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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yao, Junteng Wu, Tuo Zhou, Liaoshi Jin, Ming Pan, Cunhua Elkashlan, Maged Adachi, Fumiyuki Karagiannidis, George K. Al-Dhahir, Naofal Yuen, Chau The Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University Ningbo315211 China The School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore The National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China The School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Tohoku University Sendai Japan The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki54124 Greece Lebanon Lebanon The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Dallas RichardsonTX75080 United States

In this paper, we analyze the role of fluid antenna systems (FAS) in multi-user systems with hardware impairments (HIs). Specifically, we investigate a scenario where a base station (BS) equipped with multiple fluid antennas communicates with multiple users (CUs), each equipped with a single fluid antenna. Our objective is to maximize the minimum communication rate among all users by jointly optimizing the BS's transmit beamforming, the positions of its transmit fluid antennas, and the positions of the CUs' receive fluid antennas. To address this non-convex problem, we propose a block coordinate descent (BCD) algorithm integrating semidefinite relaxation (SDR), rank-one constraint relaxation (SRCR), successive convex approximation (SCA), and majorization-minimization (MM). Simulation results demonstrate that FAS significantly enhances system performance and robustness, with notable gains when both the BS and CUs are equipped with fluid antennas. Even under low transmit power conditions, deploying FAS at the BS alone yields substantial performance gains. However, the effectiveness of FAS depends on the availability of sufficient movement space, as space constraints may limit its benefits compared to fixed antenna strategies. Our findings highlight the potential of FAS to mitigate HIs and enhance multi-user system performance, while emphasizing the need for practical deployment considerations. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Receiving antennas

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Two-dimensional materials for future information technology: status and prospects

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1-147页

作者： Hao QIU Zhihao YU Tiange ZHAO Qi ZHANG Mingsheng XU Peifeng LI Taotao LI Wenzhong BAO Yang CHAI Shula CHEN Yiqi CHEN Hui-Ming CHENG Daoxin DAI Zengfeng DI Zhuo DONG Xidong DUAN Yuhan FENG Yu FU Jingshu GUO Pengwen GUO Yue HAO Jun HE Xiao HE Jingyi HU Weida HU Zehua HU Xinyue HUANG Ziyang HUANG Ali IMRAN Ziqiang KONG Jia LI Qian LI Weisheng LI Lei LIAO Bilu LIU Can LIU Chunsen LIU Guanyu LIU Kaihui LIU Liwei LIU Sheng LIU Yuan LIU Donglin LU Likuan MA Feng MIAO Zhenhua NI Jing NING Anlian PAN Tian-Ling REN Haowen SHU Litao SUN Yue SUN Quanyang TAO Zi-Ao TIAN Dong WANG Hao WANG Haomin WANG Jialong WANG Junyong WANG Wenhui WANG Xingjun WANG Yeliang WANG Yuwei WANG Zhenyu WANG Yao WE... Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province College of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan University College of Integrated Circuits Zhejiang University Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Layered Materials for Value-Added ApplicationsTsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials ResearchTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZijingang CampusZhejiang University National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications i-LabSuzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO)Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation (Ministry of Education) Department of PhysicsRenmin University of China School of Integrated Circuits Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist)Tsinghua University School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing University The State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of GrapheneSchool of MicroelectronicsXidian University Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education School of Physics and TechnologyWuhan University School of Integrated Circuits Huazhong University of Science and Technology Center for Nanochemistry (CNC) Beijing Science and Engineering Center for NanocarbonsBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstruct

Over the past 70 years, the semiconductor industry has undergone transformative changes,largely driven by the miniaturization of devices and the integration of innovative structures and materials. Two-dimensional(2D) materials like transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs) and graphene are pivotal in overcoming the limitations of silicon-based technologies, offering innovative approaches in transistor design and functionality, enabling atomic-thin channel transistors and monolithic 3D integration. We review the important progress in the application of 2D materials in future information technology, focusing in particular on microelectronics and optoelectronics. We comprehensively summarize the key advancements across material production, characterization metrology, electronic devices, optoelectronic devices, and heterogeneous integration on silicon. A strategic roadmap and key challenges for the transition of 2D materials from basic research to industrial development are outlined. To facilitate such a transition, key technologies and tools dedicated to 2D materials must be developed to meet industrial standards, and the employment of AI in material growth, characterizations, and circuit design will be essential. It is time for academia to actively engage with industry to drive the next 10 years of 2D material research.

关键词： two-dimensional (2D) materials information technology production technology standardization of characterization microelectronic devices optoelectronic devices multi-functional integration

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Optimization of Microwave Resonant Cavity Flowmeter Design for High Temperature Fluid Sensing Applications

Optimization of Microwave Resonant Cavity Flowmeter Design f...

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IEEE International Conference on Electro-Information Technology

作者： Tianyang Fang Jafar Saniie Sasan Bakhtiari Alexander Heifetz Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ECASP Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL U.S.A. Nuclear Science and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL U.S.A.

