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16th Asian Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering, ARC 2019

作者： Gouw, Tjie-Liong Gunawan, A. Civil Engineering Post Graduate Study Universitas Katolik Parahyangan Jalan Merdeka No. 30 Bandung Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jalan Kyai Haji Syahdan No. 9 Jakarta11520 Indonesia

Vibrocompaction is one of the suitable methods to improve liquefiable sand layer. Due to the relatively young age of this technology in Asia, not many engineers are familiar with vibrocompaction design techniques. This paper aims to provide design guidelines for practicing engineers on vibrocompaction. The paper covers the vibrocompaction working principles, its different types, its applicability to soil types, as well as its design and execution methods. Two case studies are presented. The first case study was the application of vibroflotation to compact reclaimed sand up to 17 m thick in Batam, an island nearby Singapore. The reclamation process caused the upper 3 m of sand above the seawater level reached dense condition inducing difficulty for the vibroflot to penetrate and densifying the loose sand below it. The solution to overcome this difficulty is discussed in this paper. The second case study was the densification of 12m thick loose silty fine sand in East Borneo to prevent differential settlement of a 44 m diameter oil tank to be constructed on the site. On this site, a problem was encountered during backfilling, the backfill material could not flow out of the probe. The solution to this problem, and other problems encountered during execution of the project are presented. Conclusions and recommendations drawn from the case studies are presented. Copyright © Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering, ARC *** rights reserved.

关键词： Sand

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Influence of chord stresses on the strength of RHS joints 9

Influence of chord stresses on the strength of RHS joints

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9th International Conference on Advances in Steel Structures, ICASS 2018

作者： Mendes, Flávio F. de Lima, Luciano R.O. da Vellasco, Pedro C. G. S. Rodrigues, Monique C. Neves, Luis F.C. PGECIV - Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Program UERJ - State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Structural Engineering Department UERJ - State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil INESCC Civil Engineering Department University of Coimbra Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9889914093

Extensive work has been performed to address the technological and design issues of tubular joints in the last decades. Several international design codes and recommendations explicitly cover the design of tubular joints such as Eurocode 3, ISO14346 and NBR16239. Experimental results on the influence of the chord stresses over the brace load capacity have been published in the literature. These results showed that compressive chord stresses considerably reduce the joint resistance. However, very few studies indicated the same reduction in load carrying capacity for joints under the action of chord tensile forces. To investigate this influence, an experimental program comprising thirteen tests was carried out, i.e. tests without chord axial forces;tests with compressive chord forces;and other ones with tensile chord forces. The obtained results were compared to the design provisions. This assessment indicated that the results obtained for chords without axial forces and with compressive forces, in experiments were safe when compared to the values predicted by all the investigated standards. On the other hand, the results associated with cases with chord tension forces proved to be conservative. Copyright © 2018 by The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction.

关键词： Software testing

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The effect of reinforcement ratio of hibiscus skin with a resin coating on lightweight concrete beam under bending

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2609卷

作者： Rahadian Bagiartha Ni Nyoman Kencanawati Suryawan Murtiadi Shofia Rawiana Suparjo 1Post Graduate Program of Civil Engineering Mataram University Mataram Indonesia 2Civil Engineering Department Mataram University Mataram Indonesia

The use of natural fibers as an alternative of reinforcement for the structure of light weight concrete beam is highly encouraging. The use of natural fiber was chosen because of its easy availability; easy to process, abundant in number, renewable, inexpensive, and relatively high tensile strength. Indeed, it is an environmentally friendly material. One of natural fiber is skin of hibiscus. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate the effect of reinforcement ratio of hibiscus skin with a resin coating towards the flexural strength of light concrete beam. This study was conducted at Laboratory Structures and Materials, Mataram University. The dimensions of concrete beams were 15× 20× 150 cm and the variation of tensile reinforcement from hibiscus skin were 3, 6, and 8 with a diameter of 12 mm. In addition, the ratio of reinforcement was 0,014; 0,031; and 0,046. The yield strength of hibiscus skin with a resin coating in tension was 43,67 MPa. Furthermore, the largest ultimate load (Pu) for the ratio reinforcement of 0,014; 0,031; and 0,046 were 7,564 kN, 12,811 kN, and 14,19 kN respectively. Meanwhile, the ultimate moments (Mu) were 2,125 kNm, 3,125 kNm and 3,625 kNm for for the ratio reinforcement of 0,014; 0,031; and 0,046 respectively. Therefore, the greater the ratio of the reinforcement results the higher of the load resistance. Thus, the hibiscus reinforcement has the ability to increase the beam resistance against the flexural load.

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Experimental evaluation of composite tubular columns CFDST (Stainless steel-concrete-carbon steel) 9

Experimental evaluation of composite tubular columns CFDST (...

