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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ye, Yufeng Kline, Jeremy B. Chen, Sean O'Brien, Kevin P. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Fast, high-fidelity, and quantum nondemolition (QND) qubit readout is an essential element of quantum information processing. For superconducting qubits, state-of-the-art readout is based on a dispersive cross-Kerr coupling between a qubit and its readout resonator. The resulting readout can be high-fidelity and QND, but readout times are currently limited to the order of 50 ns due to the dispersive cross-Kerr of magnitude 10 MHz. Here, we present a new readout scheme that uses the quarton coupler to facilitate a large (greater than 250 MHz) cross-Kerr between a transmon qubit and its readout resonator. Full master equation simulations show a 5 ns readout time with greater than 99% readout and QND fidelity. Unlike state-of-the-art dispersive readout, the proposed "quartonic readout" scheme relies on a transmon with linearized transitions as the readout resonator. Such operational points are found from a detailed theoretical treatment and parameter study of the coupled system. The quartonic readout circuit is also experimentally feasible and preserves the coherence properties of the qubit. Our work reveals a new path for order-of-magnitude improvements of superconducting qubit readout by engineering nonlinear light-matter couplings in parameter regimes unreachable by existing designs. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

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eVision: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Seasonal Trend Forecasting

eVision: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Seasonal Trend Fo...

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Biomedical engineering International Conference (BMEiCON)

作者： Divya Syal Juan Zuluaga Navid Shaghaghi Department of Computer Science & Engineering (CSEN) and Information Systems & Analytics (ISA) Ethical Pragmatic and Intelligent Computing (EPIC) Research Laboratory Santa Clara University (SCU) Santa Clara California USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331505431

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505448

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a flu-like illness annually responsible for 100K-160K hospitalizations and 6K-10K deaths in adults above the age of 65 as well as 58K-80K hospitalizations and 100–300 deaths in children under 5 years of age in the United States. A live prediction of the rate of growth of RSV cases during the RSV season can empower healthcare organizations to best prepare for RSV peaks and ultimately reduce the RSV mortality rate without over-budgeting, be it pharmaceutical companies producing too many perishable testing kits, vaccines and medications or hospitals keeping too many beds and staffing in reserve and thus away from other needed patients. This study adds a new RSV forecasting model to eVision, the collection of disease-forecasting Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks, developed by Santa Clara University's EPIC (Ethical, Pragmatic, and Intelligent Computing) research lab. This model leverages data from the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Google Trends between 2021–2024 to predict the trend of RSV cases through the typical RSV season and beyond in the United States. Given the lack of extensive RSV data - which has only been collected by the CDC on a national level since 2021 - and how easily RSV is mistaken for other diseases, this model has a limitation on the number of weeks ahead in which its prediction can maintain a high accuracy for. This model successfully predicts percent positive RSV Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests with 94.45 % forecasting accuracy three weeks in advance at the national level, for the 2023–2024 RSV season.

关键词： Accuracy computer viruses Computational modeling Biological system modeling Buildings Predictive models Market research Data models Forecasting Long short term memory

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Controllable multi-level switching of optical phase change materials via microheater temperature profile engineering

Controllable multi-level switching of optical phase change m...

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2024 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Sun, Hongyi Lian, Chuanyu Vásquez-Aza, Francis Huang, Yi-Siou Vitale, Steven A. Takeuchi, Ichiro Hu, Juejun Youngblood, Nathan Pavlidis, Georges Ríos Ocampo, Carlos A. Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Connecticut StorrsCT06269 United States Advanced Materials and Microsystems Group MIT Lincoln Laboratory LexingtonMA02139 United States Quantum Materials Center Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering MIT CambridgeMA02139 United States Electrical & Computer Engineering Department The University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15213 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

We demonstrate doped-silicon-on-insulator microheaters with triangle-like temperature profiles. Such devices control the hotspot size and temperature and, thus, the area that undergoes amorphization or crystallization in optical phase-change materials, leading to controllable multilevel, nonvolatile response. © Optica Publishing Group 2024 © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Optical materials

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Digital Tavis-Cummings Simulation on Superconducting Quantum Hardware with Error Mitigation

Digital Tavis-Cummings Simulation on Superconducting Quantum...

