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Effect of Additive Chemicals on Soil Characteristics

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第5期1477卷

作者： Encu Sutarman Widjajani Estiyan Dwipriyoko Civil Engineering Study Program Engineering Faculty Universitas Langlangbuana Bandung Indonesia Industrial Engineering Study Program Engineering Faculty Universitas Langlangbuana Bandung Indonesia Informatics Study Program Engineering Faculty Universitas Langlangbuana Bandung Indonesia

The occurrence of landslides in the hills of Walahir, Kidang Pananjung village, Cililin subdistrict. Bandung in May 2004 needed attention and research so that the causes of the landslide could be identified. This landslide took many lives and property, heaped around 5 hectares of rice fields and residents' villages below and claimed 15 lives. Based on geotechnical investigations, the slip plane is at a depth of 4 meters from the ground surface and the area of the landslide ranges from 30,000 m2 leaving weathered rock beneath. Is the opening of agricultural land and fields followed by the use of chemical fertilizers is one of the causes of landslides? This study aims to determine the effect of a single chemical fertilizer (Urea, Za, SP36) and compound (Green Giant NPK, MKP) on the soil under conditions of optimum water content and water saturation or soaked which are carried out at the Chemical Laboratory of the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources of Bandung and Mechanics Laboratory Bandung Institute of Technology. Research on the influence of chemical fertilizers which is carried out using percentages of 1%, 2% and 3% with a relatively short ripening time intends to analyze the extent to which chemical fertilizers have an effect. Research is limited to the identification of minerals and chemical elements of original soil, soil physis properties, Atterberg boundaries, soil index properties, soil classification, soil elastic modulus. Hypothesis; The chemical content of fertilizers in the soil causes changes in soil characteristics. The method of taking original soil is by drilling original soil around the area where landslide disaster occurred at the same height as the height of the landslide slope, soil samples taken from depths of 1 meter and 3 meters from the surface of the land or the base layer between soil and rocks based on ASTM D-1452, 1587, 1586. Laboratory data from the original soil and chemical soil mixture of fertilizers is needed as input data for

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Analysis of land requirements of Temesi final disposal facility, Gianyar Regency with 3R waste management scenario

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期623卷

作者： G A W Sudiartha I W B Suyasa Environmental Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Udayana Indonesia Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences Universitas Udayana Indonesia

Based on waste generation projection in 2040, the total waste generation in Gianyar Regency was approximately about 1,208.88 m3/day from a total occupant of 593,436 inhabitants in Gianyar Regency. The existing supporting capacity of Temesi Final Disposal (Temesi Landfill) was 51,500 m3; meanwhile, the total waste generation in Gianyar Regency in 2020 is up to 146,356 m3 consequently Temesi Landfill was overloaded by untreated solid waste since 2020. To reduce waste generation and decrease the treatment burden in Temesi Landfill, solid waste management using 3R methods from household clusters needs to be applied. Using 3R concept, eventually, the waste generation that is disposed into Temesi Landfill can be reduced significantly by 63%, from 1,208.88 m3/day into 446 m3/day with a total weight of 148 tonne/day in 2040. Within the 3R waste management from households, the land requirement could be reduced to only 1.08 Ha in 2020 and 14.35 Ha in 2040 from previously about 3 Ha and 39 Ha. Within the forecast results, it is concluded that the upstream 3R scenario has a significant impact on reducing waste generation; thus, it will also lead to fewer landfill area demands.

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Automotive engineering chemistry module: Exploring acid base and electrochemistry topic in vehicle context 1

Automotive engineering chemistry module: Exploring acid base...

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1st International Conference of Chemistry 2018, ICCHEM 2018

作者： Febiana, H. Partana, C.F. Wiyarsi, A. Sulistyo, B. Study Program of Chemistry Education Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia Chemistry Education Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia Automotive Engineering Education Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia

The research purposed to analyze the characteristics of chemistry module on acid-base and electrochemistry topic based on vehicle context, to analyze the feasibility of module according to chemistry learning experts and to analyze the response of chemistry teachers and students of Automotive engineering program (AEP) about this module. This research using mixed methods and exploratory model design. The data collected from expert validation sheets also teachers and students response questionnaire. Technique of data analysis begins by converting qualitative data into quantitative data using Likert scales. Furthermore, the total and average score of each component can be determined from the quantitative data. The result of the average scores were converted into qualitative feasibility criteria according to the rating category. The product of the development was a chemistry module on acid-base and electrochemistry topic based on vehicle context for students in AEP. The experts considered feasibility of the module. This module had assessed by 5 teachers and 10 students. The module assessed by teachers showed a very good response while the module assessed by students showed a good response. Therefore, this module is feasible and can be used as a learning resource for students of AEP to enhance quality of chemistry learning. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Students

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Transmission of dengue hemorrhagic fever and climate variability in Jakarta 1

Transmission of dengue hemorrhagic fever and climate variabi...

