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Effect of Ozonation and Biotreatment on Molecular Size and Hydrophilic Fractions of Natural Organic Matter

ACS Symposium Series 1996年第649期649卷 196-196页

作者： Koechling, M. T. Shukairy, H. M. Scott Summers, R. Department of Civil Engineering University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221-0071 P.O. Box 210071 United States Post Graduate Research Program Oak Ridge Inst. for Sci./Education U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati OH 45268 26 West Martin Luther King Drive United States

The impact of ozonation and ozonation combined with biotreatment on the molecular size (MS) distribution, hydrophilicity, chlorine reactivity and chemical composition of a groundwater natural organic matter was investigated. Chlorination of isolated fractions was conducted under constant precursor concentrations and chlorination conditions. In the untreated solution, the <1K MS fraction was the most reactive to chlorination, and the nonhumic fraction showed the highest bromine incorporation. Ozonation caused a shift to smaller MS and hydrophilic fractions, and from a polyaromatic nature to a polysaccharidal and proteinaecous nature, as measured by pyrolysis-GC/MS analyses, but did not affect the disinfection by-product (DBP) specific yield in the larger MS fractions. It did cause a shift towards more bromosubstituted DBFs. Subsequent biotreatment was most effective in dissolved organic carbon removal for the <1K MS fraction, but did not exhibit selective DBF precursor removal in any fraction.

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Effect of Method and Duration of Curing on the Compressive Strength of the Lime-Fly Ash Geopolymer Concrete

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第1期1594卷

作者： Andi Arham Adam Sri Nur Akifa Atur P.N. Siregar Mustofa Department of Civil Engineering Tadulako University Post-Graduate Program Tadulako University Department of Mechanical Engineering Tadulako University

The use of lime to produce ambient cured Geopolymer concrete is one of a practical solution to avoid heat curing in the production of geopolymer concrete. The addition of lime in the geopolymer system will add another hardened mechanism, i.e. hydration in addition to condensation-polymerisation. This research aims to determine the influence of air and water curing on the strength of geopolymer concrete which uses class F fly ash and lime as raw materials. The geopolymer concrete was produced by varying the activator (sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide) with the variation of the activator to binder ratio of 0.45, 0.50, 0.55, and 0.60. Five per cent of the fly ash was replaced by slaked lime and the water added to the mix to maintain the ratio of water to solid (activator + binder) to 0.32. The test specimens were 100 mm dia x 200 mm height cylinder. Water-immersion curing was performed for 7, 14, and 21 days and the compressive strength test was done at 28 days. The results show that there is a difference in the curing process between the geopolymer concrete and the normal concrete. In the geopolymer concrete, there is a decrease in compressive strength if soaked for seven days and recovered with the increase in the age of immersion. Whereas for normal concrete, the compressive strength continues to increase with increasing age of immersion.

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Visual assessment deterioration analysis of runways at Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan Airport Balikpapan

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2019年第1期2114卷

作者： Yanti Sri Sunarjono Agus Riyanto Nurul Hidayati Alfia Magfirona 1Civil Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Surakarta Central Java Indonesia

Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan (SAMS) Airport has an important role as the gateway of economic activity in Balikpapan, East Kalimantan. Elements of the airport consist of runways, taxiway, apron and the terminal building of departure and arrival. The runway has an important role as a key element in airport infrastructure, this is related to aircraft and passenger safety in air traffic at SAMS Airport, which is currently one of the best airports in Indonesia that meets the International Standard qualification. The purpose of this study is to perform visual assessment of runway deterioration at SAMS Airport using PCI (Pavement Condition Index) method, to know the factors affecting runway deterioration and the effective distress treatment to overcome deterioration at a runway. The visual assessment data are collected from PT. Angkasa Pura I (Persero) Sepinggan, by measuring the types and area of deterioration occurring on the runway during 1-month period (in September 2018), then PCI is analyzed by using ASTM D 5340 – 98. The results show that the PCI value is 80.4 which means the rating is excellent. The most common typical distress occurred at Threshold Runway 25 section 1 with the type of distress is block cracking which mainly caused by asphalt concrete shrinkage and daily temperature condition resulting in stress or strain series, another type is depression initially caused by the settlement from the soil foundation or construction process. Since PCI shows excellent state, the distress repair treatment to be performed is surface repair or routine maintenance with partial mill and overlay method.

