The research was conducted in the coastal area of Palu Bay, Lere Village. Data were collected using observation, interviews, and literature study techniques. The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive method...
The research was conducted in the coastal area of Palu Bay, Lere Village. Data were collected using observation, interviews, and literature study techniques. The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods and focused on the concept of the design of the tsunami evacuation building on the coast of Palu Bay. Data analysis was carried out to obtain an overview of the problems that occurred at the planning location which was analyzed with the concept of architectural design by considering the existing conditions of the site and the surrounding environment, as well as utilizing the potential of the site so that it has the potential for building functions. The conclusion obtained is based on the results of data analysis, it is necessary to have a building that can function as an evacuation container for the community when a disaster occurs in the coastal area of Palu Bay, thereby reducing the number of casualties. The benefit of this research is that it is a solution for local people to save themselves when the tsunami disaster.
Air-gasification converts biomass using air into combustible gaseous components which also known as producer gas. The combustion of those gases provides energy for any purposes. In an asphalt mixing plant, this techno...
Air-gasification converts biomass using air into combustible gaseous components which also known as producer gas. The combustion of those gases provides energy for any purposes. In an asphalt mixing plant, this technology is implemented using palm kernel shell as feedstock to generate heat for aggregate heating as a part of hot-mixed asphalt production. Both Cold Gas Efficiency (CGE) and Carbon Conversion Efficiency (CCE) are the common performance indicators of such process. This study examines a performance of an updraft fixed-bed gasifier to convert the shell into producer gas in supplying heat for increasing aggregate temperature from ambient to about 145 – 165°C at capacity of 800 kg/min. The feedstock flowrate was set at 990 kg/hour and equivalence ratios were varied at 0.04, 0.05 and 0.08. Because the gasification reactions were in equilibrium, the producer gas composition for calculating the CGE was predicted using thermodynamic model with minimizing Gibbs free energy. The feedstock and solid residue of the process were analysed to determine the carbon content for calculating the CCE. It is indicated that the performance of the gasification operation for supplying heat in an asphalt mixing plant is limited by operating conditions.
Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L) contains many phytochemical compounds that are beneficial to human health, one of which is incorporated in the group of phenolic compounds. Generally, the extraction process ...
Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L) contains many phytochemical compounds that are beneficial to human health, one of which is incorporated in the group of phenolic compounds. Generally, the extraction process of an organic compound requires heat and takes a relatively long time. Therefore, the application of the ultrasonic method for the extraction of butterfly pea flower is studied. This study aims to obtain the best-operating conditions in the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of the phenolic compound of the butterfly pea flower. The optimization of operating conditions during the extraction process was performed by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with the application of Design Expert 10 software. The results of the optimum operating conditions are 62,063 ml/g of solvent and flower ratio, 60% ultrasonic power output, and 15 minutes of extraction time. These operating conditions result in 55.834 ml of extract, 0.874 mg/ml of total phenolic content (TPC), and 10.42 mg/l of total anthocyanins (TA).
Economic and environmental benefits gain from the recycling of old pavement promotes the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in the road construction and rehabilitation. However, high production temperature due to...
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In this work, we develop a hybrid phase-field modeling approach, enhanced by a higher-order nonlocal operator method (NOM) to simulate dynamic brittle fracture in fiber-reinforced composites. This approach captures dy...
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Inundating a system, network, or application with traffic is the goal of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, a disruptive form of attack. SSL DoS attacks, particularly those involving renegotiation, are of particular con...
Inundating a system, network, or application with traffic is the goal of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, a disruptive form of attack. SSL DoS attacks, particularly those involving renegotiation, are of particular concern. In order to address these types of attacks, the study proposes several security measures, including rate restriction, session caching, SSL acceleration, and integrating Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) with a systematic technique method to reduce the risks associated with SSL renegotiation DoS attacks. This study investigates the security measures for preventing and mitigating SSL DoS attacks, with a focus on renegotiation attacks. It offers advice and insights for protecting systems to SSL server administrators and network security professionals by doing rate restriction, session caching, and SSL acceleration to avoid SSL DoS attacks.
The electricity load growth should be planned appropriately to meet energy demand in a certain area. Electricity consumption growth is generally proportional with the economic and population growth. Using historical d...
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Traffic in most developing nations is considered mixed or heterogeneous. Motorcycle and other vehicle's behavior at signalized intersections would not probably have a similar influence on intersection capacity and...
Traffic in most developing nations is considered mixed or heterogeneous. Motorcycle and other vehicle's behavior at signalized intersections would not probably have a similar influence on intersection capacity and time of the traffic signals. In theory, the saturation flow rate is a basic parameter to estimate the intersection capacity and time of the traffic signals. This study, therefore, aims to analyze the influence of motorcycle behavior on the saturation flow rate at signalized intersections in Denpasar, Bali. Traffic flow data are observed at four signalized intersection approaches that have similar width and traffic characteristics. Two approaches have exclusive stopping space for motorcycles (ESSM) while the other two do not. The study results show that more than 50% of motorcycles tend to be distributed beside flow at signalized intersections with ESSM on either light or dense traffic flows. In contrast, at the signalized intersections without ESSM, motorcycles are found to be distributed inside flow during low traffic conditions, while distributed beside flow during dense traffic flow. Besides, the saturation flow rates of motorcycle inside flow are less than that of beside flow at signalized intersections both with and without ESSM. A new method to estimate saturation flow is proposed.
Turmeric, particularly its most active ingredient, curcumin, has a long list of scientifically documented health advantages, including the ability to boost heart health and protect against a variety of diseases. Curcu...
Turmeric, particularly its most active ingredient, curcumin, has a long list of scientifically documented health advantages, including the ability to boost heart health and protect against a variety of diseases. Curcumin is one of the most important active components in turmeric, with a wide range of bioactivity and medicinal uses. Preparing samples from biological components is a time-consuming and difficult operation. This study aims to understand the process of extracting curcumin from turmeric and to analyze the appropriate solvent for curcumin extraction. The method used is Soxhlet extraction with acetone and ethanol as solvents. The analysis of curcumin content was carried out using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the curcumin extracted with acetone solvent had a higher concentration than the extraction with ethanol. Therefore, extracting curcumin from turmeric using the Soxhlet method, acetone is a superior solvent than ethanol.
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