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AN ENVIRONMENTALISTS PERSPECTIVE ON ALTERNATIVES TO PUMP AND TREAT FOR GROUND-WATER REMEDIATION

GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1993年第4期13卷 92-94页

作者： ROSS, DL Lauren Ross is an engineer and consultant on environmental and statistical projects. She has a B.S. M.S. and Ph.D. in civil engineering. Dr. Ross has 15 years of engineering experience particularly in the design of ground water monitoring systems data analysis computer modeling and computer program development. She has also worked on non-point source pollution assessment for storm water runoff. In addition to industry and governmental clients Dr. Ross provides engineering consulting to environmental groups including Save Barton Creek Association and the SOS Coalition in Austin Texas.

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Preliminary Hydrogeologic Modeling and Optimal Monitoring Network Design for a Contaminated Abandoned Mine Site Area: Application of Developed Monitoring Network Design Software

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2016年第1期8卷 46-64页

作者： Bithin Datta Frederic Durand Solemne Laforge Om Prakash Hamed K. Esfahani Sreenivasulu Chadalavada Ravi Naidu Discipline of Civil Engineering College of Science Technology and Engineering James Cook University Townsville Australia CRC-CARE (Cooperative Research Centre for Remediation and Assessment of the Environment) University of Newcastle Callaghan Australia Water and Environment Program Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Ingénieurs de Limoges (ENSIL) Limoges France

In abandoned mine sites, i.e., mine sites where mining operations have ended, wide spread contaminations are often evident, but the potential sources and pathways of contamination especially through the subsurface, are difficult to identify due to inadequate and sparse geochemical measurements available. Therefore, it is essential to design and implement a planned monitoring net-work to obtain essential information required for establishing the potential contamination source locations, i.e., waste dumps, tailing dams, pits and possible pathways through the subsurface, and to design a remediation strategy for rehabilitation. This study presents an illustrative application of modeling the flow and transport processes and monitoring network design in a study area hydrogeologically resembling an abandoned mine site in Queensland, Australia. In this preliminary study, the contaminant transport process modeled does not incorporate the reactive geochemistry of the contaminants. The transport process is modeled considering a generic conservative contaminant for the illustrative purpose of showing the potential application of an optimal monitoring design methodology. This study aims to design optimal monitoring network to: 1) minimize the contaminant solute mass estimation error;2) locate the plume boundary;3) select the monitoring locations with (potentially) high concentrations. A linked simulation optimization based methodology is utilized for optimal monitoring network design. The methodology is applied utilizing a recently developed software package CARE-GWMND, developed at James Cook University for optimal monitoring network design. Given the complexity of the groundwater systems and the sparsity of pollutant concentration observation data from the field, this software is capable of simulating the groundwater flow and solute transport with spatial interpolation of data from a sparse set of available data, and it utilizes the optimization algorithm to determine optimum

关键词： Groundwater Contamination Optimal Monitoring Network Design Linked Simulation Optimization Methodology Kriging Interpolation Mine Site Contamination

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Linking a Simulated Annealing Based Optimization Model with PHT3D Simulation Model for Chemically Reactive Transport Processes to Optimally Characterize Unknown Contaminant Sources in a Former Mine Site in Australia

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第5期9卷 432-454页

作者： Bithin Datta Claire Petit Marine Palliser Hamed K. Esfahani Om Prakash Discipline of Civil Engineering College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville QLD Australia CRC-CARE (Cooperative Research Centre for Remediation and Assessment of the Environment) University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW Australia Water and Environment Program Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Ingénieurs de Limoges (ENSIL) Limoges France Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering I. I. T. Patna India

Historical mining activities often lead to continuing wide spread contaminants in both groundwater and surface water in previously operational mine site areas. The contamination may continue for many years after closing down the mining activities. The essential first step for sustainable management of groundwater and development of remediation strategies is the unknown contaminant source characterization. In a mining site, there are multiple species of contaminants involving complex geochemical processes. It is difficult to identify the potential sources and pathways incorporating the chemically reactive multiple species of contaminants making the source characterization process more challenging. To address this issue, a reactive transport simulation model PHT3D is linked to a Simulated Annealing based the optimum decision model. The numerical simulation model PHT3D is utilized for numerically simulating the reactive transport process involving multiple species in the former mine site area. The simulation results from the calibrated PHT3D model are illustrated, with and without incorporating the chemical reactions. These comparisons show the utility of using a reactive, geochemical transport process’ simulation model. Performance evaluation of the linked simulation optimization methodology is evaluated for a contamination scenario in a former mine site in Queensland, Australia. These performance evaluation results illustrate the applicability of linked simulation optimization model to identify the source characteristics while using PHT3D as a numerical reactive chemical species’ transport simulation model for the hydro-geochemically complex aquifer study area.

