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Design and development of pokayoke sensor mechanism using multi DOF motion for checking circlip installation onto output shaft: Automatic assembly line for 4W manual transmission at PT. Matahari Megah

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2680卷

作者： Agus Halim Kevin Raynaldo Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Tarumanagara Jalan Letjen S. Parman No. 1 Jakarta Barat 11440 Indonesia PT. Matahari Megah Jalan Raya Serang km 8.5 Kadu Jaya Tangerang Indonesia

Automatic assembly line of 4W manual transmission sub output for producing output shaft has either station which must be maintained the result quality. It is station OP 10 that is need quality assurance mechanism for checking circlip installation result because of very precise assembly process needs especially circlip thickness and shaft gap which have transition fit with firm tolerance. Hence, the probability for improper circlip installation process result may occur. Based on the problem, a pokayoke sensor mechanism as quality assurance for checking circlip installation result is designed. It must comply the space limitation in assembly line such that is designed by multi DOF thus it can adapt to the limitation. The objectives in this design project are to design pokayoke sensor mechanism and to develop the mechanism using multi DOF motion so it fulfils the requirement. Design method of the project consists of determination pokayoke mechanism, setting up control system and sensor, and pokayoke sensor performance test. The pokayoke has 6 spatial DOFs which makes checking precisely in limitation space. Furthermore, the pokayoke is integrated by PLC which input signals will produce quality of circlip installation result as output signal. It utilizes photoelectric sensor to detect light intensity which emits through gap between emitter and receiver. This signal will be used to determine whether the installation result is OK or NG. Then, pokayoke is able to detect the quality of three dummy circlips in the performance test accurately which refers to actual probability of circlip installation onto output shaft. It shows that the pokayoke is satisfied to be applied in assembly line.

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study of mercury concentration on the sediment at Tiabo river along 2019 and 2021

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2774卷

作者： Margaretha Tabita Tuny Kurnia Kurnia Budhy Kurniawan Joko Utomo Bayu Achil Sadjab Nurhasana Siregar Jonherz Stenly Patalatu Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural Science and Technology Universitas Halmahera Tobelo 97762 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Natural Science and Technology Universitas Halmahera Tobelo 97762 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Negeri Malang Malang 65145 Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Graha Nusantara Padang Sidempuan 22715 Indonesia Department of Elementary School Teacher Study Faculty of Elementary School Teacher Study Universitas Halmahera Tobelo 97762 Indonesia

Mercury waste from illegal mining was dumped into the Tiabo river body. Measurements of mercury concentrations in sediments have been carried out using purposive sampling methods in upstream, midstream, and downstream in 2019 and 2021. The sediment samples were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy using US EPA Method 200.2 1994. The Tiabo river in 2019 and 2021 was moderately polluted and unpolluted, respectively. The decreasing mercury concentration every year is due to the elimination of mining activity since 2020 by the government and the location of the hydrodynamics of the river. The Tiabo River is a river that has a strong current, so it is very likely that mercury in the water is carried away by currents Based on the results of the sediment test in 2021, no mercury was detected in the Tiabo river sediment. It is due to the mercury concentration in the sediment from the river current to the open sea.

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Comparison analysis of Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) between new toll road plan with existing road

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第2期1098卷

作者： M S D Cahyono L S B Wibowo Civil Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Widya Kartika University Jl. Sutorejo Prima Utara Ii No.1 Surabaya Indonesia

Transportation planning, as the design of infrastructure needs and transportation service for the existence of an area, is an important factor for growth and sustainability of a region. Nowadays, the increase of vehicle number is not followed by the extending of infrastructure road, resulting in traffic jam in certain roads. The congestion occurring causes the increase of travel time so it will interfere the productivity of various sectors. The purpose of this study was to determine the vehicle operating costs (VOC) by using the Pacific Consultant International (PCI) method. This PCI method consisted of fixed costs and variable costs, in which the results were added to find out the total vehicle operating costs (VOC) per vehicle and vehicle operating costs (VOC) per day. The results showed that the vehicle operating costs (VOC) via the toll road were smaller than the costs of the existing road. Operational costs of vehicles (VOC) of passenger cars, buses, and trucks that passed the existing road in the morning peak hours were IDR 10.120,88, IDR 23.803,97, and IDR 25366.62 sequentially, whereas if those groups of vehicles passing via the toll road, showed the price respectively IDR 7.107,93, IDR 19.434,12 and IDR 22.180,15.

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Formulation of pomade with atisiri oil pandan wangi leaves (pandanus amaryllifolius roxb.)