This paper investigates optimization of parameters to enhance performance of a microwave resonant cavity transducer for high temperature fluid flow sensing in advanced reactors. The cylindrical microwave cavity flowmeter is a novel sensor that measures fluid flow velocity through deflection of the cavity wall due to dynamic fluid pressure. This sensor is designed to operate in harsh environments of a nuclear reactor because sensor material is resilient to high temperatures, ionizing radiation, and corrosion. Parameters that determine performance characteristics of the transducer include dimensions of the microwave cavity, cavity electromagnetic excitation method, and cavity material. We investigate transducer design through computer simulations, with the objective of maximizing cavity Q-factor.

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computer-Vision-Based Non-Contact Paste Concentration Measurement*

Computer-Vision-Based Non-Contact Paste Concentration Measur...

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Automation in Manufacturing, Transportation and Logistics (ICaMaL), International Conference on

作者： Tailin Liang Zhaolin Yuan State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Manufacturing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

ISBN: (数字)9798350378658

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378665

For monitoring the paste concentration, existing techniques, such as ultrasonic concentration meters and neutron meters, suffer from radiation hazards and low precision in high concentrations. This paper proposes a novel non-contact concentration measurement method based on deep learning. With the dataset collected by preparing the paste with different concentrations and taking photographs from the paste surface, a convolutional neural network is trained to extract the features from images and predict the concentration. The experiments indicate that the measurement accuracy is close to 88.79 % for the manual stirring paste dataset and 91.42 % for the automatic stirring paste dataset, which are sufficient in industrial applications. As a substitution of traditional concentration measurement instruments, the proposed vision-based concentration measurement method is non-contact and its accuracy is sufficient in industrial applications.

关键词： Meters Deep learning Accuracy Ultrasonic variables measurement Transportation Manuals Feature extraction Surface texture Convolutional neural networks Surface treatment

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Channel-Wise and Spatial Feature Recalibration Network for Nuclear Cataract Classification

Channel-Wise and Spatial Feature Recalibration Network for N...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2022

作者： Zhang, Xiaoqing Xu, Gelei Shen, Junyong Xiao, Zunjie Yan, Qiuyang Yuan, Jin Higashita, Risa Liu, Jiang Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shenzhen China Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Guangzhou China Tomey Corporation Japan Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China

ISBN: (数字)9781665485630

ISBN: (纸本)9781665485630

Nuclear cataract (NC) is a prior age-related disease for blindness and vision impairment globally. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) image is a new ophthalmology image, which can capture the lens nucleus region clearly compared with other ophthalmic images, e.g., slit lamp images. Clinical research has suggested that features e.g., mean from AS-OCT images have varying correlations with NC severity levels. However, existing convolutional neural network (CNN) based NC classification works have not incorporated the clinical features into the network design to improve the performance. To this end, we propose a novel channel-wise and spatial feature recalibration network (CSFR-Net) to predict NC severity levels automatically, which is built on a stack of channel-wise and spatial feature recalibration (CSFR) modules. In each CSFR module, we construct a channel-wise feature recalibration block and a spatial feature recalibration block to recalibrate intermediate feature maps dynamically. This feature recalibration strategy enables CSFR-Net to highlight feature representations and suppress unnecessary ones in a global-and-local manner. We conduct extensive experiments on a clinical AS-OCT image dataset and CIFAR benchmarks. The results show that our CSFR-Net achieves better performance than state-of-the-art methods with less model complexity. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Clinical research

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Software-Defined Ultrasonic Communication System using PPM-EMAT with High Transmission Rate

Software-Defined Ultrasonic Communication System using PPM-E...

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： Xin Huang Jafar Saniie Sasan Bakhtiari Alexander Heifetz Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ECASP Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL U.S.A Nuclear Science and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL U.S.A.

A novel approach to ultrasonic communication systems introduces a software-defined system that utilizes Periodic-permanent-magnet electromagnetic acoustic transducers (PPM-EMATs) as transmitters and receivers. Traditional systems had limitations in adaptability and flexibility. The software-defined system provides enhanced versatility, adaptability, and portability, allowing customization for diverse applications. The use of PPM-EMATs is explored for optimizing energy transfer through metal plate channels, generating shear horizontal waves. Experimental tests validate the efficiency of PPM-EMATs, showing successful communication at a 10-kbps bitrate using ASK modulation with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The research highlights the potential of PPM-EMAT technology in high-speed software-defined ultrasonic communication systems.

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Photoexcitation enhances carrier mobility at low temperatures in narrow-gap HgCdTe films

Photoexcitation enhances carrier mobility at low temperature...

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International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves

作者： Nils B. Refvik David N. Purschke Charles E. Jensen Wenwu Pan Howe R. J. Simpson Wen Lei Renjie Gu Jarek Antoszewski Gilberto A. Umana-Membreno Lorenzo Faraone Frank A. Hegmann Department of Physics University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory National Research Council of Canada University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering The University of Western Australia Perth Australia

ISBN: (数字)9798350370324

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370331

The characterization of carrier dynamics in mercury cadmium telluride (HgCdTe) thin films is essential for novel applications in long-wave infrared detection. Here, we conduct a novel study of ultrahigh carrier mobilities in narrow-gap HgCdTe films as measured by both terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) at equilibrium and time-resolved THz spectroscopy (TRTS) after ultrafast photoexcitation. The observed THz transmission through the photoexcited samples is accurately modelled by a three-layer thin-film formula. At low temperatures, the carrier mobility obtained by TRTS is significantly higher than that obtained by THz-TDS. We attribute this enhancement in the low-temperature photocarrier mobility to suppression of impurity scattering by photoexcited holes.

