magnetite, as well as promote the separation of iron from the slag matrix. Specifically, at a basicity of 0.5, the oxidized samples displayed the highest magnetite precipitation, with a recovery rate of 93.2%. Detailed microstructural analysis revealed the formation of well-defined dendritic magnetite crystals. These findings suggest that the introduction of carbide slag not only optimizes the phase transformation processes but also significantly enhances iron recovery, offering a viable pathway for the synergistic reutilization of nickel and calcium carbide slags. © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2025.

关键词： Magnetite

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MIDC system voltage support capability evaluation index with renewable energy sources

MIDC system voltage support capability evaluation index with...

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2024 International Conference on Energy technology and Electrical Power, ETEP 2024

作者： Huang, Qiyuan Wu, Jinbo State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co. Ltd. Power Research Institute China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510690400

Renewable energy sources (RES) connected to the receiving end of the multi-infeed HVDC (MIDC) system will affect the node voltage support capability, which in turn affects the voltage stability of the power grid. To reasonably evaluate the voltage support capability of RES integrated MIDC systems, firstly, the structural characteristics of the MIDC system and the amplitude and phase characteristics of different types of RES are analyzed. Secondly, based on the traditional short circuit ratio index combined with the RES amplitude and phase characteristics, the multi-infeed transient short circuit ratio (MITSCR) is defined, and the method of analyzing the voltage support capability of MIDC system is proposed. Finally, time-domain simulation analysis is carried out using PSACD/EMTDC, and the results show that the MITSCR can effectively characterize the node voltage support capability. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： MIDC system renewable energy sources short circuit ratio voltage support ability

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Advancing antibiotic detection and degradation:recent innovations in graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))applications

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第4期150卷 657-675页

作者： Rui Liu Chaojun Zhang Rijia Liu Yuan Sun Binqiao Ren Yuhang Tong Yu Tao Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology Harbin University of CommerceHarbin 150076China Institute of Advanced Technology Heilongjiang Academy of SciencesHarbin 150080China School of Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Materials Science and Physical Chemistry Department University of BarcelonaBarcelona 08028Spain State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Civil&Environmental EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology ShenzhenShenzhen 518055China

The uncontrolled release of antibiotics into the environment would be extremely harmful to human health and ***,it is in urgent need to monitor the environment and promote the detection and degradation of antibiotics to the relatively harmless by-products to a feasible *** carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))is a non-metallic n-type semiconductor that can be used for the antibiotic detection and degradation due to its easy synthesis process,excellent chemical stability and unique optical ***,the utilization of visible light,electron-hole recombination and electron conductivity have hindered its potential applications in the fields of photocatalytic degradation and electrochemical *** previous publications have highlighted the diverse modification methods for the g-C_(3)N_(4)-based materials,the underlying structure-performance relationships of g-C_(3)N_(4),especially for the detection and degradation of antibiotics,remains to be further *** view of this,the current review centered on the recent progress in the modification techniques of g-C_(3)N_(4),the detection and degradation of antibiotics using the g-C_(3)N_(4)-based materials,as well as the potential antibiotic degradation mechanisms of the g-C_(3)N_(4)-based ***,the underlying applications of the g-C_(3)N_(4)-based materials for antibiotic detection and degradation were also *** review would provide a valuable research foundation and the up-to-date information for the g-C_(3)N_(4)-based materials to combat antibiotic pollution in the environment.

关键词： g-C_(3)N_(4) Antibiotics Modification techniques Photocatalytic degradation Electrochemical detection

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state-of-art of in situ observations of inclusion agglomeration at steel/Ar and steel/slag interfaces:a review of recent development on experimental and theoretical studies

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第2期32卷 315-333页

作者： Yi Wang Jian-xun Fu Deepoo Kumar Qiang Wang Hong-liang Yang Wang-zhong Mu Center for Advanced Solidification Technology(CAST) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm 10044Sweden Engineering Materials Division of Materials ScienceDepartment of Engineering Science and MathematicsLuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleå 97187Sweden Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science IIT BombayPowaiMumbaiIndia Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina ABB Metallurgy Västerås 72136Sweden

