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10th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2022

作者： Chen, Yixuan Shi, Yubin Li, Dongsheng Wang, Yujiang Dong, Mingzhi Zhao, Yingying Dick, Robert Lv, Qin Yang, Fan Shang, Li China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China Microsoft Research Asia Shanghai China Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Michigan United States Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder Boulder United States School of Microelectronics Fudan University Shanghai China

Disentangled feature representation is essential for data-efficient learning. The feature space of deep models is inherently compositional. Existing β-VAE-based methods, which only apply disentanglement regularization to the resulting embedding space of deep models, cannot effectively regularize such compositional feature space, resulting in unsatisfactory disentangled results. In this paper, we formulate the compositional disentanglement learning problem from an information-theoretic perspective and propose a recursive disentanglement network (RecurD) that propagates regulatory inductive bias recursively across the compositional feature space during disentangled representation learning. Experimental studies demonstrate that RecurD outperforms β-VAE and several of its state-of-the-art variants on disentangled representation learning and enables more data-efficient downstream machine learning tasks. © 2022 ICLR 2022 - 10th International Conference on Learning Representationss. All rights reserved.

关键词： Information theory

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QUADFormer: Learning-based Detection of Cyber Attacks in Quadrotor UAVs

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Pengyu Yang, Zhaohua Yang, Nachuan Wang, Zikai Li, Jialu Zhang, Fan Wang, Chaoqun Wang, Jiankun Meng, Max Q.-H. Shi, Ling Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics Perception and Intelligence The Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong The School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Shandong China Jiaxing Research Institute Southern University of Science and Technology Jiaxing China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Alberta Canada

Safety-critical intelligent cyber-physical systems, such as quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), are vulnerable to different types of cyber attacks, and the absence of timely and accurate attack detection can lead to severe consequences. When UAVs are engaged in large outdoor maneuvering flights, their system constitutes highly nonlinear dynamics that include non-Gaussian noises. Therefore, the commonly employed traditional statistics-based and emerging learning-based attack detection methods do not yield satisfactory results. In response to the above challenges, we propose QUADFormer, a novel Quadrotor UAV Attack Detection framework with transFormer-based architecture. This framework includes a residue generator designed to generate a residue sequence sensitive to anomalies. Subsequently, this sequence is fed into a transformer structure with disparity in correlation to specifically learn its statistical characteristics for the purpose of classification and attack detection. Finally, we design an alert module to ensure the safe execution of tasks by UAVs under attack conditions. We conduct extensive simulations and real-world experiments, and the results show that our method has achieved superior detection performance compared with many state-of-the-art methods. (Video1) Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antennas

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Hundredfold increase of stimulated Brillouin-scattering bandwidth in whispering-gallery mode resonators

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Photonics research 2023年第6期11卷 917-924页

作者： GUOPING LIN JINGYI TIAN TANG SUN QINGHAI SONG YANNE K.CHEMBO Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System School of ScienceHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems Shenzhen 518055China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering&Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics(IREAP) University of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA

Backward stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)is widely exploited for various applications in optics and *** typically features a narrow gain bandwidth of a few tens of megahertz in fluoride *** we report a hundredfold increase of SBS bandwidth in whispering-gallery mode *** crystalline orientation results in a large variation of the acoustic phase velocity upon propagation along the periphery,from which a broad Brillouin gain is *** 2.5 GHz wide Brillouin gain profile is theoretically found and experimentally *** phenomena with Brillouin shift frequencies ranging from 11.73 to 14.47 GHz in ultrahigh Q Z-cut magnesium fluoride cavities pumped at the telecommunication wavelength are ***,the Brillouin-Kerr comb in this device is *** 400 comb lines spanning across a spectral window of 120 nm are *** finding paves a new way for tailoring and harnessing the Brillouin gain in crystals.

关键词： scattering pumped Brillouin

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Single-and Multiuser Virtual Reality Training for Forklift Driving 2

Single-and Multiuser Virtual Reality Training for Forklift D...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Aspects of Virtual Reality, CVR 2023

作者： Froland, Tord Hettervik Ravyse, Werner Luimula, Mika Heldal, Ilona Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Chemistry and Biomedical Laboratory Sciences Department of Safety Bergen Norway School of ICT: Futuristic Interactive Technologies Research Group Turku University of Applied Sciences Turku Finland Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Department of Computer Science Electrical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Bergen Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9798350338638

Hands-on skills training is a constant requirement in a multitude of practical work settings and virtual reality (VR) is often found to be a valuable training opportunity to safely prepare students for their future work environments. One of the main benefits of utilizing VR-based training is providing high grades of presence and involvement. Although the user experiences of students are a key factor that impacts the use of a VR simulation, it becomes more challenging to decide whether single-or multi-user experiences should be planned and developed. This paper presents the results from a between-subjects case study comparing the user experiences of single-and multi-user VR training for forklift driving. Findings highlight the importance of considering various aspects of VR technology to design VR training environments for high user experiences, including the impact of age, group dynamics, and freedom of movement in the environment. The benefits and challenges of single-and multi-user VR training for high experiences and implications for utilizing serious games in VR-based training are discussed. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Virtual reality