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The impact of copper oxide nanoparticles reinforced nanocellulose acetate membrane on antibacterial and dye removal Potency

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Results in engineering 2024年 23卷

作者： Yanuhar, Uun Suryanto, Heru Amin, Muhamad Maulana, Jibril Mohamad Lal, Mohammad Tamrin Caesar, Nico Rahman Study Program of Aquatic Resources Management Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Universitas Brawijaya East Java Indonesia Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Malang Jl. Semarang 5 Malang65145 Indonesia Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga Jl. Dharmahusada Permai Surabaya60115 Indonesia Borneo Marine Research Institute Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS Sabah Kota Kinabalu88400 Malaysia Doctoral Program of Environment Science Post Graduate Program Universitas Brawijaya Jalan Veteran East Java Malang65145 Indonesia

With the rapid growth of the textile, leather, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries, concerns about pollutants in these sectors, especially dye pollutants, are increasing. This research characterizes bacterial nanocellulose acetate membranes made from Sargassum extract reinforced with copper oxide nanoparticles and tests their antibacterial properties and dye removal in water. Sargassum sp. extract was fermented using Acetobacter xylinum for 10 days, producing bacterial nanocellulose, which was then esterified to create bacterial nanocellulose acetate. Copper oxide nanoparticles were added to the bacterial nanocellulose acetate solution in varying concentrations, cast, and oven-dried. The membrane was analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, antibacterial activity, and dye removal. Results showed uniform copper oxide nanoparticles distribution on the membrane surface. Structure analysis revealed diffraction peaks at 35.44° and 38.57°, indicating a reduced crystalline index but improved membrane effectiveness. Antibacterial tests showed a zone of inhibition against bacterial growth, increasing with higher copper oxide nanoparticle content. The addition of copper oxide nanoparticles also influenced the dye removal capacity for Metanil Yellow, Congo Red, Eosin Yellow, Methylene Blue, and Malachite Green. The kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption process follows a pseudo-first-order model, with higher correlation coefficients (R2) compared to the pseudo-second-order model. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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The effect of reinforcement ratio of hibiscus skin with a resin coating on lightweight concrete beam under bending

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2609卷

作者： Rahadian Bagiartha Ni Nyoman Kencanawati Suryawan Murtiadi Shofia Rawiana Suparjo 1Post Graduate Program of Civil Engineering Mataram University Mataram Indonesia 2Civil Engineering Department Mataram University Mataram Indonesia

The use of natural fibers as an alternative of reinforcement for the structure of light weight concrete beam is highly encouraging. The use of natural fiber was chosen because of its easy availability; easy to process, abundant in number, renewable, inexpensive, and relatively high tensile strength. Indeed, it is an environmentally friendly material. One of natural fiber is skin of hibiscus. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate the effect of reinforcement ratio of hibiscus skin with a resin coating towards the flexural strength of light concrete beam. This study was conducted at Laboratory Structures and Materials, Mataram University. The dimensions of concrete beams were 15× 20× 150 cm and the variation of tensile reinforcement from hibiscus skin were 3, 6, and 8 with a diameter of 12 mm. In addition, the ratio of reinforcement was 0,014; 0,031; and 0,046. The yield strength of hibiscus skin with a resin coating in tension was 43,67 MPa. Furthermore, the largest ultimate load (Pu) for the ratio reinforcement of 0,014; 0,031; and 0,046 were 7,564 kN, 12,811 kN, and 14,19 kN respectively. Meanwhile, the ultimate moments (Mu) were 2,125 kNm, 3,125 kNm and 3,625 kNm for for the ratio reinforcement of 0,014; 0,031; and 0,046 respectively. Therefore, the greater the ratio of the reinforcement results the higher of the load resistance. Thus, the hibiscus reinforcement has the ability to increase the beam resistance against the flexural load.

