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GaAs Solar Cells: Doubling the Power Output of Bifacial Thin‐Film GaAs Solar Cells by Embedding Them in Luminescent Waveguides (Adv. Energy Mater. 8/2013)

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Advanced Energy Materials 2013年第8期3卷

作者： Xing Sheng Ling Shen Taehwan Kim Lanfang Li Xinran Wang Ryan Dowdy Paul Froeter Kazuki Shigeta Xiuling Li Ralph G. Nuzzo Noel C. Giebink John A. Rogers Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA SHU‐SolarE R&D Lab Department of Physics Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P.R. China Department of Electrical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA

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Learning Domain-Specific Feature Descriptors for Document Images

Learning Domain-Specific Feature Descriptors for Document Im...

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IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis systems, DAS

作者： Kandan Ramakrishnan Evgeniy Bart Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Intelligent Systems Laboratory Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Palo Alto CA USA

Many machine learning algorithms rely on feature descriptors to access information about image appearance. Using an appropriate descriptor is therefore crucial for the algorithm to succeed. Although domain- and task-specific feature descriptors may result in excellent performance, they currently have to be hand-crafted, a difficult and time-consuming process. In contrast, general-purpose descriptors (such as SIFT) are easy to apply and have proved successful for a variety of tasks, including classification, segmentation, and clustering. Unfortunately, most general-purpose feature descriptors are targeted at natural images and may perform poorly in document analysis tasks. In this paper, we propose a method for automatically learning feature descriptors tuned to a given image domain. The method works by first extracting the independent components of the images, and then building a descriptor by pooling these components over multiple overlapping regions. We test the proposed method on several document analysis tasks and several datasets, and show that it outperforms existing general-purpose feature descriptors.

关键词： Dictionaries Image edge detection Feature extraction Text analysis Visualization Optical character recognition software Detectors

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Tunable metamaterials based on ferrites and the applications

Tunable metamaterials based on ferrites and the applications

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International Workshop on Metamaterials

作者： Yongjun Huang Guangjun Wen Weiren Zhu School of Communication and Information Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (AxL) Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC Australia

The research of metamaterial is one of most important global activity that promises to change the lives in many different ways. Flexibly controlling the properties of metamaterials by tunable designs makes metamaterials more colorful and thus enables a family of new electromagnetic devices. In this paper, the use of ferrites on design of tunable metamaterials has been reviewed. Owing to the novel properties of ferrites, including broadband negative permeability and tunability of permeability, a great many researchers have focused on investigating ferrites based metamaterials and the relevant applications. This paper reviews the design, theoretical analysis, numerical and experimental demonstrations, and the potential applications of the ferrite based metamaterials.

关键词： Metamaterials Ferrites Wires Permeability Magnetic resonance Helium

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Attosecond photonics

Attosecond photonics

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IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC)

作者： Franz X. Kärtner Research Laboratory of Electronics Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Center for Free-Electron Laser Science DESY University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany

Mode-locked lasers show femtosecond and even attosecond level short term timing jitter. Such ultralow jitter sources enable novel systems. Timing distribution systems for next generation light sources and prototype hi... 详细信息

关键词： Ultrafast optics Photonics Optical pulses Laser mode locking Timing Timing jitter

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Coherent synthesis of ultra-broadband optical parametric amplifiers

Coherent synthesis of ultra-broadband optical parametric amp...

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High Intensity Lasers and High Field Phenomena, HILAS 2012

作者： Manzoni, C. Huang, S.W. Cirmi, G. Moses, J. Kärtner, F.X. Cerullo, G. IFN-CNR Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano Piazza L. Da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States Center for Free-Electron Laser Science DESY and University of Hamburg Notkestraße 85 D-22607Hamburg Germany

We report on coherent synthesis of two ultra-broadband optical parametric amplifiers, resulting in octave-spanning (500-1000 nm) spectra supporting nearly single-cycle sub-4-fs pulse duration. Synthesized pulse timing... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529398

关键词： Optical parametric amplifiers

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Coherent synthesis of ultra-broadband optical parametric amplifiers

Coherent synthesis of ultra-broadband optical parametric amp...

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Advanced Solid-State Photonics, ASSP 2012

作者： Manzonil, C. Huang, S.W. Cirmi, G. Moses, J. Kärtner, F.X. Cerullo, G. IFN-CNR Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano Piazza L. Da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States Center for Free-Electron Laser Science DESY and University of Hamburg Notkestraße 85 D-22607Hamburg Germany

关键词： Optical parametric amplifiers

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Joint spectral radius of rank one matrices and the maximum cycle mean problem

Joint spectral radius of rank one matrices and the maximum c...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Amir Ali Ahmadi Pablo A. Parrilo Krannert School of Management Purdue University USA Department of Business Analytics and Mathematical Sciences IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center USA Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology USA

We show that the problem of exact computation of the joint spectral radius of a finite set of rank one matrices can be reformulated as the problem of computing the maximum cycle mean in a directed graph and hence be s... 详细信息

关键词： Joints Switches Heuristic algorithms Approximation methods Linear systems Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Lyapunov methods

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Development of surrogate models for an aircraft synchronous generator 50

Development of surrogate models for an aircraft synchronous ...