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1st International Conference on Environmental Sciences, ICES 2018

作者： Kusnoputranto, Haryoto Maria Sintorini, Margareta Warno Utomo, Suyud Aliyyah, Nurusysyarifah Ria Kristina Sinaga, Epi Assetya Pratiwi, Okky Department of Environmental Health Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia Indonesia Environmental Engineering Faculty of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Technology Trisakti University Indonesia Public Health Study Program Institute of Health Indonesia Indonesia Environmental Health Study Program Institute of Health Indonesia Indonesia

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) has become an endemic in major cities in Indonesia. The climate change and poor level of awareness and knowledge of the community in Indonesia have caused an increase in the DHF cases. Outbreaks on January until April 2015, the morbidity rate reached 50.75. In 1996, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicted threefold increase in the dengue hemorrhagic fever incidents in Indonesia by 2070, if the environment and community conditions do not improve. This study aims to provide a dynamic model to predict the dynamics of the DHF incidents based on climate variability in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. The design of this study was ecologic study with hypothesis test, modelling, simulation, and intervention. In collecting the data, interview with respondents and measurement of climate variables were conducted. Interviews with respondents include the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour (PSP) of the community. Measurements of climate factors include rainfall, temperature, humidity and CO2 level in the ambient environment. The DHF system dynamics model simulation shows that the significant effect on the decline of Breeding Places and the decrease of DHF cases were achieved by increasing the participation of the community to actively control water places that are potential for mosquito breeding places. © 2019 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Climate change

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Chemistry in context: The development of hydrocarbon chemistry and petroleum module based on vehicle case 1

Chemistry in context: The development of hydrocarbon chemist...

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1st International Conference of Chemistry 2018, ICCHEM 2018

作者： Febrianto Wiyarsi, A. Partana, C.F. Sulistyo, B. Study Program of Chemistry Education Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Chemistry Education Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia Automotive Engineering Education Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the characteristic, feasibility, teachers' and students' responses of Hydrocarbon Chemistry and Petroleum (HCP) module based on the context of vehicle case on automotive engineering. Exploratory mixed method has been employed in this research. The research procedures used four steps including qualitative, development, quantitative, and interpretation step. The instruments used to collect the data consisting the three questionnaires, one open questionnaire to obtain the validation and two close questionnaires to collect the teachers and students' responses toward the HCP module. HCP module based on the context of vehicle case on automotive engineering program was yielded as a result of this reseach. The characteristic of research product was integrating between chemistry and automotive subject based on basic competence of curriculum and integrated by vehicle context in first chapter, concept map, activities, examples, and exercise. A group of experts consisting two lectures were confirmed that the HCP module has a correct chemistry content. A very good category was given as the response of the teacher. Moreover, the students response were very interest toward the HCP module. The students and the tachers could be utilize the HCP module as learning sources reference to gain a succesfull chemistry learning. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Vehicles

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Soil Hydrostructural Parameters Under Various Soil Management Practices

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Tanha, Maryam Mohtar, Rabi H. Assi, Amjad T. Awal, Ripendra Fares, Ali Water Management and Hydrological Sciences Program Texas A&M University 3417 TAMU College Station TX77843-3147 United States Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Texas A&M University Scoates Hall 2117 TAMU 333 Spence St College Station TX77843 United States Zachry Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University College of Engineering 3127 TAMU College Station TX77843-3127 United States Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences American University of Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236. Riad El Solh Beirut1107 2020 Lebanon College of Agriculture and Human Sciences Prairie View A&M University P.O. Box 519MS 2080. Prairie View TX 77446 United States

