The water balance for irrigation is affected by conditional monsoon patterns, including the beginning of the season and the duration. In a technical irrigation service, the actual dynamic of monsoon patterns may influ...
The water balance for irrigation is affected by conditional monsoon patterns, including the beginning of the season and the duration. In a technical irrigation service, the actual dynamic of monsoon patterns may influence the crop pattern schedule and the standard operating rule of irrigation intake. Some significant impacts on the water balance characteristics can enlarge the water deficit during drought periods and reduce the efficiency of crop intensity. Its significance can be detected by conducting hydrological simulations of water availability and water demand in certain seasonal periods. Hence, the updated crop pattern schedule and the standard operating rule of irrigation intake can be adjusted correspondingly. Moreover, the social conflict during the water distribution can be diminished, and water efficiency can be increased as well as the crop intensity. This study is conducted at Tibu Kuning irrigation area, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province using 15 daily rainfall data for 25-year from 1993 to 2017. The results show that the monsoon shift pattern in the study area has an interval of 3-year with the maximum shifting period is about one month. Moreover, the monsoon shift pattern has affected the reliability of irrigation water services. In this situation, an adaptive crop pattern schedule needs to be updated to maintain agricultural productivities. Based on the results obtained in this study, updating of the crop pattern schedule and the standard operating rule of irrigation intake can be be adjusted for the upcoming periods.
The focus of this study was to investigate the wide use of Eucalyptus spp.,an exotic plant with high allelopathic ability,in the reforestation programs of urban parks in São Paulo City,Brazil,over the last *** un...
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The focus of this study was to investigate the wide use of Eucalyptus spp.,an exotic plant with high allelopathic ability,in the reforestation programs of urban parks in São Paulo City,Brazil,over the last *** understand the implications of using Eucalyptus *** the city’s parks,this study aimed to compare nutrient cycling and litter decomposition between a mixed composition of litter(i.e.,native and exotic species)and the litter of a single species(i.e.,Eucalyptus).To accomplish this,newly deciduous leaves were collected from two native and two exotic species that are commonly used in the afforestation of São Paulo as well as from Eucalyptus *** mixed composition of litter yielded a higher dry mass loss and return of macro-and micronutrients to the forest *** decomposition constant(k)values were 0.00322 and 0.00207 g g^(−1) day^(−1) for the mixed composition and Eucalyptus spp.,*** time required for decomposition of 50 and 95%of deciduous material was 215 and 931 days,respectively,and for the mixed litterfall 334 and 1449 days,respectively,for Eucalyptus ***,the mixed litter exhibited greater dry mass loss and nutrient cycling in an urban forest of São Paulo City,since dry mass losses as well as speed and amount of nutrients returned to the forest floor were relatively higher compared to Eucalyptus *** cycling via Eucalyptus *** was less efficient than mixed composition of litter,demonstrating that reforestation programs carried out in the twentieth century using only one species may have had little *** results of this work emphasize the fact that in urban reforestation programs the City of São Paulo must consider the environmental and biogeographic characteristics of the species employed and use high levels of biodiversity,since the city lies in a megadiverse biome.
Mineral resources of a region are development assets and are one of the essential capital of development as well as the source or potential of wealth in the area. To make the right use for the welfare of the community...
Mineral resources of a region are development assets and are one of the essential capital of development as well as the source or potential of wealth in the area. To make the right use for the welfare of the community, there is a need for proper identification of types, positions and reserves, excavation, and management. Therefore, to manage the mine deposit, especially industrial minerals, an area needs to be mapped to reveal mining resources concerning the type, size, and position of deposits in a field. The purpose of the study was to determine the potential for the dissemination of mining excavations in Situbondo Regency. The research method used remote sensing with guided techniques based on data in the field and geological maps. Based on remote sensing results, it was found that there were 5 minerals in Situbondo Regency. The excavated materials are sand, limestone, trass, mountain rock, and phosphate.
Mining water is one of the main problems that has a great importance on mine productivity. In mining implementation, it is necessary to study the Mining Water (Hydrogeology) system to support a good mine design. The M...
Mining water is one of the main problems that has a great importance on mine productivity. In mining implementation, it is necessary to study the Mining Water (Hydrogeology) system to support a good mine design. The Mining Water drainage system is a method for making work sites in the mining area always dry. Prior to mining, hydrogeological analysis and rainwater management methods are carried out. Calculation of rainfall intensity using Gumbel Probability estimation and water capture area analysis obtained CA-1 Q = 915, 35, m3 / day CA-2 Q = 1149, CA-3 Q = 141116, 01CA-4 Q = 1407.89, the form of rainwater trapping channels in the form of trapezium and pump requirements in each catchment area of 1 (one) pump each.
Biogas technology from cow manure in Indonesia has been developing for a long time, but the application of its use as an alternative energy source is not yet widely developed, due to various unknown operations and pro...
Biogas technology from cow manure in Indonesia has been developing for a long time, but the application of its use as an alternative energy source is not yet widely developed, due to various unknown operations and processes. This research aimed to analyzed of biogas fermentation time in batch system of cow manure. This research used a Fixed Dome type biodigester that had a total volume of 500 litters with its operating system in batches with 80% of the slurry containing cow manure and the rest for the gas chamber. The biogas fermentation time were 5, 10,15,20 25 and 30 days. The raw material from cow manure had an organic COD content of 10.240 mg / l with a pH of 6.7. The C/N feed ratio was set in the condition of 25: 1 and the ratio of slurry of cow manure with water was 1: 1. From the results of the study in batch process, it was found that the longer the fermentation time the higher the methane gas content but the methane gas content decreases on the 30 th day from 59,12% on the 25 th day to 50,04% on the 30 th day of fermentation.
