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Improvement of clay gradation using black-beach sand

AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2838卷

作者： Qunik Wiqoyah Diah Kusumaningrum Maulina Junephin Natalie Nurul Hidayati Civil Engineering Study Program Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Ahmad Yani Street No.157 Pabelan Kartasura Sukoharjo Jawa Tengah Indonesia Civil Engineering Master Study Program Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Ahmad Yani Street No.157 Pabelan Kartasura Sukoharjo Jawa Tengah Indonesia

Stabilization is one method of improving soil that does not meet development requirements. This method is used to enhance the technical properties of the soil so that it can fulfill particular technical specifications. Due to the low bearing capacity of clay soil, this study was conducted to increase soil gradation using black-beach sand by adding 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% clay to the soil. Water content and specific gravity tests were performed on black-beach sand, as well as physical (water content, specific gravity, Atterberg limits, and soil grain analysis) and mechanical properties (compaction and shear strength) testing on clay soils. The black-beach sand test resulted in a water content of 2.51% and a specific gravity of 2.676. The results of the physical properties test on clay showed a decrease in the water content, specific gravity, liquid limit, plasticity index, and percentage of passing No. 200, but an increase in the plastic limit and shrinkage limit values. Clay is classified as A-7-5 by AASHTO and as CH by the USCS. The optimal water content value decreased as the maximum dry soil volume increased. The original soil shear strength test resulted in a value of 0.863 kg/cm2, a cohesion value of 0.557 kg/cm2, and an internal friction angle of 11.08°. The internal friction angle increases with the addition of black-beach sand, but the cohesiveness value decreases. Stabilization with black-beach sand can increase the gradation and bearing capacity of the soil.

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Durability test method of hot mix asphalt: A review

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2838卷

作者： Sri Sunarjono Zulfadli Zikri Mumfaz Nurul Hidayati Senja Rum Harnaeni Civil Engineering Master Study Program Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Ahmad Yani Street No.157 Pabelan Kartasura Sukoharjo Jawa Tengah Indonesia Civil Engineering Study Program Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Ahmad Yani Street No.157 Pabelan Kartasura Sukoharjo Jawa Tengah Indonesia

This research is focused on selecting a hot asphalt mixture test method for water and temperature applied in Indonesia. The study was carried out based on the literature study of various tests that existed so far. The search results are known to the existing test method are Immersion Compression, Original Lottman, Modified Lottman, Root-Tunnicliff, Duriez, Hamburg Wheel Tracking Device, Saturation Ageing Tensile Stiffness, Highways, Indonesian National Standard (SNI), Moisture Induced Stress Tester (MIST), and Boil Test. Based on the investigation, it can be inferred that water and temperature are contributing factors to the formation of a hot asphalt mixture, as the adhesion and cohesion connections are damaged. Adhesion damage is identified using a soaking and emphasizing procedure, whereas cohesion damage is identified by modeling vehicle stresses on the sample to be examined. Apart from the potential for damage to the asphalt mixed bond, the technique selection procedure is influenced by the test duration, mechanical evaluation, climate compatibility, and tool availability. The selection process begins with making a scoring scale for each parameter, then scoring each test method, and finally adding up the scores of the five parameters. The factors can be categorized into five categories, except duration and climate adaptability. Only two types of damage are classified based on their influence on adhesion or the combination of adhesion and cohesion. The mechanical evaluation contains only three grading categories: 1, 3, and 5, with no point for tool availability. The testing process can take as little as one day or as long as four days. Based on the results of the sum of the scores for each method, it can be seen that SNI 6753-2015 is the most appropriate asphalt durability test technique for usage in Indonesia, scoring 22 points overall, followed by MIST (21 points) and Bina Marga (20 points).

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Stabilization of Soft Clay from Bukit Rawi using Portland Composite Cement

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2022年第1期999卷

作者： Y F Arifin R F Rahmah Civil Engineering Master Program University of Lambung Mangkurat Banjarmasin Professional Engineer Education Study Program University of Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru

One method for stabilizing soft clay is to mix it with cement. Portland composite cement (PCC) is a cement produced by grinding together portland slag and gypsum with one or more inorganic materials that is suitable for stabilization of soft soils. The purpose of this study was to mix soft clay from Bukit Rawi, Central Kalimantan with PCC, which was then tested for unconfined compression strength (UCS) and the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) to see if it could be used as a road subgrade. Soft soil from Bukit Rawi was mixed with PCC with percentages of 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12% on a dry weight basis. The mixture was tested by Proctor standard compaction to obtain the optimum moisture content and maximum dry density. At these optimum conditions, UCS and CBR tests were carried out. The findings reveal that adding PCC to Bukit Rawi soil enhances UCS and CBR, which were previously 3.47% of CBR and 0.67kg/cm2 of UCS. The addition of PCC with a level of 2‒3% is planned for field application, because it is considered capable of fulfilling the requirements as a subgrade layer with a CBR of 15%. Furthermore, 12 percent PCC is required in the combination as a foundation (minimum 20kg/cm2 of UCS).

