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ECHOES OF TRADITION: Virtual-Reality Media in Improving Spatial Space Experience 3D Virtual Tour of Kampung Adat Pulo Garut, West Java, Indonesia 9

ECHOES OF TRADITION: Virtual-Reality Media in Improving Spat...

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9th International STEM Education Conference (ISTEM-Ed)

作者： Rahman, M. F. Permana, A. Y. Susanti, I Akbardin, J. Wijaya, K. Handayani, S. Univ Pendidikan Indonesia Architecture Study Program Fac Technol & Vocat Educ Bandung Indonesia Univ Pendidikan Indonesia Civil Engn Study Program Fac Technol & Vocat Educ Bandung Indonesia Univ Kebangsaan Republ Indonesia Fac Civil Engn & Planning Architecture Study Program Bandung Indonesia Univ Pendidikan Indonesia Agroind Educ Study Program Fac Technol & Vocat Educ Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365986;9798350365979

In the current digital era, virtual reality (VR) technology is rapidly expanding across various fields, including education and cultural preservation. This technology offers immersive opportunities to explore and experience architectural spaces, promising increased understanding and learning motivation. Despite being relatively new in Indonesia, the application of VR has shown significant potential for education and cultural preservation through the implementation of a 3D virtual tour in Kampung Adat Pulo Garut. Therefore, this research aimed to develop VR media to enhance users' spatial experience and preserve the cultural values of Kampung Adat Pulo Garut through interactive learning. The method used was Research and Development (R&D) through the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) model. The equipment used was LiDAR Scanner FJD Trion P1 Series, DJI Mavic Air 2S Drone, and Sony A6000 Camera. The method used included aerial and terrestrial mapping, 3D modeling, and the development of virtual environments through Unreal Engine. The developmental process included various stages, namely concept, design, material collection, compilation, testing, and distribution. The result showed an interactive 3D virtual tour of Kampung Adat Pulo Garut, called "Echoes of Tradition." Unreal Engine was found to enable detailed visualization of traditional architecture and village environments with high accuracy and interactivity. The final product offered an immersive learning experience, enriching users' experience, and enabling digital preservation of cultural heritage. The next step, to get an overview of the research results, used a questionnaire as an instrument which was distributed to a total of 250 respondents. Furthermore, the potential implication of VR in education and cultural preservation was identified, guiding similar applications in the future. By improving accessibility and engagement in spatial and cultural learning, VR offered new avenues in education and cultu

关键词： Education explore spatial experience preservation visualization

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Mesostructural analysis of damage and healing of fine-aggregate mixtures containing recycled asphalt

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ROAD MATERIALS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN 2025年第Supp 1期26卷 791-812页

作者： Miljkovic, Miomir Roja, K. Lakshmi Seers, Thomas Khan, Talha Masad, Eyad Univ Nis Fac Civil Engn & Architecture Nish Serbia Texas A&M Univ Qatar Mech Engn Program Doha Qatar Texas A&M Univ Qatar Petr Engn Program Doha Qatar Hamad Bin Khalifa Univ Coll Sci & Engn Doha Qatar

This study evaluates the damage and healing characteristics of fine aggregate mixtures (FAM). Some FAM samples comprised only of virgin aggregate and asphalt binder, while others included reclaimed asphalt (RAP) and a recycling agent (REC). Sample damage was characterized using continuous shear cyclic loading, while the healing response was studied by including rest periods. To corroborate these mechanical analysis results, X-ray microtomographic (mu CT) images were captured for FAM samples before and after applying cyclic loading and rest periods. Critically, mechanical analysis demonstrated that adding RAP increased the rate of FAM damage, while using REC or higher binder content improved its healing capability. mu CT analysis revealed that FAM composition influenced pore geometry;samples with high binder content (B2, ***) formed spherical pores, while those with low binder content and RAP (***) developed elongated interconnected pores. These elongated pores coalesced into microcracks under load, reducing healing potential and increasing damage susceptibility.

关键词： Linear viscoelastic (LVE) rheological response X-ray microtomography (mu CT) damage and healing dissipated pseudo-strain energy pore connectivity fine-aggregate asphalt matrix

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Development of a hazard risk map for assessing pedestrian risk in urban flash floods:A case study in Cúcuta,Colombia

River

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River 2024年第1期3卷 8-23页

作者： Gerald Augusto Corzo Perez Diego Ivan Sanchez Tapiero Manuel Antonio Contreras Martínez Chris Zevenbergen IHE Delft Institute for Water Education Hydroinformatics and Digital InnovationDelftThe Netherlands Master in Environmental Engineering Civil Engineering ProgramFaculty of Engineering and ArchitectureUniversity of PamplonaPamplonaColombia Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands

The rapid growth of impervious areas in urban basins worldwide has increased the number of impermeable surfaces in cities,leading to severe flooding and significant economic losses for *** trend highlights the urgent need for methodologies that assess flood hazards and specifically address the direct impact on pedestrians,which is often overlooked in traditional flood hazard *** study aims to evaluate a methodology for assessing the risk to pedestrians from hydrodynamic forces during urban floods,with a specific focus on Cúcuta,*** methodology couples research outcomes from other studies on the impact of floodwaters on individuals of different ages and sizes with 1D/2D hydrological *** computational algorithms for image recognition were used to measure water levels at 5-s intervals on November 6,2020,using drones for digital elevation model data *** Cúcuta,where flood risk is high and drainage infrastructure is limited,the PCSWMM(Computer-based Urban Stormwater Management Model)was calibrated and validated to simulate extreme flood *** model incorporated urban infrastructure details and geomorphological parameters of Cúcuta's urban *** return periods(5,10,50,100),with extreme rainfall of 3 h,were used to estimate the variability of the risk *** output of the model was analyzed,and an integrated and time-varying comparison of the results was *** show that the regions of high-water depth and high velocity could vary significantly along the duration of the different extreme ***,from 5 to 100 years return period,the percentage of area at risk increased from 9.6%to 16.6%.The pedestrian sensitivity appears much higher than the increase in velocities or water depth *** study identified medium to high-risk locations,which are dynamic in *** can conclude dynamics are spatiotemporal,and the added information layer of pedestrians brings vulnerability information that is a

关键词： hazard and risk mapping pedestrian risk urban flood

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A bounding-surface-based cyclic "p-y plus M-θ" model for unified description of laterally loaded piles with different failure modes in clay

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CANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL JOURNAL 2024年第10期61卷 2104-2123页

作者： Hong, Yi Chen, Xuanyu Wang, Lizhong Wang, Lilin He, Ben Zhejiang Univ Coll Civil Engn & Architecture Shanghai Inst Adv Study Hangzhou 310058 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Coll Civil Engn & Architecture Hangzhou 310058 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Coll Civil Engn & Architecture Key Lab Offshore Geotech & Mat Zhejiang Prov Hangzhou 310058 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Ocean Coll Hundred Talents Program Zhoushan 316021 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Key Lab Offshore Geotech & Mat Zhejiang Prov Hangzhou Peoples R China

The increasing turbine sizes have necessitated monopiles in soft clay to have larger diameter and rigidity, from early design of flexible piles to recent semi-rigid piles, with future anticipating rigid piles. Existing few cyclic soil-pile interaction models are developed for flexible pile associated with full-flow failure (above the rotation point, RP), with little attention paid to semi-rigid and rigid piles involving rotational-shear failure (below RP). This study aims to unify the description of piles with varying rigidity by proposing a cyclic two-spring model, where lateral resistances above and below RP are described with cyclic p-y and M-theta springs, respectively. It naturally recovers to a cyclic p-y model for flexible piles. The cyclic p-y and M-theta formulations are developed within the bounding-surface plasticity framework, based on numerical results of cyclic soil-pile interaction concerning full-flow and rotational-shear mechanisms, respectively. These numerical analyses are performed using a cyclic plasticity clay model developed and implemented numerically in this study. The cyclic "p-y+M-theta" model quantitatively reproduces experimental results of cyclic shakedown and ratcheting for flexible, semi-rigid, and rigid piles. Ignorance of the M-theta spring could underestimate cyclic resistance of rigid piles by 25%, suggesting the model's merit in reducing conservatism for monopiles in feature designs.

关键词： lateral loaded pile cyclic "p-y plus M-theta" model failure mechanisms clay bounding surface plasticity theory

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Systematic calibration procedure for CFRP sheets and rods strengthened RC T-beams by using RBSM

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MECHANICS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES 2023年第9期30卷 1913-1929页

作者： Purnomo, Joko Han, Aylie Yamakawa, Rito Gan, Buntara S. Diponegoro Univ Dept Civil Engn Semarang Indonesia Petra Christian Univ Dept Civil Engn Surabaya Indonesia Univ Diponegoro World Class Res Program Semarang Indonesia Nihon Univ Grad Sch Engn Dept Architecture Koriyama Fukushima Japan Nihon Univ Coll Engn Dept Architecture Koriyama Fukushima Japan

In this study, a nonlinear 2D rigid body spring model (RBSM) was developed to verify the experimental works of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) sheets and rods strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) T-shape beam (RC T-beam) section under a combination of bending and shearing loads. Modified Mohr-Coulomb criteria were adopted for modeling the plastic damage of concrete material. The orthotropic smeared layers representing the steel and CFRP materials were laminated on the concrete surface to model the reinforcing steel bars, stirrup steel, and CFRP sheets and rods. A mechanical behavior-based approach to fit the experimental results was discussed using the numerical results at each calibration stage. This study shows how the gradient of compressive and ultimate tensile strength of concrete affects the initial flexure behavior of the load-displacement curve of an RC T-beam. In contrast with finite element modeling, the RBSM can exhibit the crack propagation processes of element separation during the simulation. The calibrations showed the agreement of the models used in predicting the flexural behavior, ultimate load, and strengthening effects of the CFRP sheets and rods to the RC T-beam under bending loads. A systematic calibration procedure combined with the recommended use of energy-based criteria to evaluate the results of calibrated load-displacement curve was proposed.