关键词： Groundwater Contamination Source Characterization PHT3D Linked Simulation Optimization Methodology Chemically Reactive Transport Simulation Mine Site Contamination Simulated Annealing

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Academic integrity among engineering undergraduates: Seven years of research by the E∧3 team

Academic integrity among engineering undergraduates: Seven y...

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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： Finelli, Cynthia Harding, Trevor Carpenter, Donald Mayhew, Matthew University of Michigan United States California Polytechnic State University United States Lawrence Technological University United States New York University United States Center for Research on Learning and Teaching United States Center for Excellence in Teaching and Learning United Kingdom Department of Excellence in Teaching Department of Electrical Engineering Kettering University United States U-M Steering Committee for the President's Ethics in Public Life Initiative College of Engineering's Diversity Outreach Council Executive Board ERM Division of ASEE Department of Materials Engineering California Polytechnic State University United States Department of Civil Engineering Lawrence Technological University United States Civil Engineering Assessment Program EIC Portugal Department of Higher Education New York University United States

The E3Team (Exploring Ethical decision-making in engineering) is a group of engineering educators and educational researchers who have worked collaboratively since 2000 to understand the underlying causes of academic dishonesty in engineering undergraduates. The team was especially motivated by decades of others' work showing that, when surveyed, engineering students were among those most likely to report frequently cheating. This paper summarizes some of the team's more important findings from three major studies that surveyed a total of 1300 undergraduates at eleven institutions. The paper also describes the next phase of the team's research and presents implications of that work for engineering educators. © American Society for engineering Education, 2007.

关键词： engineering education

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Towards an Automated Approach for Compiling Hybrid Life Cycle Inventories

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Procedia engineering 2017年 180卷 157-166页

作者： Robert H. Crawford Paul-Antoine Bontinck André Stephan Thomas Wiedmann Faculty of Architecture Building and Planning The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia Sustainability Assessment Program (SAP) School of Civil and Environmental Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia ISA School of Physics A28 The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

There is an urgent need to reduce the environmental effects associated with the built environment. While a life cycle approach is considered essential for ensuring that these effects are not simply shifted from one life cycle stage to another, not all life cycle assessment methods provide the same level of detail. Three main approaches are currently used to compile a life cycle inventory capturing data on the inputs and outputs associated with a particular good or service: process, input-output and hybrid analysis. While process analysis is recognised for its specificity, it typically involves a truncation of the system boundary. Conversely, input-output analysis is systemically complete, but aggregates data at the economic sector or commodity level. Combining these two methods in a hybrid analysis has the potential to reduce their limitations, while maintaining their benefits. However, combining process and input-output data remains a highly manual and time-consuming process. The development of an automated approach for compiling life cycle inventories is a critical step in the uptake of hybrid analysis methods. This study aims to explore automating the hybridisation of process and input-output data using the Path Exchange method. Major practical barriers that usually prevent automating the integration of process and input-output data in hybrid life cycle inventories are discussed and a case study focusing on concrete is used for the purpose of illustrating the approach.

关键词： Life Cycle assessment hybrid analysis construction automation industrial ecology virtual laboratory

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Accelerating Electric Vehicle Uptake: Modelling Public Policy Options on Prices and Infrastructure

SSRN

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SSRN 2021年

作者： Broadbent, Gail Helen Allen, Cameron Ian Wiedmann, Thomas Metternicht, Graciela Isabel Earth and Sustainability Science Research Centre UNSW Sydney NSW2052 Australia Sustainability Assessment Program School of Civil and Environmental Engineering UNSW Sydney NSW2052 Australia School of Computer Science & Engineering Monash Sustainable Development Institute Monash University Melbourne Australia

Transitioning to passenger battery electric vehicles (BEV) can mitigate climate change impacts of road transportation. We develop a novel BEV policy model, nesting it within a national-scale macroeconomic system dynamics model ( iSDG-Australia ) to simulate a suite of policy pathways, underpinned by combinations of price incentive and infrastructure support. Subsidising vehicle purchase price brings forward the price-parity tipping point, rapidly accelerating BEVs’ share of new car sales. However, ongoing complementary charging infrastructure investment is critical to reach 100% new BEV car sales by 2050 in Australia. Despite rapid transition, the fleet we modelled would not achieve net-zero by 2050 due to vehicle longevity;and suddenly ceasing financial incentives could retard BEV sales by a decade. Results suggest emissions reductions are maximised by the fastest transition of the passenger vehicle fleet to BEVs, entailing government policy support for adequate infrastructure deployment and financial incentives to achieve earlier BEV price-parity with fossil-fuelled vehicles. © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Public policy

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MINING GOLD IN THE MIDWEST

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第1期106卷 137-140页

作者： SKOLNICK, A The Author:is president of System Science Consultants (SSC) specializing in strategic planning technical program definition and engineering analyses on selected matters of national interest. Dr. Skolnick teaches mathematics and management sciences at Marymount University and Northern Virginia Community College. From 1985 to 1989 he was president of the American Society of Naval Engineers. He has been helping the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment in evaluating civil-military integration and dual-usage opportunities. He is active in advancing national efforts to improve the teaching of mathematics and science in our elementary and secondary schools he serves on the Board of Directors of the National Coalition of Engineering Societies for Precollege Mathematics and Science.