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1833卷

作者： I P Siregar N Marliati Cosmetology Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia

This research aims to: 1) know the formulation of pomade making from aromatic pandan wangi leaf essential oil, 2) know the characteristics of pomade from the essential oil of pandan wangi leaves, and 3) know the quality of pomade from the essential oil of fragrant pandan leaves, and 4) the anti-fungal activity of pomade from the essential oil of pandan wangi leaves. Research methods used by research and development (R&d) models. Formulation of pomade manufacture of pandan wangi leaf essential oil is carried out based on the results of research that produces a stable formula that is pomade with the appropriate quality SNI with the base of pomade type oil based and not petrol based with a concentration of 34% of the total weight of pomade. Pomade formula is added to the essential oil of pandan wangi leaves with different concentrations of 2.5% (formula 1), 5% (formula 2) and 7.5% (formula 3). The characteristics and quality of pomade are known from organoleptic and hedonic tests that 47% of respondents strongly agree with pomade has the aroma of essential oil of pandan wangi leaves, 52% of respondents strongly agree with the color of pomade in dark green, 45% of respondents strongly agree with the texture of pomade very smooth without any granules, the respondent's response after pomade is on a smooth impression as much as 90.56% and the impression is moist as much as 90.00%. Formula 1 to formula 3 provide homogeneous results. Formulas 1 through 3 have a pH balance with pH range of hair and oil on the scalp which is 5.5 between pH 4.5 -5.5. The largest antifungal activity is in formula 3 (essential oil content 7.5%) with an inhibithor zone diameter of 37 mm. This indicates that the greater the concentration of pandan wangi leaf essential oil, the stronger the antifungal activity against niger's Aspergillus.

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Water availability model based on system dynamic: Sadar sub-watershed case study

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期819卷

作者： ET Asmorowati D Sarasanty Study program of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Majapahit Islamic University Jl. Raya Jabon km 07 Mojokerto East Java Indonesia

Sadar Sub-watershed is one of 32 Brantas sub-watersheds located in the southern part of Mojokerto district and parts of the city of Mojokerto. Based on government regulation (PP) No 26 of 2008, Mojokerto is one of the national strategic areas from the point of view of economic interests. The National Strategic Area (KSN) with an economic interest point of view has an important role for national development, because these areas have the potential for a fast-growing economy and a leading sector capable of driving the national economy. This economic growth must be supported by the availability of various supporting facilities, one of which is the provision of clean water. The current condition of the existence of clean water is decreasing due to various reasons. The purpose of this research is to predict the availability of water in the future as a basis a water resources planning. The stages of the research are as follows: (1). Secondary data collection in the study. The data is used to calculate current water availability and predict future water availability. Primary data is in the form of interviews with groundwater users and experts. (2) Data Analysis. (3) Build the model of water availability in the study area. (4) Simulation of water availability in the study area under various scenario (5). Model validation. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of land-use change on water availability in the sub-basin. Water conservation scenarios can maintain water availability in the future.

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Textural characteristics of activated carbons derived from tabah bamboo manufactured by using H 3 PO 4 chemical activation

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 22卷 148-155页

作者： Dewa Ngakan Ketut Putra Negara Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia I Wayan Surata Fadjar Hidajat Made Sucipta Doctoral Study Program of Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Bali-80234 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering of Udayana University Jimbaran Badung Bali-80362 Indonesia PPPTMGB “Lemigas” Jl. Ciledug Raya Kav. 109 Jakarta Selatan 12230 Indonesia

Activated carbon utilization in a different application requires a specific characteristic. Textural characteristics such as pore volume (V P ), surface area (S A ), pore diameter (D P ) and pore size distribution (PSDs) have an important effect on the quality and utility of activated carbon. Such characteristics are attributed to the activated carbon adsorption capacity. This research is concerned to investigate the textural properties of activated carbons derived from tabah bamboo ( Gigantochloa nigrociliata ) which are chemically activated using H 3 PO 4 activating agent. Carbonization was carried out up to 800 O C for 1.5 hours. Activations were set up to 820 O C for each 50, 100 and 150 minutes. The activated carbons produced are expressed as AC-50min, AC-100min, and AC-150min each for activation during 50, 100, and 150 minutes. The results of the research show that the higher activation time produced activated carbons with higher pore volume and wider average pore diameter but no pattern was observed on the surface area. The highest surface area of 398.400 m 2 /g and the highest pore volume of 0.680 cc/g were achieved by AC-100min and AC-150min activated carbons, respectively. The highest N 2 adsorption capacity of 48.743 cc/g was achieved on the activated carbon of AC-150min. AC-50min, AC-100min, and AC-150min have average pore diameters, respectively, around of 1.258 nm, 1.750 nm, and 3.950 nm. AC-50min and AC-100min produced pores with a monomodal pore size distribution and a bimodal pore size distribution was found on AC-150min

关键词： Activated carbon bamboo chemical activation adsorption textural characteristic

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The developing hairpiece module of the students at vocational secondary schools

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1833卷

作者： N Marliati M Agrevinna Cosmetology Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the validity and effectiveness of the hairpiece module. The research method used is development or known as the Research and Development method. The stages in the research process are the analysis, design, development, implementation, and testing stages. Tests carried out in the form of validation were carried out by expert judgments or media and material experts, then the media was tested by students. The results of this study get the assessment of media experts in the very feasible category and material experts in the very feasible category. The results of student trials in small group trials were in the good category and large group trials were included in the good category. The analysis of the pre-test and post-test results showed a gain of 0.53 in the experimental group with moderate criteria and a gain of 0.42.