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Influence of Defects on Enhancing Lithium Diffusivity in Crystalline Silicon Anodes for Fast Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zand, Ali Lashani Mani, Azam Jalali, Hossein Kookhaee, Maryam Habibi, Alireza Sanaee, Zeinab Mousavi-Khoshdel, Seyed Morteza School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran14395-515 Iran Department of Engineering Science College of Engineering University of Tehran Iran Industrial Electrochemistry Research Laboratory Faculty of Chemistry Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran*** Iran

The growing energy storage market requires safe and stable high-capacity cycling, silicon (Si) anodes are ideal for this purpose. Electrochemical reactions between Si anodes and lithium pose challenges due to the significant volumetric expansion during lithiation. Expansion material can cause cracks in the structure and result in disconnection from the current collector. Si anodes exhibit a variety array of phenomena, such as amorphization and crystallization upon full lithiation, with variations depending on crystal orientations. It is evident that Lithium ions (Li+) diffusion varies across different Si crystalline surfaces and arrangements. It is possible to improve ion mobility and reduce diffusion barriers through strategic design and the use of complementary materials. First principles simulations can provide fundamental insights into atomic interactions, offering a realistic atomistic representation of lithiation processes. Our simulations involve the step-by-step insertion of Li+ into Si orientations and Si with N vacancies. Atomic imaging of Si (110) doped with N vacancies reveals a more favorable behavior in ionic diffusion. Our results explain the ternary Si-Li-N electrode materials and the identification of optimal site disorders to maximize the rate of Li+ diffusion in crystalline Si anodes. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Remote entangling gates for spin qubits in quantum dots using a charge-sensitive superconducting coupler

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Physical Review Applied 2025年第4期23卷 044055-044055页

作者： Harry Hanlim Kang Ilan T. Rosen Max Hays Jeffrey A. Grover William D. Oliver Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA

We propose a method to realize microwave-activated cz gates between two remote spin qubits in quantum dots using a charge-sensitive superconducting coupler. The qubits are longitudinally coupled to the coupler, such that the transition frequency of the coupler depends on the logical qubit states; a capacitive network model using first-quantized charge operators is developed to illustrate this. Driving the coupler transition then implements a conditional phase shift on the qubits. Two pulsing schemes are investigated: a rapid, off-resonant pulse with constant amplitude, and a pulse with envelope engineering that incorporates dynamical decoupling to mitigate charge noise. We develop non-Markovian time-domain simulations to accurately model gate performance in the presence of 1/fβ charge noise. Simulation results indicate that a cz gate fidelity exceeding 90% is possible with realistic parameters and noise models.

关键词： Qubits

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Autonomous Multiple-Trolley Collection System with Nonholonomic Robots: Design, Control, and Implementation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xie, Peijia Xia, Bingyi Hu, Anjun Zhao, Ziqi Meng, Lingxiao Sun, Zhirui Gao, Xuheng Wang, Jiankun Meng, Max Q.-H. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics Perception and Intelligence Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China The Jiaxing Research Institute Southern University of Science and Technology Jiaxing China The Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Alberta Canada

The intricate and multi-stage task in dynamic public spaces like luggage trolley collection in airports presents both a promising opportunity and an ongoing challenge for automated service robots. Previous research has primarily focused on handling a single trolley or individual functional components, creating a gap in providing cost-effective and efficient solutions for practical scenarios. In this paper, we propose a mobile manipulation robot incorporated with an autonomy framework for the collection and transportation of multiple trolleys that can significantly enhance operational efficiency. We address the key challenges in the trolley collection problem through the novel design of the mechanical system and the vision-based control strategy. We design a lightweight manipulator and docking mechanism, optimized for the sequential stacking and transportation of multiple trolleys. Additionally, based on the Control Lyapunov Function and Control Barrier Function, we propose a novel vision-based control with the online Quadratic Programming which significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of the collection process. The practical application of our system is demonstrated in real-world scenarios, where it successfully executes multiple-trolley collection tasks. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quadratic programming

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Spray-coated electret materials with enhanced stability in a harsh environment for an MEMS energy harvesting device

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第1期7卷 151-159页

作者： Anxin Luo Yixin Xu Yulong Zhang Mi Zhang Xiaoqing Zhang Yan Lu Fei Wang School of Microelectronics Southern University of Science and Technology518055 ShenzhenChina State Key Laboratory of AMS-VLSI Institute of MicroelectronicsUniversity of Macao(UM)999078 MacaoChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering FSTUM999078 MacaoChina Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications Ministry of EducationSouthern University of Science and Technology518055 ShenzhenChina Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMAUSA College of New Materials and New Energies Shenzhen Technology University518118 ShenzhenChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University200092 ShanghaiChina