Preliminary studies have successfully been conducted on the physical characterization and tribological behavior of oil palm fiber-reinforced composites based on unsaturated polyester and oil palm ash. In an effort to ...
Preliminary studies have successfully been conducted on the physical characterization and tribological behavior of oil palm fiber-reinforced composites based on unsaturated polyester and oil palm ash. In an effort to initiate segregation of composite particles, oil palm ash was used as a segregation agent to increase the surface roughness of the material. The composite preparation method was carried out using the hand lay-up technique for 1 hour at 100 °C. Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide was used as a hardening agent to increase the hardness of the composite. The composite that contained 10 wt.% oil palm fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester-oil palm ash showed the lowest porosity and highest density values compared to the other samples. The decrease in porosity and increase in density can be attributed to the incorporation of 10 wt.% oil palm fiber, which promotes increased segregation of the composite particles, leading to an overall volume increase. Furthermore, the increase in density results in a drastic decrease in the rate of water absorption. The sample with the optimal wear level also had the lowest value compared to the other samples, and this reduction in wear and tear is supported by the high coefficient of friction it exhibits.
A mid-level labor preparation having the qualification and competency appropriate with working world needs is a task from vocational secondary school (VSS). Now days, VSS become an attention by wide community, as a re...
A mid-level labor preparation having the qualification and competency appropriate with working world needs is a task from vocational secondary school (VSS). Now days, VSS become an attention by wide community, as a result of the existence of government policy which is trying to empowering vocational secondary education. The policy taken is by performing the revitalization of vocational school which has the aim to improve the quality of labor competitiveness. One of the programs is teacher quality improvement through various teacher training. However, relating to this case, it is suspected that the previous vocational school teacher training is less effective, so that it needs to be conducted the analysis about the teacher training implementation. Therefore, this article will be elaborated the ways needed to be conducted in improving the educational quality and vocational school teacher development training. The ways should be considered when it is planned and implemented the effective training program, such as: determining the needs, setting the goal, determining the content of learning, selecting the participants, determining the best schedule, selecting the appropriate facilities, selecting the proper instructor, selecting and preparing the audiovisual equipment, coordinating the program and evaluating the program.
This research aims to improve the development of Indonesia's construction workforce by analyzing workers knowledge regarding certification law and their implementation in real work, as well as the interests toward...
This research aims to improve the development of Indonesia's construction workforce by analyzing workers knowledge regarding certification law and their implementation in real work, as well as the interests towards certification. The sampling technique used a purposive sampling strategy with research subjects of 100 Indonesian construction workers. Primary data was collected with questionnaire which was further analyzed with Mann-Whitney U test method. From the research, it is obtained that the total percentage of workers knowledge regarding certification law is only 47%. Only 35% of respondents know there is sanction if they are not certified, and 33% are aware of sanctions if they employ uncertified construction workers. Only 34.44% of uncertified workers know of the certification law, while for the certified workers, 62.66% of them know of the law. The implementatian of certification law in real work is 52.68%. Although the number of certified workers are not many, there are high interest of the workers to have certificate which is 70.36%, and in extending certificate which is 77.27%. There is a significant difference between the average interest of uncertified workers and certified workers toward certification. People who have already got certificates are more interested in extending certificate ownership.
One strategy to support traffic congestion in the transit space utilization area is by applying the concept of transit-oriented (Transit Oriented Development). The purpose of this research is to identify the potential...
One strategy to support traffic congestion in the transit space utilization area is by applying the concept of transit-oriented (Transit Oriented Development). The purpose of this research is to identify the potential area of TOD in Semarang, to analyze the needs of developing the TOD area, and to formulate the direction of the development of the TOD area. The analytical method is a quantitative descriptive method, supported by map overlay. Data collection techniques were carried out by primary survey through questionnaires, interviews and field observations, while secondary surveys by collecting data from institutions and related literature. The analysis consists of TOD analysis, classifying regional potential, analysis of TOD development needs, and analysis of the embodiment of TOD area. Based on the results of location negotiations, the potential TOD area in Semarang City is in the Simpanglima Region. The implementation of TOD concept in the Simpanglima Region is expected can improve the accessibility and mobility, reduce the congestion, reduce the environmental pollution, as well as improve the efficient use of energy in the transportation sector.
This paper discusses the design of a passive filter system for Energy-Saving Lamps (LHE) and Light Emitting Diodes (LED) using the MATLAB Simulink software. This type of lamp is a type of non-linear load that produces...
This paper discusses the design of a passive filter system for Energy-Saving Lamps (LHE) and Light Emitting Diodes (LED) using the MATLAB Simulink software. This type of lamp is a type of non-linear load that produces harmonics of current and voltage. However, this harmonic problem can be reduced using passive filters. To determine the size of the passive filter components, research was carried out in the form of measurements of power, power factor, voltage, current, THDi and THDv produced by the LHE and LED. The results of these measurements were simulated using MATLAB Simulink to determine the passive filter design that reduces the THD value on the LHE and LED. To reduce the level of current harmonics, a single tuned LC passive filter was designed. The filter, designed to work at a frequency of 50 Hz and is expected to reduce the level of harmonics in the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 11th harmonic orders so that the THD produced by LHE and LED meets the IEEE 519-2014 standards. The simulation results of single tuned LC passive filter design can reduce THDi by 46.78% from the initial THD of 84.55% so that it becomes 37.77%.
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