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Optica Quantum 2.0 Conference and Exhibition, Quantum 2.0

作者： Marinelli, Brian Rubin, Alex H. Norman, Victoria A. Rizvi, Zainab Naik, Ravi Santiago, David I. Spitzer, Christopher Kreikebaum, John Mark Krstic-Marinkovic, Marina Siddiqi, Irfan Radulaski, Marina Quantum Nanoelectronics Laboratory Department of Physics University of California at Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California DavisCA95616 United States Department of Physics University of California DavisCA95616 United States Department of Computer Science University of California DavisCA95616 United States Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Institute for Theoretical Physics ETH Zurich Zurich8093 Switzerland

We explore digital quantum simulation of the dynamics of N emitters coupled to an optical cavity (Tavis-Cummings model) on superconducting quantum hardware and successfully mitigate errors using randomized compiling a... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171272

关键词： Cavity quantum electrodynamics Crystalline materials Defect center materials Photonic devices Quantum technology Two level systems

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Best Practices for a Handwritten Text Recognition System

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Retsinas, George Sfikas, Giorgos Gatos, Basilis Nikou, Christophoros School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Greece Computational Intelligence Laboratory Institute of Informatics and Telecommunications National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos" Greece Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Ioannina Greece Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering University of West Attica Greece

Handwritten text recognition has been developed rapidly in the recent years, following the rise of deep learning and its applications. Though deep learning methods provide notable boost in performance concerning text recognition, non-trivial deviation in performance can be detected even when small pre-processing or architectural/optimization elements are changed. This work follows a "best practice" rationale;highlight simple yet effective empirical practices that can further help training and provide well-performing handwritten text recognition systems. Specifically, we considered three basic aspects of a deep HTR system and we proposed simple yet effective solutions: 1) retain the aspect ratio of the images in the preprocessing step, 2) use max-pooling for converting the 3D feature map of CNN output into a sequence of features and 3) assist the training procedure via an additional CTC loss which acts as a shortcut on the max-pooled sequential features. Using these proposed simple modifications, one can attain close to state-of-the-art results, while considering a basic convolutional-recurrent (CNN+LSTM) architecture, for both IAM and RIMES datasets. Code is available at https://***/georgeretsi/HTR-best-practices/. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Convolution

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A Multi-Player Potential Game Approach for Sensor Network Localization with Noisy Measurements

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Gehui Chen, Guanpu Fidan, Baris Hong, Yiguang Qi, Hongsheng Parisini, Thomas Johansson, Karl H. The Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Beijing China The Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm100 44 Sweden The Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm100 44 Sweden The Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Shanghai201210 China Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Beijing China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom The Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Trieste34127 Italy

Sensor network localization (SNL) is a challenging problem due to its inherent non-convexity and the effects of noise in inter-node ranging measurements and anchor node position. We formulate a non-convex SNL problem as a multi-player non-convex potential game and investigate the existence and uniqueness of a Nash equilibrium (NE) in both the ideal setting without measurement noise and the practical setting with measurement noise. We first show that the NE exists and is unique in the noiseless case, and corresponds to the precise network localization. Then, we study the SNL for the case with errors affecting the anchor node position and the inter-node distance measurements. Specifically, we establish that in case these errors are sufficiently small, the NE exists and is unique. It is shown that the NE is an approximate solution to the SNL problem, and that the position errors can be quantified accordingly. Based on these findings, we apply the results to case studies involving only inter-node distance measurement errors and only anchor position information inaccuracies. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sensor nodes

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Formation of Quasi-Bound States in the Continuum in a Single Deformed Microcavity