关键词： Calibration CFRP strengthening experiment RBSM

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Microstructure, XRD, and strength performance of ultra-high-performance lightweight concrete containing artificial lightweight fine aggregate and silica fume

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JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING 2024年 94卷

作者： Rafieizonooz, Mahdi Kim, Jang-Ho Jay Kim, Jin-su Jo, Jae -Bin Khankhaje, Elnaz Yonsei Univ Sch Civil & Environm Engn Yonsei Ro 50 Seoul 03722 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Sci & Technol Sch Architecture Architectural Engn Program 232 Gongreung Ro Seoul 01811 South Korea

Ultra-high-performance lightweight concrete (UHPLC), a sustainable and environmentally friendly concrete crafted with artificial lightweight aggregates to preserve non-renewable natural resources like river sand, has garnered significant attention due to its exceptional mechanical properties. This study explores the use of artificial lightweight fine aggregate (ALWFA) as a substitute for fine aggregate in UHPLC production, investigating both fresh properties and mechanical performance. Microstructure analysis, utilizing SEM, and crystalline phase evaluation, employing XRD, were also conducted. The study results indicated that due to the irregular shape of ALWA particles with sharp edges, increasing the content of ALWFA led to a reduction in the flowability of UHPLC. Additionally, it was found that increasing the amount of ALWFA as a replacement for fine aggregate negatively affected both the compressive and tensile strength of UHPLC. This reduction in strength can be attributed to the higher porosity and lower intrinsic strength of ALWFA particles, as well as the weaker cohesion between ALWFA particles and the matrix. SEM analysis revealed that elevating the ALWFA content as a replacement for fine aggregate resulted in an increase in both the number and dimensions of voids, which is responsible for the weaker performance of ALWFA concrete. Finally, XRD analysis showed no significant alteration in the crystalline phases as the ALWFA content increased.

关键词： Ultra -high-performance lightweight concrete Artificial lightweight fine aggregate Silica fume SEM XRD

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Effect of various geopolymerization parameters on poor quality Afşin-Elbistan fly ash-based geopolymer concretes with ground granulated blast furnace slag

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IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2024年第10期33卷 1435-1448页

作者： Sevinc, Ahmet Hayrullah Durgun, Muhammed Yasin Kahramanmaras Istiklal Univ Elbistan Vocat Sch Higher Educ Construct Program TR-46300 Kahramanmaras Turkiye Bartin Univ Fac Engn Architecture & Design Civil Engn Dept Kutlubey Yazicilar Campus TR-74100 Bartin Turkiye

The utilization of Af & scedil;in-Elbistan fly ash (FA), which cannot be used in cement and concrete industry in production of geopolymers, has been studied with some preliminary trials. In this study, FA of Af & scedil;in-Elbistan thermal power plant, which does not fit any of FA classes according to ASTM C 618, was used as a geopolymer binder raw material. The main motivation of the study is to investigate the partial usability of this type of FA, which is not sufficient on its own and creates a large amount of waste, as a geopolymer raw material. FA was replaced with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) by the ratios of 25% and 50% (by weights) in order to develop the properties of geopolymer concrete. Sodium silicate (SS) and sodium hydroxide (SH) (10 and 14 M) were used as activators. Three different activator to binder ratios (0.45, 0.55 and 0.65) and three SS/SH ratios (0.75, 1.0 and 1.5) were chosen. Unit weight, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests were performed for 28 and 60 days. In order to investigate the microstructure, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were performed. As a result, GGBFS incorporation enhanced the properties of Af & scedil;in-Elbistan FA-based geopolymer concrete. With the increase of GGBFS content, the compressive strength values increased. The highest strengths were obtained from 50% GGBFS groups. The results revealed that Af & scedil;in-Elbistan FA (AEFA), which has the highest waste reserve among the thermal power plant fly ashes in Turkey, could be evaluated as partial geopolymer raw material.

关键词： Geopolymer concrete Geopolymerization parameters Af & scedil in-Elbistan fly ash Ground granulated blast furnace slag Mechanical properties

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The Implementation Of Centrifugal Force In The Geometric Design Of Road For Safety Driving Convenience On The Cisarua sta.0+050-1+450 9

The Implementation Of Centrifugal Force In The Geometric Des...