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9th International Conference on Advances in Steel Structures, ICASS 2018

作者： Rodrigues, Pedro F. da Vellasco, Pedro C. G. S. de Lima, Luciano R.O. da Silva, André T. Rodrigues, Monique C. Sarmanho, Arlene M.C. Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Program State University of Rio de Janeiro UERJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Structural Engineering Department State University of Rio de Janeiro UERJ Brazil Civil Engineering Department Federal University of Ouro Preto UFOP Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9889914093

This paper is centred on the structural response of double skin composite columns made of two concentric tubes of stainless and carbon steels filled with concrete. These structural solutions can be used in new structures or even in cases where a reinforcement or retrofit is required to enhance their corrosion resistances or structural capacities. An experimental programme was conducted to investigate this innovative structural system by means of comparisons to standard concrete encased tubular steel stub columns. The experimental results widened their applications to cases where a high reserve of post-collapse resistance is required like in seismic design. An assessment of the Eurocode 4 predictions for these tubular columns indicated the design prediction formulae are too conservative, partly explained by the lack of consistent numerical and experimental results that could enable a better design calibration. Copyright © 2018 by The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction.

关键词： Tubular steel structures

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A Review of Netzero Energy Buildings in Brazil

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Matana Júnior, Sidnei Frandoloso, Marcos Antonio Leite Brião, Vandré Barbosa Universidade de Passo Fundo Post-Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering Campus I BR 285 km 292.7 B. Passo Fundo/RS São José99052-900 Brazil Campus I BR 285 km 292.7 B. Passo Fundo/RS São José99052-900 Brazil

Buildings are relevant electricity consumers, and projections of increased demand until 2040, leading to the necessary actions aimed at energy efficiency, consumption reduction, and the transition to a renewable energy matrix. The 2030 Agenda addresses these subjects, and this context is inserted in the concept of Netzero Energy Buildings (NZEB). The concept combines consumption reduction and its compensation with renewable energy. The main objective of this present study is to establish an overview of NZEB in Brazil and to identify the strategies adopted by these buildings. A survey of strategies was carried out based on the buildings certified by the Green Building Council Brazil, available on the companies, designers, and contractors’ websites. In Brazil, there are 75 buildings in the certification process, and 21 have already proven their self-sufficiency, evidencing the use of solutions to reduce consumption, such as lighting and efficient equipment and passive architecture strategies. The research has identified the photovoltaic solar energy predominance as a strategy for NZEB. Brazil presents a favorable scenario for the NZEBs expansion due to climatic characteristics and public policies that contribute to meeting the Sustainable Development Goal 7, objectives scenario that is sub-exploited nowadays. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Sugarcane bagasse ash-portland composite cement blended in paving blocks production for effective resource utilization between sugar and construction industries

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3110卷

作者： Parea Rusan Rangan Miswar Tumpu Yohans Sunarno Mansyur Mansyur Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Christian University of Indonesia Toraja Indonesia Disaster Management Study Program The Graduate School Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering SembilanBelas November University Kolaka Indonesia

This study examines the compressive strength and water absorption of sugarcane bagasse ash, an ingredient in the manufacture of paving blocks. The technique employed was lab experiment printouts that were 20 10 8 cm in size. In this investigation, the addition variations consisted of 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%. In this investigation, test ages of 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days were used, using a cement to sands ratio of 1:4. Using SNI-03-0691-1996 with reference to paving blocks. According to an analysis of the compressive strength test results at 28 days, the addition of 2.5% bagasse ash of 23.64 MPa produced the highest compressive strength, and the addition of 7.5% bagasse ash with of 18.43 MPa produced the lowest compressive strength. The test specimens with the addition of 10% bagasse ash showed the highest water absorption in the 28-days of 6.57%; in contrast, the test specimens with the addition of 2.5% bagasse ash showed the lowest water absorption of 3.27%. Any variation of the mixture that has samples that are 28 days and have a water absorption value of up to 6% meets the requirements of SNI-03-0691-1996 paving block quality B.

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Evaluating sustainable efficiency: A study on transportation systems in South America using data envelopment analysis

Latin American Transport Studies

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Latin American Transport Studies 2024年 2卷

作者： Hélio da Silva Queiroz Júnior Marcos Araújo de Souza Celestino Viviane Adriano Falcão Francisco Gildemir Ferreira da Silva Maurício de Oliveira Andrade Anísio Brasileiro Department of Civil Engineering Civil Engineering Post-Graduation Program Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Pernambuco 50670-420 Brazil Economy Graduate Program (Caen/UFC) Federal University of Ceará - UFC Fortaleza Ceará 60020-181 Brazil Graduate Program in Transport (PPGT/UnB) University of Brasilia Brasília DF 70.919-970 Brazil

The transport sector is pivotal in fostering economic growth and environmental sustainability. Extensive research has scrutinized various transportation modes individually, yet a holistic assessment encompassing all modes while considering CO2 emissions needs to be more conspicuously present. Our study employs Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to evaluate the efficacy of transportation policies in South American nations in the context of United Nations-established sustainable development goals. Our overarching objective is to classify the sustainability status of South American countries' transport sectors and to establish benchmark models rooted in the six dimensions of sustainability. Methodologically, our analysis integrates operational transportation metrics, Gross Domestic Product per capita, Human Development Index, and CO2 emissions from transportation systems. Additionally, we draw comparative insights by juxtaposing South American countries against the G8 and BRICS nations. The rigorous application of DEA coupled with bootstrap validation fortifies the reliability of our findings. Our results bring to light these findings, positioning South American countries closer to their developed counterparts. Notably, the sustainable development models of Chile and Uruguay emerge as prominent exemplars. This study underscores the pressing demand for holistic and integrated development strategies to attain more sustainable outcomes across South American nations in a faster way. In conclusion, our research fills a conspicuous void in the extant literature by furnishing a comprehensive evaluation of transportation policy performance in South America. Based on a robust methodology, this empirical evidence offers valuable insights for policymakers striving to advance sustainable regional development.