Cleanliness control of advanced steels is of vital importance for quality control of the *** order to understand and control the inclusion removal during refining process in molten steel,its motion behaviors at the multiple steel/gas/slag interfaces have attracted the attention much of metallurgical *** recent development of the agglomeration of non-metallic inclusions at the steel/Ar and steel/slag interfaces has been summarized,and both the experimental as well as theoretical works have been *** terms of in situ observation of high-temperature interfacial phenomena in the molten steel,researchers utilized high-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy to observe the movement of more types of inclusions at the interface,i.e.,the investigated inclusion is no longer limited to Al_(2)O_(3)-based inclusions but moves forward to rare earth oxides,MgO-based oxides,*** terms of theoretical models,especially the model of inclusions at the steel/slag interface,the recent development has overcome the limitations of the assumptions of Kralchevsky-Paunov model and verified the possible errors caused by the model assumptions by combining the water model and the physical *** but not least,the future work in this topic has been suggested,which could be in combination of thermal physical properties of steels and slag,as well as utilize the artificial intelligence-based methodology to implement a comprehensive inclusion motion behaviors during a comprehensive metallurgical process.

关键词： Inclusion movement Steel/Ar interface Steel/slag interface In situ observation

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Inherent Switching Reallocated CPS-PWM with Improved Voltage Balancing for MMC

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IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 2025年

作者： Peng, Li Ying, Yuxuan Wang, Zhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan430074 China

Modular multilevel converter is an attractive solution in medium or high voltage applications, and voltage balancing is one of the most significant technical problems especially for CPS-PWM based MMCs. To solve this problem, in this paper, an inherent switching reallocated CPS-PWM is proposed for MMC. Based on arm current directions, switching states of sub-modules (SMs), voltage sorting and carrier sorting results, proposed method divides SMs and carriers into inserting and bypassing groups for each, enabling switching reallocation within these four co-optimized groups to inherently balance capacitor voltages. This effectively prevents additional switchings. Besides, most computations of the proposed CPS-PWM are logical operations implemented in FPGA, so proposed method can achieve reallocation frequency equal to sampling frequency. Unlike other CPS-PWM based methods for voltage balancing, the inherent switching reallocated CPS-PWM not only has superior converge speed in dynamic processes which accommodate a wide power range, but also has excellent balancing accuracy especially considering capacitance differences. Owing to appropriate reallocation principles, the proposed CPS-PWM has lower switching loss compared to existing carrier reallocation methods. Finally, the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method are validated by simulation and experiment results. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Compressed sensing

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An Injection Circuit Coupling Low-DC Voltage Impedance Matching System with Flexible Resonance Points for Square-Wave Voltage Power Amplifier in EM Exploration

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IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 2025年第8期40卷 11032-11050页

作者： Pang, Ying Zhu, Yongji Ji, Yanju Li, Gang Xiang, Zeng Gong, Cheng Han, Rong Tian, Wei Guo, Qun Wong, Man-Chung Lin, Jun State Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Exploration and Imaging College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering Jilin University Chаngсhun China College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering Jilin University Changchun China Tongda Electromagnetic Energy Company Ltd. Changsha China State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI University of Macau Macao China Institute of Microelectronics University of Macau Macao China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau Macao China School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science Dalian University of Technology Dalian China School of Electrical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China College of Marine Electrical Engineering Dalian Maritime University Dalian China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City University of Macau Macao China

This paper focuses on reactive power compensation and impedance matching of square-wave voltages. Square-wave voltage is the operating voltage in electromagnetic method (EM) exploration. The characteristics of a square-wave voltage are very different from those of a sinusoidal voltage in the power grid. Although some papers proposed impedance matching converters for square-wave voltages, they solved the high DC voltage requirement problem. The problem is caused by square-wave voltage having multiple and variable spectral components. An impedance-matching converter with an injection circuit (IMFR) for square-wave voltage is proposed. IMFR is composed of a thyristor-controlled inductor and capacitor (TCLC) part and injection circuit coupling active Hbridge part. TCLC can be controlled to resonate at the highest energy fundamental frequency for damping the largest part of the DC voltage requirement. The use of TCLC offsets the varying fundamental frequency demand on the DC voltage. First, this paper gives a joint design and optimization approach for the lowest DC voltage requirement. Second, a synergistic control method of proposed IMFR is provided implementing IMFR. Third, two groups of comparative experiments show the proposed IMFR can enlarge the current by 11.8% – 38.5%. The effect on the current increase is 4.4% – 7.9% higher than using only the H-bridge of the previous method when they are operated with the same DC voltage. ©1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Natural frequencies

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