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9th International STEM Education Conference (ISTEM-Ed)

作者： Akbardin, Juang Mohamad, Dadang Yudhi, Asep P. Aprian, Eky Univ Pendidikan Indonesia Civil Engn Study Program Jl Dr Setiabudhi 229 Bandung 40154 Indonesia Univ Pendidikan Indonesia Architecture Study Program Jl Dr Setiabudhi 229 Bandung 40154 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365986;9798350365979

The road of Cisarua - Ngamprah has winding conditions and can result in accidents from a geometric perspective. Some of the reasons are because the radius, visibility, and pavement widening at bends have inappropriate road slopes. This research aims implementation of centrifugal force in the geometric design of road for safety driving Conveniencet at the Cisarua sta. 0+050 - 1+450. This research method uses evaluative and quantitative methods. Data collection is carried out by observing road locations and the agencies responsible for completing geometric traffic data. Data analysis was carried out on centrifugal strength calculation, the highway gradient, arch sharpness calculation, and centrifugal forces implementation on road bends. These actions are lumped through plunging the aftereffect of greater centrifugal force strength. Moreover, this implementation is also able to reduce the chance of accidents due to centrifugal force impacts based on road geometry calculations. Based on the evaluation and implementation of a smaller centrifugal force design, the use of a spiral-circle-spiral bend type with a transition curve can increase safety driving comfort.

关键词： Cisarua-Ngamprah road centrifugal force geometric safety driving comfort

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Navigating the definition of urban flooding: a conceptual and systematic review of the literature

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WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024年第10期90卷 2796-2812页

作者： Alves, Priscila Barros Ramalho Amanguah, Ebenezer Mcnally, Devin Espinoza, Maria Ghaedi, Hamed Reilly, Allison Hendricks, Marccus Univ Maryland Sch Architecture Planning & Preservat Stormwater Infrastruct Resilience & Justice SIRJ L College Pk MD 20742 USA Univ Maryland A James Clark Sch Engn Civil & Environm Engn Program College Pk MD USA

Urban flooding is a significant global challenge, posing risks to urban planners, policymakers, and communities. This paper reviews the literature to analyze how urban flooding is defined across scientific disciplines. Our objectives are to uncover the elements used to define urban flooding and evaluate how these elements can impact future research and practice. A key difficulty is the lack of a consistent, comprehensive definition that captures both physical and social dimensions of urban flooding. Current definitions often focus solely on physical aspects (e.g., rainfall, infrastructure) or social impacts, rarely integrating both. This fragmentation hinders effective flood risk management and interdisciplinary collaboration. Our contribution is a multifaceted definition incorporating spatial and social concerns, including water origins, built environment characteristics, and local community aspects. We introduce the "Urban Water Transect" concept to illustrate the continuum of flood risk across urban zones, addressing a gap in the literature. The analysis reveals that many papers discuss flooding causes without providing an explicit definition. Urban flooding is predominantly defined based on water source, imperviousness, and drainage infrastructure. Future research should adopt an interdisciplinary perspective considering both physical and social aspects, potentially transforming urban flood risk management.

关键词： imperviousness infrastructure pluvial social aspects urban flooding

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Use of brick dust to optimise the dewatering process of hydrated lime mortars for conservation applications

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MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES 2023年第3期56卷 1-19页

作者： Su-Cadirci, Tugce Busra Ince, Ceren Calabria-Holley, Juliana Ball, Richard J. Univ Bath Fac Engn & Design Dept Architecture & Civil Engn Bath BA2 7AY England Middle East Tech Univ Ctr Sustainabil Civil Engn Program Northern Cyprus CampusMersin 10 Guzelyurt North Cyprus Turkiye

The impact of dewatering on lime mortars modified using brick dust was studied, as it is of particular importance in conservation applications. Dewatering takes place when freshly mixed mortars come into contact with a porous substrate, such as brick or stone, during on site construction. Since the dewatering process between the mortar and its substrate can modify the mortar properties, understanding the dewatering process enables pozzolan-modified hydrated lime mortars to be optimised for the masonry units being bonded. Evaluation of the water transport kinetics on brick dust-hydrated lime binder systems demonstrated their more water releasing behaviour. Investigations of non-dewatered and dewatered specimens in the volume ratio of 1:1:2 (lime:brick dust:sand) showed that the addition of brick dust to lime mortar increased dewatering, which in turn led to greater compressive strength, carbonation depth, decreased porosity and depth of water penetration. These properties are of great importance in the conservation of historic masonry, as mortars that are too strong or possess low permeability can accelerate degradation. This study will enable identification of the most suitable mix designs thereby increasing the durability and prolonging the life of historic masonry.

关键词： Dewatering Water transport kinetics Disposal Hydrated lime Pozzolan Waste brick dust

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