关键词： Temperature measurement Spectroscopy Semiconductor device measurement II-VI semiconductor materials Films Impurities Scattering Time-domain analysis Tellurium Cadmium compounds

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Technologies for Modulation of Visible Light and their Applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Park, Sanghyo Notaros, Milica Mohanty, Aseema Kim, Donggyu Notaros, Jelena Mouradian, Sara Department of Physics Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Tufts University MedfordMA02155 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States

Control over the amplitude, phase, and spatial distribution of visible-spectrum light underlies many technologies, but commercial solutions remain bulky, require high control power, and are often too slow. Active integrated photonics for visible light promises a solution, especially with recent materials and fabrication advances. In this review, we discuss three growing application spaces which rely on control of visible light: control and measurement of atomic quantum technologies, augmented-reality displays, and measurement and control of biological systems. We then review the commercial dynamic surfaces and bulk systems which currently provide visible-light modulation and the current state-of-the-art integrated solutions. Throughout the review we focus on speed, control power, size, optical bandwidth, and technological maturity when comparing technologies. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Light modulation

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Prediction of Heat Energy Release Rate for Ammonia Combustion in a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber: A Machine Learning Approach 15

Prediction of Heat Energy Release Rate for Ammonia Combustio...

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15th International Conference on Electronics, computers and Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2023

作者： Fang, Lijia Singh, Hardeep Ichiyanagi, Mitsuhisa Suzuki, Takashi Raboaca, Maria Simona Filote, Constantin Verma, Chaman Sophia University Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences Tokyo Japan University of Windsor Turbulence and Energy Laboratory Windsor Canada Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies Icsi Energy Department National Research and Development Ramnicu Valcea Romania Stefan Cel Mare University of Suceava Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Suceava Romania Eötvös Loránd University Faculty of Informatics Budapest Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9798350321388

Addressing global warming requires immediate and concerted action. Transitioning to non-conventional energy sources, such as solar and Aeolian power, reducing emissions from transportation and industry, and implementing sustainable land-use practices are crucial steps. Therefore, Ammonia attracts researchers when used as a fuel, and offers several potential benefits such as higher energy density. However, due to poor combustion speed of Ammonia offers slower energy release. To enhance the average flame velocity of Ammonia, the current investigation employed the exhaust gas expelled from the secondary chamber to compress the mixture within the primary chamber and facilitate its HCCI combustion. The main goal of research is the optimization on air-fuel ER to contribute to the development of more efficient and sustainable constant volume combustion. However, the time required for constructing physical prototypes and conducting experiments can be considerable, thus, to mitigate these challenges, the authors turned to machine learning tools as an alternative approach. In the proposed research, results were evaluated through Support Vector Regression. However, due to poor prediction accuracy, authors tried KNeighborsRegressor model for predicting and validating the results. Finally, it is revealed from the KNN model that data sets are highly accurate. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Ammonia

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Multi-Layer Perceptron Regression Model for Material Characterization in the Microwave Frequency Range with Cross-Dataset Validation

Multi-Layer Perceptron Regression Model for Material Charact...

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International Youth Conference on Radio Electronics, electrical and Power engineering (REEPE)

作者： Hanima Kannan C H Deepa Gupta Parul Mathur Dhanesh G Kurup Tilesh Sanjay Chaudhari Priyanka Mathur Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering RF and Wireless Systems Laboratory Amrita School of Engineering Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Bengaluru India Department of Chemical Engineering Creative and Advanced Research Based on Nanomaterials Laboratory Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad School of Engineering and Applied Science Bennett University Greater Noida U.P. India

ISBN: (数字)9798331531836

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531843

This paper presents a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) based regression model for characterizing materials at micrwave frequency range. A mathematical model and experimental setup of the Open-Ended Coaxial Probe (OECP) sensor interacting with the material under test (MUT) generate a cross-dataset to validate the MLP regression model, utilizing the frequency-dependent complex dielectric constant for material characterization. This paper utilizes the frequency-dependent response of the OECP sensor (scattering parameters) as input features for the MLP model, while the complex dielectric constant of the MUT serves as the output feature. The optimized MLP model has an $R^{2}$ of 99.991% and MSE of $6.65 \times 10^{-5}$ , with predictions closely aligning with literature values for standard loads such as distilled water, acetone, and ethanol, obtained using a commercially available dielectric assessment software kit. This cost-effective model enables precise dielectric property estimation, with future work extending to unknown materials, mixtures, and electrolyte solutions.

关键词： Power engineering Dielectric constant Predictive models Mathematical models Software Scattering parameters Probes Permittivity Standards Load modeling

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