Hydrostructural parameters are driven by the characterization of the soil aggregates structure using a set of thermodynamic equations. Soil aggregates structure is unique for each soil type and can be affected by its physical, chemical, and biological properties. Because it so completely represents those properties, tracking the changes in soil aggregates structure can be used to develop quantitative indicators of soil quality. This study involves a field experiment to examine pedostructure-based soil characterization under different soil management practices. It investigates the feasibility of defining a new soil quality indicator. Three organic amendments (chicken manure, dairy manure, and milorganite) were applied at 0, 168, 336, 672 kgN/ha (rate 0, 1, 2, and 3) for 36 plots of 3 m. × 1.5 m. After extracting 12 hydro-structural parameters from TypoSoilTM measurements, statistical analysis was used to evaluate the sensitivity of these parameters to management practices. Results showed that increasing the application rate from 1 to 3 showed no significant effect on hydrostructural parameters for all treatments. However, treatments significantly enhanced water content and available water in the A horizon. In the B horizon, only rate 3 affected available water for chicken and dairy manure. Comparing the three treatments, dairy manure’s significance was prominent and promising for improving soil aggregates structure in rates greater than 1. The best application rate to improve soil aggregates structure for chicken manure seems to be 1, for dairy manure rate 2, and milorganite rate 3. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Soils

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Calculating the displacement of the cross-sectional neutral axis of LVL sengon

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2846卷

作者： Achmad Basuki Halwan Alfisa Saifullah Gabriella Imelda Putri Endang Rismunarsi Agus Supriyadi Department of Civil Engineering Universitas Sebelas Maret Jalan Ir. Sutami No.36 Kentingan Surakarta 57126 Indonesia Bachelor’s program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sebelas Maret Jalan Ir. Sutami No.36 Kentingan Surakarta 57126 Indonesia

Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) laminated veneer lumber is an engineered wood product that uses multiple layers of thin sengon veneers assembled with adhesives. Made under controlled circumstances, this type of lumber is just as strong as conventional types of lumber commonly used as construction materials. Lumber has greater tensile strength than compressive strength. However, upon being put under a bending test, the fracture point happens to be on the tension area. It happens on the tension area suspected because of the displacement of the neutral axis from the cross-sectional weight axis. Therefore, this research was carried where a LVL sengon wood were imposed with a flexural load. The flexural test data from the strain gauge will be used in the calculation analysis by making a numerical simulation of the flexural stress-strain diagram and by applying the balance conditions of the forces worked on the beam. The numerical simulation of flexural stress-strain diagram will use the MATLAB program. From this calculation, the theoretical and experimenral neutral axis displacement will be obtained. From the laboratory test and the numerical simulation, the position of the experimental neutral axis tends to rise across the center of gravity of the beam as the load increases. While, in the theoretical calculation, the displacement of the neutral axis tends to go downward, but the neutral axis remains above the weight axis of the cross-section. The difference between the experimental and theoretical results is that several factors are not calculated in the theoretical calculation, for example, a shear force that occurs due to bending load, physical wood condition based on where it grows, the strength of wood fiber, etc. From the laboratory test and the running program that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the value of the stress-strain in the properties test can be used to predict the displacement of the neutral axis that happened in the bending test.

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SAEnet: An application for adjustment of horizontal network using particle swarm optimization algorithm 4

SAEnet: An application for adjustment of horizontal network ...

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4th Geomatics International Conference 2019, GeoICON 2019

作者： Hafid, A. Sari, D.N.I. Sobatnu, F. Study Program of DIII Geodesy Department of Civil Engineering Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin Brigjen H. Hasan Basri St Banjarmasin Kayu Tangi70123 Indonesia

The horizontal network of control stations plays an important role in geometric measurement activities, such as determining positions of point, distance, area, or even volume. One of the methods of determining horizontal network values is the least squares method. The method of least squares is one of the most frequently used methods to obtain unique estimates for a set of redundant measurements. The equations that are used in the horizontal network surveys are the nonlinear equations so it must be linearized in order to be computed using least squares method. The problem that arises when linearizing the nonlinear observation equation is the approximate coordinates of the network stations are needed for its computations. In order to handle this problem, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is applied as an algorithm for determining the approximate coordinate values of the network stations. The algorithm of PSO is a heuristic function that optimizes a problem by iteratively trying to improve a candidate solution toward the best solutions. The advantages of PSO are that PSO is designed for solving a problem more quickly when classic methods are too slow and finding an approximate solution when classic methods fail to find any exact solution. This paper presents the design of an application for horizontal network adjustment using PSO algorithm, namely SAEnet. The Algorithm was written in Matlab which is very effective in matrix manipulation and has been widely used in various fields of numerical computations. The computation of horizontal network adjustment using SAEnet application consists of determination of initial approximation values using PSO and the adjustment computation using the least squares method. SAEnet is also equipped with save menu to Microsoft Excel format and load menu from Microsoft Excel format. The test shows that the input and output of the program can run as expected. The results are then compared to other program, like STAR∗NET, usin

