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Domain decomposition based on the spectral element method for frequency-domain computational elastodynamics

science China Earth sciences 2021年第3期64卷 388-403页

作者： Linlin SHI Mingwei ZHUANG Yuanguo ZHOU Na LIU Qinghuo LIU Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics and Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Science and Detection Technology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China The Fifth Electronics Research Institute of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Guangzhou 510610China College of Communication and Information Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

We propose a domain decomposition method based on the spectral element method(DDM-SEM)for elastic wave computation in frequency *** combines the high accuracy of the spectral element method and the high degree of parallelism of a domain decomposition technique,which makes this method suitable for accurate and efficient simulations of large scale problems in *** the DDM-SEM,the original large-scale problem is divided into a number of well designed *** use the spectral element method independently for each subdomain,and the neighboring subdomains are connected by a frequency-domain version of Riemann transmission condition(RTC)for elastic *** the proposed method,we can employ the non-conforming meshes and different interpolation orders in different subdomains to maximize the *** separating the internal and boundary unknowns of each subdomain,an efficient and naturally parallelizable block LDU direct solver is developed to solve the final system *** experiments verify its accuracy and efficiency,and show that the proposed DDM-SEM can be a promising numerical tool for accurately and effectively solving large and multi-scale problems of elastic *** is potentially valuable for the frequency domain seismic inversion where multiple source illuminations are required.

关键词： Elastic waves Domain decomposition Spectral element method Frequency domain Numerical simulations

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Thick Film Interdigitated Electrode Graphite and Carbon Nanotube on Flexible Substrate for Hydrogen Gas Detection

Thick Film Interdigitated Electrode Graphite and Carbon Nano...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Sensors and Nanotechnology, SENNANO 2023

作者： Abu Bakar, Azlinda Nizar Hamidon, Mohd Yaacob, Mohd Hanif Paiman, Suriati Jaafar, Haslina Wan Jusoh, Wan Nursheila Universiti Putra Malaysia Funtional Device Laboratory Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Selangor Serdang Malaysia Universiti Putra Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer and Communication Systems Selangor Serdang Malaysia Universiti Putra Malaysia Faculty of Science Department of Physics Selangor Serdang Malaysia Universiti Putra Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronic Selangor Serdang Malaysia Universiti Kuala Lumpur Section of Aerospace Malaysians Institute of Aviation Technology Selangor Dengkil Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350333312

The comparison on the performance of interdigitated electrode (IDE) graphite and carbon nanotube (CNT) using titanium dioxide-multiwall carbon nanotube (TiO2-MWCNT) composite as sensing materials to detect hydrogen gas is presented in this research work. Screen printing technique has been selected to deposited IDE graphite and CNT conductive pastes as the electrode thick film on a flexible substrate, which is continued by firing at 120°C each. TiO2-MWCNT paste was printed as a sensing layer on top of IDE, followed by firing at 350°C. FESEM was used to characterize the morphological analysis of the IDE film. The operating temperature was varied at 27°C, 50°C and 100°C and concentration varied from 100-1000 ppm for gas hydrogen. The gas sensor demonstrated as n-type gas characteristics where the response of the gas sensor produced increased current from the results. The results purpose when the sensor was exposed to hydrogen gas. Therefore, the ability of IDE graphite and CNT as an electrode to harvest the electron from sensing materials were successfully proven. The IDE CNT showed better response compare to IDE graphite, but both electrodes were able to sense 100 - 1000 ppm at the operating temperature of 27°C, 50°C and 100°C. The optimal of operating temperature for IDE graphite is 50°C and IDE CNT is at room temperature for the hydrogen gas detections in this research work. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Thick films

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EpiTESTER: Testing Autonomous Vehicles with Epigenetic Algorithm and Attention Mechanism

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Lu, Chengjie Ali, Shaukat Yue, Tao The Department of Engineering Complex Software Systems Simula Research Laboratory Oslo0258 Norway Simula Research Laboratory Norway Oslo Metropolitan University Oslo0258 Norway The School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China