关键词： Sustainable Efficiency South America Transportation Emissions CO2 Data Envelopment Analysis

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Combination of river stone and river sand in North Luwu district, Indonesia with marble ash as filler towards marshall characteristics

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3110卷

作者： Parea Rusan Rangan Miswar Tumpu Mansyur Mansyur Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Christian University of Indonesia Toraja Indonesia Disaster Management Study Program The Graduate School Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering SembilanBelas November University Kolaka Indonesia

The AC-BC (Asphalt Concrete-Binder Course) pavement layer is a middle layer that sits above the AC base and beneath the wear layer. To be used in this study were the river stone and river sand, Sabbang District, and North Luwu Regency in Mixed Laston AC-BC. With varying marble ash contents of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%, experiments were conducted on the characteristics of coarse and fine aggregate as well as marble ash as a filler substitute. The composition of the AC-BC mixture was then designed, the mix properties were determined by the Marshall test, and the Marshall stability residual mix at the optimal bitumen concentration was determined by the Marshall immersion test. The findings demonstrated that the pavement materials, located in Sabbang District, North Luwu Regency, meet the requirements for use as road pavement layer materials. The characteristics of the AC-BC combination with asphalt contents of 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, and 7.0% were determined by the Marshall Test. The results of the Marshall Immersion test for the AC-BC mixture with an ideal bitumen content of 6.00% produced a residual Marshall stability of 96.5%, fulfilling the Indonesian requirement of 2018 Bina Marga Specifications, which is a minimum of 90%.

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study of the effect of soluble silicates (waterglass) and limestone on the compressive strength test, cohesion and modulus of soil stiffness

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3110卷

In order to sustain the construction of a building, soil stability is crucial. In this study, clay soil had waterglass and limestone added to it. Given the current state of the soil, the researchers attempted to improve it by adding an activator, specifically limestone and waterglass, as an addition. This study will keep track of the soil’s compressive strength after it has been activated with waterglass and limestone. The waterglass variation is 7% of the overall weight, while the variations for the limestone mix are 5%, 10%, and 15%. According to the test results, the soil has a compressive strength of 0.86 kg/cm2, making it unsuitable for use as subgrade soil. The test findings showed that after adding waterglass activator and limestone, the compressive strength value of the free rose. As can be observed, adding 5%, 10%, 15% limestone and 7% waterglass and curing the mixture for a day resulted in unconfined compressive strength values of 4.82 kg/cm2, 6.76 kg/cm2, and 7.48 kg/cm2, respectively. The compressive strength measurements after 3 days of curing were 7.13 kg/cm2, 7.55 kg/cm2, and 11.24 kg/cm2, respectively. These findings suggest that adding waterglass activators and limestone can strengthen soil.

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Pulmonary Disease Pattern Recognition on X-Ray Radiography Image Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Method 3

Pulmonary Disease Pattern Recognition on X-Ray Radiography I...

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3rd Annual Scientific Meeting on Medical Physics and Biophysics, PIT-FMB in conjunction with the 17th South-East Asia Congress of Medical Physics, SEACOMP 2019

作者： Fitriyah, N. Kurniawati, L.D. Purwanti, E. Astuti, S.D. Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Biomedical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Department of Biomedical Engineering Post-Graduate Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia

This research aims to recognize the pattern of pulmonary disease on x-ray radiography image using artificial neural network (ANN) method. The images, which were used such as images of healthy pulmonary, pulmonary tuberculosis, and pulmonary tumour. Pattern recognition was using an extraction feature of GLCM (Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix) and back propagation method. Before being identified, the images were processed by median filter and adaptive histogram equalization. The GLCM features that used were homogeneity, energy, contrast, variance and correlation. The parameters were learning rate and hidden layer. Learning rate was 0.3 and hidden layer was 25. Back propagation training showed 100% accuracy, which all of 44 images were used had been successfully identified. From the result, the healthy pulmonary showed 60% accuracy, 83.3% for pulmonary tuberculosis and 100% for pulmonary tumor. Hence, the overall result showed 81.25% accuracy, which 13 of 16 images had been successfully identified. From these result, extraction feature of GLCM using back propagation method was capable to recognize the pattern of pulmonary disease. However, due to narrow range of the feature, this application may not be used optimally for comparing features in every category of images. Therefore, the further research is needed to determine the best features and parameters of training back propagation. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Pattern recognition

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