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The Effect of EPS Addition to Soil Stabilized with Fly Ash as Lightweight Fill Materials for Embankment Construction 1

The Effect of EPS Addition to Soil Stabilized with Fly Ash a...

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2018 1st Workshop on engineering, Education, Applied Sciences, and Technology, WEAST 2018

作者： Syahril Somantri, Andri Krisnandi Febriansya, Aditia Civil Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia Post-Graduate Stud. of Infrastructure Engineering Study Program Applied Master Program Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia

Design and construction of road embankment presents several challenges, including the possibility of bearing capacity failure, large total settlement, differential settlement, and slope instability, which may result from the weight of the embankment construction itself, and/or weak foundation. A number of techniques have been developed and can be used to overcome these problems, one of them is by modifying the weight of the embankment itself with the use of lightweight materials, such as soil-EPS mixture. The use of soil-EPS mixture as lightweight material provides several advantages, among which can achieve the same volume or elevation requirement with a significantly lighter weight compared to ordinary materials, improving slope stability, embankment over high compressibility soil, and to reduce soil pressure to soil retaining structures, abutment or bridge pillar. Fly ash also added to act as binder to increase shear strength of mixture. The result of the compaction test shows that the addition of a small amount of EPS to the mixture can significantly reduce the maximum dry density of the mixture. Triaxial UU and UCS test results show a reduction in mixture strength as EPS contents increase, but due to the presence of fly ash increases the strength of mixture as the number of day increases, so that the use of lightweight materials has the potential to be one of soil improvement solutions. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Mixtures

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The unit price of building changes to different design of seismic importance factors

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第1期1087卷

作者： C A W S Mastura M Mubarak A Abdullah Master of Civil Engineering Study Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia

The design of a building needs to accommodate the potential for earthquake risk. The function and utilization of buildings are closely related to the risks caused by earthquakes, especially for people using the building. In the design process, load changes due to utilization are accommodated through an index value called seismic importance factors (SIF). The application of the index will directly affect the structural dimensions of a building. Thus, the amount of building unit price (BUP) needed will also vary according to the function of the building. This research was conducted to analyze changes in BUP on some seismic importance factors in a building structure design. Changes in unit prices were explained by applying the price index approach in the form of the building unit price index (BUPI). This study was applied to a six-story building using reinforced concrete structures and following earthquake load conditions in four seismic zones in Aceh Province. The BUPI was analyzed based on comparing a building unit price (BUP) to the reference BUP that was set from the building designed with the lowest SIF index in the initial seismic zone. The analysis results show that the increase in the SIF indices will potentially increase the BUP to 6 % (IDR. 105,061.25) for SIF 1.00 to 1.25, while the increase in costs for SIF 1.25 to 1.50 was 4 % (IDR. 84,507.32). The BUPI values have clearly explained how the building unit price increases following the SIF indexes increase.

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The influence of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) as Portland Composite Cement (PCC) substitution in improving compressive strength of concrete

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第2期1098卷

作者： R Raafidiani S Sumargo R Permana Master of Applied Infrastructure Engineering Study Program Civil Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir Bandung Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Jl. Terusan Jenderal Sudirman Cimahi Indonesia

Concrete is a construction material that is extensively used to build various Infrastructures. The increasing of basic human facilities and the resulting Infrastructures in increasing needs of concrete and cement concrete as the material forming. Many problems in the concrete producing industry are not sustainable. Because of concrete production uses enormous natural resources and the main binding material in concrete is cement. Cement is the result of calcination of lime roomates in the process results in the release of carbon dioxide (CO2). To mitigate this problem and for sustainability concrete, many researches have been done to find a replacement for cement. Geopolymer concrete is an alternative to reduce part of cement. Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) that consist of silica and alumina can be used as a binder to replace part of the Portland Composite Cement (PCC). In this study, concrete compressive strength tests were carried out on 48 specimens of concrete cylinder 15x30 cm. The ratio of substitution GGBFS/PCC used were 0/100, 40/60, 50/50 and 60/40. The specimens were cured at room temperature then tested at the age of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The results show that the average compressive strength of concrete at the age of 28 days that GGBFS/PCC ratio of 0/100, 40/60, 50/50 and 60/40 were 26.50, 23.01, 26.65 and 22.56 MPa, respectively. Based on the analysis, 50% substitution of GGBFS can be used to partially replace cement because has the same as normal compressive strength of concrete and can be classified as environmentally friendly or green concrete.