Testing autonomous vehicles (AVs) under various environmental scenarios that lead the vehicles to unsafe situations is known to be challenging. Given the infinite possible environmental scenarios, it is essential to find critical scenarios efficiently. To this end, we propose a novel testing method, named EpiTESTER, by taking inspiration from epigenetics, which enables species to adapt to sudden environmental changes. In particular, EpiTESTER adopts gene silencing as its epigenetic mechanism, which regulates gene expression to prevent the expression of a certain gene, and the probability of gene expression is dynamically computed as the environment changes. Given different data modalities (e.g., images, lidar point clouds) in the context of AV, EpiTESTER benefits from a multi-model fusion transformer to extract high-level feature representations from environmental factors and then calculates probabilities based on these features with the attention mechanism. To assess the cost-effectiveness of EpiTESTER, we compare it with a classical genetic algorithm (GA) (i.e., without any epigenetic mechanism implemented) and EpiTESTER with equal probability for each gene. We evaluate EpiTESTER with four initial environments from CARLA, an open-source simulator for autonomous driving research, and an end-to-end AV controller, Interfuser. Our results show that EpiTESTER achieved a promising performance in identifying critical scenarios compared to the baselines, showing that applying epigenetic mechanisms is a good option for solving practical problems. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles

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Generative Neural Net for Spatial Concept-to-Image

Generative Neural Net for Spatial Concept-to-Image

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Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR)

作者： Brendan Young Derek T. Anderson James M. Keller Fred Petry Chris J. Michael Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department University of Missouri Columbia MO USA U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Stennis Space Center MS USA

Numerous artificial intelligence (AI) approaches, such as generative AI (GAI), large language models (LLM) and text-to-image networks, necessitate spatial intelligence for effective operation. Yet, a prevailing ideology embedded in contemporary solutions is their inclination to strictly adhere to a data-driven approach when addressing spatial learning. This viewpoint leads to opaque solutions, aka "black boxes", and it presupposes that the intricacies of spatial reasoning will effortlessly surface as an inherent byproduct of extensive data exposure. This simplistic reliance on data overlooks the wealth of established psychology and mathematics governing spatial relations and their inherent uncertainties. In this article, we delve into neural networks and learning strategies for incorporating well-established spatial relations mathematics into an effective and explainable GAI. Specifically, we showcase how to translate abstract concepts, expressed as sets of spatial relations, into visual imagery. This resulting imagery can be immediately used or passed on as a spatial prior to a larger and more sophisticated GAI. We present two synthetic use cases wherein spatial concepts materialize as intricate arrangements of multi-part colored geometric primitives, undergoing a spectrum of diverse planar affine transformations. Our exploration is categorized into two dimensions: discerning spatial placements (aka the "where") and shape depiction (aka the "what"). Overall, we’ve noted a strength in our proposed neural networks in discerning spatial placements. However, while our nets also exhibit a competence in determining "what" to depict, we recognize the necessity for additional fine-tuning to achieving visual imagery consistent with state-of-the-art works like DALL-E and stable diffusion.

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Skin-like cryogel electronics from suppressed-freezing tuned polymer amorphization

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Nature Communications 2023年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Zhang, Xiansheng Yan, Hongwei Xu, Chongzhi Dong, Xia Wang, Yu Fu, Aiping Li, Hao Lee, Jin Yong Zhang, Sheng Ni, Jiahua Gao, Min Wang, Jing Yu, Jinpeng Ge, Shuzhi Sam Jin, Ming Liang Wang, Lili Xia, Yanzhi State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles College of Textiles and Clothing Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China Institute for Future Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology School of Automation Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Chemistry SungKyunKwan University Suwon 16419 South Korea State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China Institute of Environmental Engineering ETH Zürich Zürich 8093 Switzerland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore

The sole situation of semi-crystalline structure induced single performance remarkably limits the green cryogels in the application of soft devices due to uncontrolled freezing field. Here, a facile strategy for achieving multifunctionality of cryogels is proposed using total amorphization of polymer. Through precisely lowering the freezing point of precursor solutions with an antifreezing salt, the suppressed growth of ice is achieved, creating an unusually weak and homogenous aggregation of polymer chains upon freezing, thereby realizing the tunable amorphization of polymer and the coexistence of free and hydrogen bonding hydroxyl groups. Such multi-scale microstructures trigger the integrated properties of tissue-like ultrasoftness (Young’s modulus <10 kPa) yet stretchability, high transparency (~92%), self-adhesion, and instantaneous self-healing (<0.3 s) for cryogels, along with superior ionic-conductivity, antifreezing (−58 °C) and water-retention abilities, pushing the development of skin-like cryogel electronics. These concepts open an attractive branch for cryogels that adopt regulated crystallization behavior for on-demand functionalities. © 2023, Springer Nature Limited.