The charge stability of electret materials can directly affect the performance of electret-based devices such as electrostatic energy *** this paper,a spray-coating method is developed to deposit an electret layer with enhanced charge *** long-term stability of a spray-coated electret is investigated for 500 days and shows more stable performance than a spin-coated layer.A second-order linear model that includes both the surface charge and space charge is proposed to analyze the charge decay process of electrets in harsh environments at a high temperature(120°C)and high humidity(99%RH);this model provides better accuracy than the traditional deep-trap *** further verify the stability of the spray-coated electret,an electrostatic energy harvester is designed and fabricated with MEMS(micro-electromechanical systems)*** electret material can work as both the bonding interface and electret layer during fabrication.A maximum output power of 11.72μW is harvested from a vibrating source at an acceleration of 28.5 m/*** the energy harvester with the spray-coated electret is exposed to a harsh environment(100°C and 98%RH),an adequate amount of power can still be harvested even after 34 h and 48 h,respectively.

关键词： stability. stability electrostatic

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MN-Net: Speech Enhancement Network via Modeling the Noise

IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing

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IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing 2025年 33卷 1208-1219页

作者： Ying Hu Qin Yang Wenbing Wei Li Lin Liang He Zhijian Ou Wenzhong Yang School of Computer Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing Xinjiang University Urumqi China Xinjiang Institute of Electronics Research Shares Company Ltd. Urumqi China Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China Beijing National Research Center for information Science and Technology Department of Electronics Tsinghua University Beijing China

Currently, deep learning-based speech enhancement methods generally focus on target speech extraction while neglecting modeling the other sound sources in the mixture. These methods still can't distinguish the target speech from the interference well. In this paper, we present a monaural speech enhancement network via Modeling the Noise (MN-Net), which includes a shared Encoder and three separate Decoders for parallel modeling the magnitude and phase spectrogram of target speech, and the complex spectrogram of noise. Specifically, we propose a Multi-Branch Feature Extractor (MBFE) module to capture the richer contextual information in mixture, and a Spatial Reconstruction Unit (SRU) to remove the redundancy from extracted features. We compared our proposed MN-Net with 18 classical speech enhancement methods on the VoiceBank+DEMAND dataset, and with 9 ones on DNS-Challenge dataset for denoising task, and with 7 ones on the WHAMR! dataset for simultaneous denoising & de-reverberation task. Our proposed MBFE module was applied to two classical speech enhancement methods, DB-AIAT and CMGAN, replacing their DenseBlocks module. The results demonstrate that applying the MBFE module can boost their performances while keeping smaller model size. A series of visualization analysis intuitively verify that modeling the noise can enable the network to distinguish the target speech from noise and other interference more accurately.

关键词： Noise Feature extraction Spectrogram Speech enhancement Decoding Kernel Transformers Noise reduction Data mining Training

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BORPIC++: A Body-of-Revolution Particle-in-Cell Algorithm with Radial Perfectly Matched Layers and Dual Polarizations

BORPIC++: A Body-of-Revolution Particle-in-Cell Algorithm wi...

引用

USNC-URSI Radio science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)

作者： Dong-Yeop Na Fernando L. Teixeira Yuri A. Omelchenko Hongbin Kim Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang Gyeongsangbuk-do South Korea ElectroScience Laboratory and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA Trinum Research Inc. San Diego CA USA

ISBN: (数字)9789463968119

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359497

Plasma turbulence, arising from nonlinear interactions in charged plasma, occurs in various environments such as astrophysical and ionospheric plasmas. Extreme space weather events pose risks to space assets, especially regarding radiation belt flux enhancements affecting satellites. “Radiation belt remediation” schemes, including heavy ion beam injection, aim to scatter energetic electrons. 3D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations model these interactions, but their computational demands are significant. To address this, we propose an innovative axisymmetric full PIC unstructured mesh simulation model, particularly beneficial for plasmas with cylindrical symmetry, enabling higher resolution and longer simulations. A novel irregular-mesh-based electromagnetic particle-in-cell algorithm has been developed for fully kinetic plasma simulations involving in the body-of-revolution geometries. Leveraging the cylindrical symmetry, we utilize a field rescaling and a coordinate mapping based on transformation optics to convert the original 3D Maxwell's equations in a cylindrical coordinate system into the equivalent 2D one in the meridian plane. We exploit the discrete exterior calculus for the consistent discretization of various Maxwell dynamical variables on irregular meshes. As a result, exact charge conservation is attained on a discrete mesh from first principles. We model dual polarizations accounting for all possible motions of charged particles. A cylindrical perfectly matched layer is implemented in the radial direction to enable the simulation of open space problems while avoiding spurious interactions between reflected waves and charged particles can be avoided. As a numerical application of the BORPIC++ algorithm, we simulate the the ion beam deflection caused by a magnetic dipole positioned on an insulating plate. This simulation corresponds to small-scale laboratory experiments mimicking lunar magnetic anomalies caused by interactions with the solar wind. Specifi

关键词： Solid modeling Magnetic flux Three-dimensional displays Ionizing radiation Computational modeling Space radiation Mathematical models

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