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Role Analysis and Mandor Functions on Bridge and Building Construction Projects in District Ogan Komering Ulu

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第8期1198卷

作者： R Vrayudha M Iqbal M Foralisa Student of Graduate Program of Civil Engineering Field of Main Study Infrastructure Management Faculty of Engineering Sriwijaya University Palembang Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Sriwijaya University Palembang

The foreman as one of key factors in the success of construction activities, but in reality the role and function of the foreman has not been effective. The aims to identify the description of the role and function of the foreman in the organization of the construction project and information about owner's satisfaction. The population is all owner, contractor, and workman who work in bridge and building construction project in Ogan Komering Ulu. The approach of this study using a quantitative approach that is by survey with questionnaires. Data processing is done by using likert scale by giving value on each answer choice. After that was analyzed with SPSS version 20 computer program. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between project the expectant owner's level of 4.54 ('always' expected) greater than the owner's satisfaction 4.16 (satisfactory) with the role of the foreman on bridge and building project. There was a significant difference between owner's expectation of 4.59 ('always' expected) greater than the owner's satisfaction 4.30 (satisfactory) with the foreman's function. It is the importance of the role and function of the foreman so that it's necessary to increase the competence of foreman and formulate more effective working agreement mechanism.

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Development of Maintenance System Procedure Governor Office Building South Sumatera Province

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第8期1198卷

作者： Andriansyah Maulid Iqbal Mona Foralisa Student of Graduate Program of Civil Engineering Field of Main Study Infrastructure Management Faculty of Engineering Sriwijaya University Palembang Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Sriwijaya University Palembang

Building management strategically covers each of the existing organizational units and works together to achieve one goal. The issue of asset management is a problem that is often found in a company, education or government agency, to support every activity of a well-organized asset management building. The maintenance activities of the Governor's Office building run by the General Bureau and Building Sub-Maintenance Sub-Section are now quite good. But in running the maintenance activities to run smoothly of course must be supported by a system capable of supporting these activities. Problems that occur mechanism of maintenance system of South Sumatera Governor Office building is unstructured, executed manually and not well recorded so that if there is maintenance action takes a long time and sometimes not right target. The objective of the study is to develop the Governor's Office Building Maintenance Procedure. Evaluation of maintenance system from activity aspect that is organizational structure, procedure, form and evaluation of user satisfaction aspect with performance variable, information, economics, supervision, efficiency, service then develops Governor Office Building Maintenance Procedure. It is expected that the development of appropriate building maintenance system procedures, effective and efficient to assist the maintenance activities of South Sumatra Governor's office building.

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A Review of Netzero Energy Buildings in Brazil

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Matana Júnior, Sidnei Frandoloso, Marcos Antonio Leite Brião, Vandré Barbosa Universidade de Passo Fundo Post-Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering Campus I BR 285 km 292.7 B. Passo Fundo/RS São José99052-900 Brazil Campus I BR 285 km 292.7 B. Passo Fundo/RS São José99052-900 Brazil