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The Carbon Footprint of Australia's Construction Sector

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Procedia engineering 2017年 180卷 211-220页

作者： Man Yu Thomas Wiedmann Robert Crawford Catriona Tait Sustainability Assessment Program (SAP) School of Civil and Environmental Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia ISA School of Physics A28 The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Faculty of Architecture Building and Planning University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia Cardno St Leonards NSW 2065 Australia

Australia accounts for just 0.33% of the world's population yet it is one of the highest emitters of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per capita in the world. The construction sector is a substantial area for mitigation efforts in Australia because of its economic importance and its involvement with indirect GHG emissions, i.e. those embodied in construction supply chains, including construction materials and electricity use. While the majority of policies and regulations focus on reducing direct emissions from buildings, more attention needs to be paid to the embodied emissions of the whole sector as these can take up anywhere between 10% and 97% of the whole life-cycle carbon emissions. This study aims at unravelling the total carbon footprint of the construction sector in Australia from 2009 to 2013, identifying the key contributing supply chains, industries and products. An economy wide input-output (IO) analysis is performed using a collaborative, cloud-based data platform – the Industrial Ecology Virtual Laboratory (IELab). This allows for a detailed disaggregation of sectors and permits more refined analysis as well as benchmarking against other sectors in the economy. Results for CO 2 e emissions by final demand show the construction sector makes up 18.1% of Australia's carbon footprint, compared to only 1.9% of direct emissions in 2013. The largest contributors to these embodied emissions are electricity, water & waste and materials throughout the years. Results are also broken down by detailed construction activities in residential / non-residential, road & bridge, other heavy and civil engineering and construction services. Mitigation options for electricity supply and materials use in the Australian construction sector are suggested.

关键词： Construction sector carbon footprint embodied emissions input output analysis Australia

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Implementing hybrid LCA routines in an input–output virtual laboratory

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Journal of Economic Structures 2018年第1期7卷 1页

作者： Yu, Man Wiedmann, Thomas Sustainability Assessment Program (SAP) School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney 2052 NSW Australia Integrated Sustainability Analysis (ISA) School of Physics A28 The University of Sydney Sydney 2006 NSW Australia

Hybrid life cycle assessment (LCA) has been developed for almost 40 years, but its applications are still limited to certain products/industries. This study endeavors to expand the accessibility of hybrid LCA from specialists to practitioners by developing a streamlined and semi-automated hybrid LCA data compilation routine in an input–output virtual laboratory. Data from the Australian Life Cycle Inventory Database (AusLCI) and the Australian Industrial Ecology Virtual Laboratory are used to demonstrate this routine. A hybridized AusLCI database is generated and used to calculate the hybrid carbon footprint intensities (CFIs) of all AusLCI processes. How different assumptions and settings on the hybridization influence the difference between process-based and hybrid results is further investigated and discussed intensively. Major inputs from the IO system are identified, and the sensitivity and uncertainty of hybrid results against unit price variations and EEIO table uncertainties are quantified via Monte Carlo simulations. On average, process-based CFIs are 21–32% lower than the corresponding hybrid CFIs, which is larger than the uncertainties resulting from either price variation, EEIO data uncertainty or scenarios on how the hybridization is conducted. Although the data are Australian specific, the underlying procedure is applicable to any country as long as suitable data are available. © 2018, The Author(s).

关键词： Australia Carbon footprint intensity Hybrid life cycle assessment Input–output virtual laboratory Uncertainty

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Decomposition of integrated hybrid life cycle inventories by origin and final-stage inputs

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Journal of Economic Structures 2018年第1期7卷 1页

作者： Teh, Soo Huey Wiedmann, Thomas Sustainability Assessment Program (SAP) School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney 2052 NSW Australia Integrated Sustainability Analysis (ISA) School of Physics A28 The University of Sydney Sydney 2006 NSW Australia

This note presents a method to decompose life cycle inventories derived from integrated and mixed-unit hybrid life cycle assessment. The approach extends the decomposition method described by Wiedmann (Econ Struct 6:11, 2017. https://***/10.1186/s40008-017-0072-0) by differentiating between impacts from industries, products and processes. The method can be used to quantify the cradle-to-sale impacts of products and processes in the final stage of manufacturing a particular product. We present such a decomposition for the example of life cycle inventories for different types of concrete and compare it to one where the life cycle inventories have been decomposed by origin. © 2018, The Author(s).

关键词： Concrete Decomposition Final-stage inputs Hybrid life cycle assessment Integrated hybrid LCA Life cycle inventories Mixed-unit hybrid LCA Origin Total impact multipliers

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