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UNP Extinct Metric for Bilih Fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis Bleeker) 1

UNP Extinct Metric for Bilih Fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis...

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1st International Conference on Environmental Sciences, ICES 2018

作者： Razak, Abdul Ganefri Barlian, Eri Dewata, Indang Biology Department FMIPA Universitas Negeri Padang Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Padang Indonesia Environmental Science Study Program Postgraduate Program Universitas Negeri Padang Indonesia

This paper write about UNP Extinc Metric. It is new approach and methods how to calculate extinc condition for wild animals especially bilih fish from Lake Singkarak. We introduce new criteria and ombine to seven categories from IUCN. For bilih fish we can calculate number extinc 49 and the meaning is endangered We conclude after that result we can conserve bilih fsh soon as soon for our life in biosfer. © 2019 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Fish

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The soil characteristics mapping of Pagar Alam City (A case study of North Pagar Alam District)

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期708卷

作者： G M Sang S H Permana Tarmizi Department of Civil Engineering Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya Palembang Civil Engineering Study Program Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Pagar Alam

Pagar Alam city is one of districts in South Sumatera province that has an area of ± 63,366 hectares (Monograph of the city of Pagaralam, 2013). So far, the people of Pagar Alam city, especially the north Pagar Alam district, have no reference to determine the soil type of its area; therefore this study carried out an analysis of the soil characteristics and conducted a mapping of its types of characteristics and the soil water content in the north Pagar Alam district.A geomap is a map that depicts existing image of the earth's surface which is represented on a flat surface in a certain projection. Geomapping is a process of measuring, calculating and depicting the earth's surface using certain methods. Soil is the surface layer of the earth that comes from parent material that has undergone an advanced process, due to natural changes under the influence of water, air, and various kinds of organisms, both living and dead (Dokuchaev 1870).After conducting 20 soil sample tests, it can be seen from the interpolated and overlayed sub-district map that the land in North Pagar Alam district has sandy silt soil where 19.69 km2 of the area has good grades of the soil and the other23.90 km2 of the area consists of poorly graded sand.

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Exploring non-conventional techniques in biodiesel production: A brief review

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Molecular Catalysis 2025年 584卷

作者： Didik Krisdiyanto Karna Wijaya Akhmad Syoufian Aldino Javier Saviola Riska Astin Fitria Puji Wahyuningsih Bayu Wiyantoko Remi Ayu Pratika Won-Chun Oh J.V. Shanmukha Kumar Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia Chemistry Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering Universitas Samudra Aceh 24354 Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta 55584 Indonesia Study Program of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Palangka Raya Palangka Raya 73111 Indonesia Department of Advanced Materials and Engineering Hanseo University Seosan-si Chungcheongnam-do 31962 Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram Guntur Andhra Pradesh 522502 India

Biodiesel represents a renewable and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, offering notable environmental advantages such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions, lower toxicity, and biodegradability. However, its conventional production, primarily via the transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats, faces considerable challenges, including high production costs, limited feedstock availability, energy intensive processes, and competition with food resources, all of which impede its large-scale implementation. This review critically evaluates the potential of emerging non-conventional feedstocks and production methods to address these limitations and enhance the overall feasibility of biodiesel. Alternative feedstocks such as waste cooking oil, lignocellulosic biomass, and microalgae are highlighted for their abundance, cost effectiveness, and minimal competition with food production, with microalgae particularly notable due to their rapid growth and high lipid content, making them a promising third generation source. Concurrently, advanced production technologies including enzymatic catalysis, supercritical fluids, microwave-assisted, ultrasound-assisted, and photothermal transesterification are examined for their capacity to increase reaction efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and process low quality feedstocks. Noteworthy advancements, such as microwave assisted systems that reduce reaction time by over 99 % and achieve biodiesel yields exceeding 96 % under ambient conditions, underscore the potential for industrial scale application. By comparing conventional and non-conventional approaches, this review underscores the pivotal role of innovation in overcoming technical and economic barriers, offering a comprehensive synthesis of recent developments to inform future research, industrial practices, and policy initiatives aimed at fostering a more sustainable biodiesel industry.

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