关键词： Gels and hydrogels Polymers

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ForgeEDA: A Comprehensive Multimodal Dataset for Advancing EDA

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Shi, Zhengyuan Li, Zeju Ma, Chengyu Zhou, Yunhao Zheng, Ziyang Liu, Jiawei Pan, Hongyang Zhou, Lingfeng Li, Kezhi Zhu, Jiaying Yan, Lingwei He, Zhiqiang Xue, Chenhao Jiang, Wentao Yang, Fan Sun, Guangyu Yang, Xiaoyan Chen, Gang Shi, Chuan Chu, Zhufei Yang, Jun Xu, Qiang Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Sha Tin Hong Kong Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University Ningbo China School of Computer Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China School of Microelectronics State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and System Fudan University Shanghai China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China School of Integrated Circuits Peking University Beijing China School of Intergrated Circuits Southeast University Nanjing China National Center of Technology Innovation for EDA Nanjing China

We introduce ForgeEDA, an open-source comprehensive circuit dataset across various categories. ForgeEDA includes diverse circuit representations such as Register Transfer Level (RTL) code, Post-mapping (PM) netlists, And-Inverter Graphs (AIGs), and placed netlists, enabling comprehensive analysis and development. We demonstrate ForgeEDA’s utility by benchmarking state-of-the-art EDA algorithms on critical tasks such as Power, Performance, and Area (PPA) optimization, highlighting its ability to expose performance gaps and drive advancements. Additionally, ForgeEDA’s scale and diversity facilitate the training of AI models for EDA tasks, demonstrating its potential to improve model performance and generalization. By addressing limitations in existing datasets, ForgeEDA aims to catalyze breakthroughs in modern IC design and support the next generation of innovations in EDA. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Open source software

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The development of microfabricated solenoids with magnetic cores for micromagnetic neural stimulation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第6期7卷 97-106页

作者： Adam Khalifa Mohsen Zaeimbashi Tony X.Zhou Seyed Mahdi Abrishami Neville Sun Seunghyun Park TamaraŠumarac Jason Qu Inbar Zohar Amir Yacoby Sydney Cash Nian X.Sun Department of Neurology Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA Department of Physics Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA Department of Chemical and Biological Physics Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael

electrical stimulation via invasive microelectrodes is commonly used to treat a wide range of neurological and psychiatric *** its remarkable success,the stimulation performance is not sustainable since the electrodes become encapsulated by gliosis due to foreign body *** stimulation overcomes these limitations by eliminating the need for a metal-electrode ***,we demonstrate a novel microfabricated solenoid inductor(80µm×40µm)with a magnetic core that can activate neuronal *** characterization and proof-of-concept of the device raise the possibility that micromagnetic stimulation solenoids that are small enough to be implanted within the brain may prove to be an effective alternative to existing electrode-based stimulation devices for chronic neural interfacing applications.

关键词： magnetic neural overcome

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Assessing Driving Risk Indicators from Large Driving Data Sets

Assessing Driving Risk Indicators from Large Driving Data Se...

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IEEE International Workshop on Medical Measurement and Applications (MEMEA)

作者： Bruce Wallace Philippe Masson Jonathan Ojangole Kathleen Van Benthem Chris M. Herdman Jocelyn Keillor Rafik Goubran Frank Knoefel Shawn Marshall Bruyère Research Institute SAM 3 Innovation Hub Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa Canada SAM Innovation Hub Computer Science Carleton University Department of Cognitive Science Carleton University Ottawa Canada Aerospace Research Centre National Research Council Canada Flight Research Laboratory Ottawa Canada Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Bruyère Research Institute SAM Innovation Hub Ottawa Canada Elisabeth Bruyère Hospital Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University SAM Innovation Hub Ottawa Hospital Carleton University Bruyère Research Institute Elisabeth-Bruyère Hospital