关键词： Nonlinear equations

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Impact of mining on land use land cover change and water quality in the Asutifi North District of Ghana, West Africa

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Environmental Challenges 2022年 6卷

作者： Gbedzi, Divine Dodzi Ofosu, Eric Antwi Mortey, Eric Mensah Obiri-Yeboah, Abena Nyantakyi, Emmanuel Kwesi Siabi, Ebenezer Kwadwo Abdallah, Faisal Domfeh, Martin Kyereh Amankwah-Minkah, Anna Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Earth Observation Research and Innovation Centre (EORIC) University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Department of Civil Engineering Kumasi Technical University Kumasi 00233 Ghana Faculty of Science and Techniques Doctoral Research Program in Climate Change and Energy (DRP-CCE) of the West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) Université Abdou Moumouni P.O. Box 10662 Niamey 8000 Niger

Surface and groundwater are important resources for human life and health. Land use changes and mining activities, however, have the potential to compromise the safety of these resources. This study aims to investigate the land cover conditions before and during mining activities and assess the impact on forests, surface, and groundwater resources in the Asutifi North District, Ghana. Landsat data of 30 m resolution was used to assess the land cover change from 2000 to 2020. A cross-sectional analysis of data between April to June 2004 to 2019 was used to assess water quality. The overall accuracy of the land cover classification ranged between (91.33–99.41)% and (78.01–85.95)% respectively for ground-truth validation and validation using the MODIS annual 500 m land cover dataset. Forest cover decreased by 11.47% while agriculture doubled from 12.13% to 24.06% between 2000 and 2020. The introduction of mining is responsible for major land cover changes including the conversion of forest to agricultural land through shifting cultivation. For a general assessment of water quality, the percentage of pH, TB, TDS, NH₃, Mg and SO₄ measurements outside the EPA admissible limits for drinking water is 16.67%, 83.33%, 0.69%, 0%, 10.42%, and 16.67% respectively. Turbidity is the most impacted water quality parameter affected by land cover changes while NH₃ is the least impacted parameter. The incidences of water quality outside EPA/WHO limits for drinking water at all monitoring points call for education and collective action to safeguard water sources from further deterioration. It is necessary mining companies adhere to environmental protection guidelines. © 2022

关键词： Groundwater Illegal mining Land use land cover change Surface water Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Analysis on Calculation of Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) Before and After Flyover & Road Widening Operation at Gedangan Intersection in Sidoarjo Regency

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第4期1569卷

作者： R Endro Wibisono Purwo Mahardi Program Study of Civil Engineering Engineering Faculty Universitas Negeri Surabaya.

The main road that connects the city of Sidoarjo to Surabaya is the intersection of Gedangan. By 2018 it has reached saturation by having a poor service level. More severe conditions will occur in the next 10-20 years. One of the government's efforts to overcome the problem of congestion, damage structure is the construction of flyover or other alternatives by widening the road. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of the traffic and to save vehicle operating costs before and after the construction of a flyover at the Gedangan intersection. The method for predicting Vehicle Operating Costs (BOK) is to use PCI method. This study predicts Vehicle Operating Costs (BOK) to determine cost savings. The scenario for predicting BOK is that 80% of the vehicle volume will pass the Fly Over, and 20% still use the existing road. The results showed that the cost savings of Vehicle Operational Costs (BOK) of existing roads compared to the use of flyover in 2019 was IDR 15 Billion. In 2039 the savings are IDR 77 Billion. Another discussion is that if the road is only widened without flyover, then the BOK cost savings in 2019 will be IDR 4 Billion and in 2039 it will be IDR 27 Billion.

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