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Measurement analysis of the level of household preparedness for facing landslide in Bogor regency

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期708卷

作者： P D Saputra C Rahmawati K S H Purnomo E Larosa Nurhasanah Military Building Construction Engineering Study Program Faculty of Military Engineering Indonesia Defense University Bogor Indonesia Industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Dirgantara Marsekal Suryadarma Jakarta Indonesia Master of Management Program Universitas Teknologi YogyakartaYogyakarta Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Education Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Yogyakarta Indonesia Civil Engineering Study Program School of Engineering & Technology Tanri Abeng University Jakarta Indonesia

There are so many areas in Indonesia that are prone to landslides. Bogor is the regency with the most frequent landslides. Therefore, high community preparedness is needed to deal with the landslide, especially at the household level because it is the spearhead of preparedness and influence disaster risk. The objective of this research is to measure and analyze the level of household preparedness for facing landslide. The location of this research is in Cibadak Village, Bogor regency where a landslide disaster had happened. This is a quantitative research. The number of the samples were 100 household. Data collection was done by surveying samples and distributing questionnaires. The data would be analyzed with descriptive analysis, and the results of level of household preparedness would be categorized to five levels which were very prepared (80-100), prepared (65-79), almost prepared (55-64), less prepared (40-54), and not prepared (0-39). The results of the research are the average index value of Knowledge and Attitude (KA) parameter is 66.77, Emergency Planning (EP) parameter is 52.24, Warning System (WS) parameter is 64.80, Resources Mobilization Capacity (RMC) parameter is 51.25 and the level of household preparedness for facing landslide is 59.26 or and it is significant at the almost prepared level.

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The effect of using crumb rubber on fatigue and rutting lives in flexible pavement

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期732卷

作者： T A Balqis S Suherman Post-Graduate Student of Infrastructure Engineering Study Program Applied Master Program Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia

This research is performed to analyze effect of using crumb rubber (CR) on the overlay design of Palembang City – Betung roads. Analysis of existing road conditions using the AASHTO 1993. This analysis based on deflection data using the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD). While, the overlay design analysis using CIRCLY 7.0 software to determine horizontal tensile strain (εh) for fatigue live and vertical compressive strain (εv) for rutting live parameters. The result showed that using CR can increase fatigue live into 66 % and rutting lives into 22 % for contribute pavement performance. To ensure the effect of CR in pavement's performance, further research must be taken to find out if there are other effects that support.

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Analysis of Project Cost Management Indicators at Residential Buildings (Case study: Building Construction Project in Rusun Penggilingan Jakarta)

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期508卷

作者： A.S Manlian Ronald Hendra Lumbantoruan Master of Civil Engineering majoring in Construction Management - Universitas Pelita Harapan Master of Civil Engineering Study Program Construction Management – Universitas Tarumanagara.

Indonesia's economic growth is growing along with the growth of the construction industry against increasing construction projects. The performance of a construction project requires serious management to achieve maximum results. Delays occur, quality is not in accordance with contract specifications, and costs that sometimes occur overbudget. Some studies show that the dominant factors causing overbudget in construction projects consist of: cost estimation factors, performance management factors, resource mobilization factors, control factors of timing performance, incomplete project information data, increasing material prices, and financial policies from government. In overcoming these dominant factors, project cost management is needed. Construction projects can be managed with project cost management. Project cost management includes the stages of planning, scheduling and controlling which are important steps to be taken to achieve the objective of project performance. Project cost management involves cost budgeting and cost control. Cost budgeting aims to generate a cost baseline to ensure project performance and project needs. A cost baseline is a time step from the budget used by the project manager to ensure and monitor costs. Cost control is used to monitor costs based on the cost baseline. Project control systems can be seen through project performance. Project performance can be done by comparing cost performance over time. Costs from the time period can be analyzed by variance analysis. Variance analysis involves actual project performance with planned performance. Value technique is used to analyze trend whether a performance is improving or deteriorating by comparing planned performance with actual performance. EVA (earned value analysis) is one of method using for project control. EVA method can be used to measure project performance which applied as a tool to integrate between cost and time aspect.

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Determining the priority criteria and ranking of provincial bridge maintenance in West Sumatra using a combination of the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process and VIKOR-Modification methods

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期602卷

作者： Yossyafra N Angelia Yosritzal Meyadtri D I Mazni Lecturer of Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Andalas Master degree student of Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Andalas Lecturer of Study Program of Civil Engineering Universitas Dharma Andalas

There are many bridges that need to be maintained in a provincial road network, with limited funds for bridge maintenance, many bridge criteria (average daily traffic, economic benefits, fund budget, technical conditions, bridge hierarchy, spatial planning, flood potential, type of damage, erosion potential, age and surface concrete, etc.), and various levels of conditions, are a number of criteria that are taken into account in the decision making by the government as an institution responsible for the functioning of roads and bridges. The selection of bridge maintenance priorities in West Sumatra Province was decided through a coordination meeting between agencies, and sometimes relatively without going through sufficient technical analysis. This research initiated, the selected criteria to be taken into consideration, the order of the important criteria in the selected network segment. This study involved a number of road and bridge maintenance experts at the Ministry of Public Works, Road and Bridge Research and Development Institutions, as well as the Department of Public Works and Spatial Planning of West Sumatra Province. A combination of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (to determine weighted criteria) and VIKOR-Modification methods (to determine the order of choice of bridges to be handled) are selected. There are eight criteria that can be used in determining the priority of bridge maintenance, and the priority sequence of the most important are: bridge technical conditions, aging of the bridge, average daily traffic, economic benefits, road function, budget, disaster risk (Flood, Landslides, Tsunamis) and Spatial Plans.

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