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50th AIAA Aerospace sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition

作者： Zumberge, Jon Doty, John H. Wu, Thomas Bash, Michelle U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory Energy/Power/Thermal Division AFRL/RZPE Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433 United States Department of Engineering Management and Systems University of Dayton Dayton OH 45469 United States Department Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Central Florida Orlando FL 32816 United States PC Krause and Associates Inc. West Lafayette IN 47906 United States AFRL/RZPE 1950 Fifth St Bldg. 18 WPAFB OH 45433 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781600869365

A statistically-based process is under development for validation of computational simulations with experimental data. The focus of this investigation is the development of surrogate models for simulations of an electrical generator model. Several input design variables were selected as candidates for the response of power quality. Designed experiments and advanced statistical analyses were used to screen insignificant factors and develop several surrogate models. Several candidate designs for surrogate models were statistically analyzed for predictive power. Modern Design of Experiments was used to develop Central Composite Designs as well as 2nd-order and 3rd-order Optimal Response Surfaces and compare to standard engineering parametric designs. Sample sizes are statistically controlled for Type I and Type II risk for the Optimal Response Surface designs. Validations are performed for all the design surrogate models and it is determined that only the 3rd-order Optimal Response Surface surrogate accurately reflects the calibration data and predicts the validation data from the original model within acceptable precision and risk bounds.

关键词： Synchronous generators

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Predicting slice loss distortion in H.264/AVC video for low complexity data prioritization

Predicting slice loss distortion in H.264/AVC video for low ...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Seethal Paluri Kashyap K. R. Kambhatla Sunil Kumar Barbara Bailey Pamela Cosman John Matyjas Computational Science Research Center San Diego State University USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering San Diego State University USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics San Diego State University USA Air Force Research Laboratory Rome NY USA

We propose a low complexity Generalized Linear Model (GLM) for prioritizing slices during real-time H.264/AVC compressed video streaming. We train the GLM over a video database to predict the Cumulative Mean Square Error (CMSE) corresponding to individual slice losses by using a combination of efficient video parameters which can be easily extracted during the encoding of a frame. We prioritize the slices generated within a Group of Pictures (GOP) based on the predicted CMSE by using a Quartile Based Prioritization (QBP) scheme. For comparison, we also perform QBP on measured CMSE values from individual pre-encoded slice losses and analyze the priority misclassifications of the slices. We validate our model by applying Unequal Error Protection (UEP) using RCPC codes to the different prioritized bitstreams and evaluating their performance over noisy channels. Simulation results show that predicted CMSE schemes achieve PSNR performance close to that of the measured CMSE schemes for different slice sizes, video bitrates and over different channel SNRs.

关键词： Computational modeling Streaming media Loss measurement Predictive models Video coding AWGN channels Bit rate

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A framework for autonomous self-righting of a generic robot on sloped planar surfaces

A framework for autonomous self-righting of a generic robot ...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Chad C. Kessens Daniel C. Smith Philip R. Osteen United States Army Research Laboratory MD USA University of Maryland College Park MD USA US Army Research Laboratory USA Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA

Increasingly, robots are being applied to challenges in dynamic, unstructured environments including urban search and rescue (USAR), planetary exploration, and military missions. During the execution of these missions, the robot may unintentionally tip over, rendering it unable to move normally. The ability to self-right and recover in such situations is crucial to mission completion and safe robot recovery. However, to date, nearly all self-righting solutions have been point solutions, each designed for a specific platform. As a first step toward a generic solution, this paper presents a framework for analyzing the self-righting capabilities of any generic robot on sloped planar surfaces. Based on the planar assumption, interactions with the ground can be defined entirely in terms of the robot's convex hull. Motion of arms, legs, or other appendages may change the convex hull shape and/or center of mass position, affecting the robot's orientation. Our framework for solving this problem can be summarized as follows: first, for each stable conformation, we analyze the position of the center of mass relative to the vertical projection of the convex hull face in contact with the ground. From this, we develop a conformation space map, defining stable state sets as nodes and the conformations where discontinuous state changes occur as transitions. Finally, we convert this map into a directed graph, and assign costs to the transitions according to changes in potential energy between states. Based upon the ability to traverse this directed graph to the goal state, one can analyze a robot's ability to self-right. To illustrate each step in our framework, we use a simple two-dimensional robot with a one degree of freedom arm, and then show a case study of iRobot's 510 Packbot®. Ultimately, we project that this framework will be useful both for designing robots with the ability to self-right and for planning joint movements to achieve efficient, autonomous self-righting behav

关键词： Joints Potential energy Educational robots Face Stability analysis Service robots

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