Buildings are relevant electricity consumers, and projections of increased demand until 2040, leading to the necessary actions aimed at energy efficiency, consumption reduction, and the transition to a renewable energy matrix. The 2030 Agenda addresses these subjects, and this context is inserted in the concept of Netzero Energy Buildings (NZEB). The concept combines consumption reduction and its compensation with renewable energy. The main objective of this present study is to establish an overview of NZEB in Brazil and to identify the strategies adopted by these buildings. A survey of strategies was carried out based on the buildings certified by the Green Building Council Brazil, available on the companies, designers, and contractors’ websites. In Brazil, there are 75 buildings in the certification process, and 21 have already proven their self-sufficiency, evidencing the use of solutions to reduce consumption, such as lighting and efficient equipment and passive architecture strategies. The research has identified the photovoltaic solar energy predominance as a strategy for NZEB. Brazil presents a favorable scenario for the NZEBs expansion due to climatic characteristics and public policies that contribute to meeting the Sustainable Development Goal 7, objectives scenario that is sub-exploited nowadays. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Analytical model of retrofitted reinforced concrete beam column joints after experiencing severe damage from earthquake load simulation using SAP2000

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期508卷

作者： N Gosal I Imran M Riyansyah Post Graduate Program of Faculty of Civil Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology 40132 Bandung Indonesia Structural Engineering Department Faculty of Civil Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology 40132 Bandung Indonesia

An earthquake resistant structure should be able to perform as expected when it's struck by an earthquake such as it may experience slight damage and should be able to be repaired to its original state when struck by a design level earthquake. However, there are still debates whether reparation should also be viable when structures are experiencing severe damage. There are still a little to no studies about repairing severely damaged structures, therefore a study was made to see how severely damaged structures behaved after being repaired. Two beam column joints are used as specimens, which were severely damaged by an earthquake simulation before getting repaired. Both their initial and repaired condition are then modeled analytically using SAP2000. Their behaviors such as plastic hinges, joint's shear deformation, bond slip, and rebars' residual strain and stress due to previous loading are also implemented to the model. Although the lateral strength of the specimens are similar to their analytical model, the other behavior, especially their stiffness is not similar, therefore needing another parameter implemented in the model.

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Spatial pattern of sediment transport for analysis of precipitation direction and magnitude in the upper Lematang river sub-basin

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019年第1期389卷

作者： Sarino Agus Lestari Yuono DA Putranto Dinar Civil Engineering and Planning Study Program Faculty of Engineering University of Sriwijaya. Jl. Raya Inderalaya Km. 32 Inderalaya Ogan Ilir Regency South Sumatera Province Indonesia Civil Engineering Post Graduate Study Program Faculty of Engineering University of Sriwijaya. Jl. R. Soeprapto Bukit Besar Palembang City South Sumatera Province Indonesia

The high level of erosion that occur in Musi river basin has improved a tremendous impact on sedimentation in downstream areas and has resulted in many infrastructure of water is disturbed, such as silting of irrigation channels, siltation of rivers which disrupt the flow of transport stream and increasing the risk of flooding, high sedimentation in the port basin, low quality of water and the rising costs of water treatment. This study utilizes techniques terrain models Digital (Digital Elevation Model/DEM) to analysis the spatial distribution of the potential for erosion and sources of sedimentation, as well as the direction of the flow of sediment into channels as well as its relationship with outlet in branching river as the supplies to be sediment to the river flow. The method used in this study using a spatial model analysis with the help of GIS in analysing and presenting the level of erosion and deposition by utilizing modelling slope and kinetic energy of rainfall to estimate the index erosivity and distribution pattern of sediment into the river channel. This research was conducted at the upper Lematang river sub basin with area 412,638 Ha, which are classified into 11 sub-chatments with the highest altitude is 3.159 m above sea level (Dempo Valley) and the lowest is 126 m above sea level (Talang tinggi Valley). Analytical results have been tested by taking a fine sediment sampling in each sub-watershed in the analysis and is taken along the channel network and compare the observed patterns with the results predicted by the model analysis of soil erosion. Overall, erosion by high intensity tends to occur in the relationship between the different vegetation coverage, the barren land and open land used for farms and land used for mining. Approximately 45-65.5% slope bad condition because the vegetation has been open, so it can be seen the amount of erosion in the area is 2.139 ton/ha/year, at the sloping is 1.8239 ton / ha / year

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