ISBN: (数字)9798350307993

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308006

Understanding the driving behaviours that lead to increased risk of collision for older drivers is a serious public safety challenge. Driving is important for older drivers to travel to activities that maintain an active independent lifestyle. research has shown that varying levels of night driving, velocity and driving exposure may be risk factors. However, there is limited knowledge of what levels are indicative of higher risk for older drivers, especially as compared to a group of similar age peers. Drivers with behaviours significantly above or below the typical norm age group may indicate higher risk. For example, while lower levels of night driving could indicate lowered night-time crash risk due to self-regulation associated with reduced confidence or visual issues, greater amounts of nighttime driving may show increased risk related to over confidence or a need to drive at night. The paper analyzes a large dataset of naturalistic driving data that includes 1 year of driving data for 19,800 drivers and proposes normative models for night driving, driving speed and driving exposure for 5-year age groups from the youngest drivers (age 16) through to drivers over the age of 95. The models provide measures of the average and variance for drivers in each age group. This addresses a gap in the literature due to previous limitations of the available data or study population. The proposed measures allow for driver risk to be identified that is associated with atypical behaviour that is higher or lower than the age group norm. Models are proposed for night driving, velocity and driving exposure that allow the driving by other drivers to now be analyzed to identify with increased risk such as those that are outliers (+/- >2 SD from mean) in comparison to their age group peers.

关键词： Analytical models Visualization Sociology Public security Data models Statistics Accidents

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Optimization of Microwave Resonant Cavity Flowmeter Design for High Temperature Fluid Sensing Applications

Optimization of Microwave Resonant Cavity Flowmeter Design f...

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IEEE International Conference on Electro-Information Technology

作者： Tianyang Fang Jafar Saniie Sasan Bakhtiari Alexander Heifetz Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ECASP Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL U.S.A. Nuclear Science and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL U.S.A.

This paper investigates optimization of parameters to enhance performance of a microwave resonant cavity transducer for high temperature fluid flow sensing in advanced reactors. The cylindrical microwave cavity flowmeter is a novel sensor that measures fluid flow velocity through deflection of the cavity wall due to dynamic fluid pressure. This sensor is designed to operate in harsh environments of a nuclear reactor because sensor material is resilient to high temperatures, ionizing radiation, and corrosion. Parameters that determine performance characteristics of the transducer include dimensions of the microwave cavity, cavity electromagnetic excitation method, and cavity material. We investigate transducer design through computer simulations, with the objective of maximizing cavity Q-factor.

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Rethinking Hardware Impairments in Multi-User systems: Can FAS Make a Difference?

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yao, Junteng Wu, Tuo Zhou, Liaoshi Jin, Ming Pan, Cunhua Elkashlan, Maged Adachi, Fumiyuki Karagiannidis, George K. Al-Dhahir, Naofal Yuen, Chau The Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University Ningbo315211 China The School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore The National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China The School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Tohoku University Sendai Japan The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki54124 Greece Lebanon Lebanon The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Dallas RichardsonTX75080 United States

In this paper, we analyze the role of fluid antenna systems (FAS) in multi-user systems with hardware impairments (HIs). Specifically, we investigate a scenario where a base station (BS) equipped with multiple fluid antennas communicates with multiple users (CUs), each equipped with a single fluid antenna. Our objective is to maximize the minimum communication rate among all users by jointly optimizing the BS's transmit beamforming, the positions of its transmit fluid antennas, and the positions of the CUs' receive fluid antennas. To address this non-convex problem, we propose a block coordinate descent (BCD) algorithm integrating semidefinite relaxation (SDR), rank-one constraint relaxation (SRCR), successive convex approximation (SCA), and majorization-minimization (MM). Simulation results demonstrate that FAS significantly enhances system performance and robustness, with notable gains when both the BS and CUs are equipped with fluid antennas. Even under low transmit power conditions, deploying FAS at the BS alone yields substantial performance gains. However, the effectiveness of FAS depends on the availability of sufficient movement space, as space constraints may limit its benefits compared to fixed antenna strategies. Our findings highlight the potential of FAS to mitigate HIs and enhance multi-user system performance, while emphasizing the need for practical deployment considerations. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Receiving antennas

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