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Shuai Wu, Bo-Han Huang, Jeffrey Zhang, Zheshen Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Bound states in the continuum (BIC) holds significant promise in manipulating electromagnetic fields and reducing losses in optical structures, leading to advancements in both fundamental research and practical applications. Despite their observation in various optical systems, the behavior of BIC in whispering-gallery-modes (WGMs) optical microcavities, essential components of photonic integrated chips, has yet to be thoroughly explored. In this study, we propose and experimentally identify a robust mechanism for generating quasi-BIC in a single deformed microcavity. By introducing boundary deformations, we construct stable unidirectional radiation channels as leaking continuum shared by different resonant modes and experimentally verify their external strong mode coupling. This results in drastically suppressed leaking loss of one originally long-lived resonance, manifested as more than a 3-fold enhancement of its quality (Q) factor, while the other short-lived resonance becomes more lossy, demonstrating the formation of Friedrich-Wintgen quasi-BICs as corroborated by both the theoretical model and the experimental data. This research will provide a practical approach to enhance the Q factor of optical microcavities, opening up potential applications in the area of deformed microcavities, nonlinear optics, quantum optics, and integrated photonics. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum optics

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Leveraging Group Secret Sharing Technology for FD-RAN: A Lightweight AKA Mechanism

Leveraging Group Secret Sharing Technology for FD-RAN: A Lig...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： Ning Wang Jiacheng Chen Jianbing Ni Liquan Chen Haibo Zhou School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China Department of Strategic and Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queen's University Kingston ON Canada School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350387414

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387421

With rapid advances in communication technology, a new access architecture of fully decoupled radio access network (FD-RAN) has been proposed. FD-RAN completely decouples the base station (BS) into uplink data base station (UBS), downlink data base station (DBS), and control base station (CBS). Different BSs handle the uplink and downlink data of the user plane, as well as control signaling, and facilitate communication needs through multi-BS cooperation. To ensure the security of multi-BS cooperation and user access, it becomes imperative to conduct key negotiations among multiple parties. However, as the number of simultaneously accessed BSs increases, the existing access security mechanism imposes excessive overhead in FD-RAN, compromising both access security and efficiency. Additionally, it becomes susceptible to distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks launched by potential attackers. This paper introduces a lightweight authentication and key agreement (AKA) protocol based on secret value ( $m_{i},\ n_{i}$ ) sharing technology to negotiate multi-BS group communication keys, which ensures access security in FD-RAN. By leveraging interpolation polynomial and multi-party key negotiation, the proposed protocol achieves efficient and cost-effective key negotiation on both the user and BS sides, which mitigates the risk of man-in-the-middle (MitM) and DDoS attacks. Security analysis and further evaluation show that the proposed scheme can resist various known attacks, and guarantee the computational and communication efficiency of key negotiation within the FD-RAN context.

关键词： Base stations Vehicular and wireless technologies Interpolation Protocols Resists Downlink Denial-of-service attack

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On Verifying Entropic Vectors with Distributions Generated by Neural Networks

On Verifying Entropic Vectors with Distributions Generated b...

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IEEE (first ITW conference of the year) Information Theory Workshop (ITW)

作者： Shuhao Zhang Nan Liu Wei Kang Haim Permuter School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beersheba Israel

ISBN: (数字)9798350348934

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348941

This paper proposes a novel algorithm to verify entropic vectors with probability mass functions parametrized and generated by neural networks. Given a target vector, we minimize the normalized distance by training a neural network, which reveals the entropic nature of the target, with the underlying distribution obtained accordingly. Empirical results demonstrate improved normalized distances and convergence performances compared with prior works. We also conduct optimizations of Ingleton score and Ingleton violation index, where a new lower bound of Ingleton violation index is obtained. An inner bound of the almost entropic region with four random variables is constructed with the proposed method, presenting the current best inner bound measured by the volume ratio.

关键词： Training Lower bound Volume measurement Current measurement Neural networks Vectors Random variables Indexes Optimization Information theory

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Controllable multi-level switching of optical phase change materials via microheater temperature profile engineering

Controllable multi-level switching of optical phase change m...

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CLEO: science and Innovations in CLEO 2024, CLEO: S and I 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

关键词： Amorphization

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