Kampung Batik Semarang is a common name of a specific yet traditional urban settlement located in northern city center of Semarang because of its leading economic in batik making. It has a strong root of resiliency ba...
Kampung Batik Semarang is a common name of a specific yet traditional urban settlement located in northern city center of Semarang because of its leading economic in batik making. It has a strong root of resiliency based on its history in recovering the community's economic and neighbourhood. The aim of this study is to identify the resiliency of kampong batik after certain disaster in the past and the rise and fall of its development. The study is using qualitative approach and descriptive analysis to get depth discussion of efforts of stakeholders and the development of the settlement that leads to the sustainability of this kampong. The result shows that the sustainability of Batik Kampong is related to three factors; there are the historical background, spatial location of the kampung, and the efforts of local government and the community.
The hilly and mountainous topography with high annual rainfall triggered a flash flood in the upper Lematang sub-watershed. The impact caused not only damaged infrastructure, agriculture land, and even fatalities. Thi...
The hilly and mountainous topography with high annual rainfall triggered a flash flood in the upper Lematang sub-watershed. The impact caused not only damaged infrastructure, agriculture land, and even fatalities. This research aimed to conduct flash flood hazard zoning based on morphometric parameters using the GIS technique. By extracting the DEM data, it is generated to a slope map, flow direction, flow accumulation, stream order, and watershed boundary. The data were then evaluated to obtain the morphometric parameters. Parameters analyzed using the PCA approach to get the correlation between parameters related to flash flood hazards. Of the 12 parameters, the KMO value is 0.66, and a significant level is 0.001 <0.05 with a sufficient level of intercorrelation. The result of PCA analysis, two factors were obtained with an eigenvalue > 1, and the cumulative percentage of the two factors was able to explain data variations of 87.49%. Finally, using 12 parameters, the upper Lematang sub-watershed area had 48.79% very-high hazard zones of a flash flood, 16.48% high zones, 20.28% moderate zones, and 0.97% low zones, and 13.48% very-low zones. The results of this study can be used in mitigation activities as well as for integrated watershed management.
Installation of green roofs in bus stops can minimize the negative impact of urban development. Green roofs are normally used to manage stormwater runoff, heat transfer, and enhance aesthetics. However, the standardiz...
Installation of green roofs in bus stops can minimize the negative impact of urban development. Green roofs are normally used to manage stormwater runoff, heat transfer, and enhance aesthetics. However, the standardized design guidelines for green roofs installed on bus stops are currently not available in Malaysia. The green roof designs produced in Malaysia are largely based on the design guidelines from other countries. It was found that some green roof design elements were not suitable to be used in this country since the green roof technology adoption is still in the early stages. Moving forward, further understanding of the green roof technology needs to be attained, and there is a need to adapt the green roof design standards exist in other countries to the Malaysian environment. The purpose of this paper is to review the available green roof design standards, and to highlight the advantages and challenges of installing green roofs in bus stops.
The success of encapsulation to protect iron from inhibitor degradation or oxidation depends on many factors including the excipient characteritics. Glucomannan, a neutral heterosaccharide, has a potential for the exc...
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The existence of extractive activities around the river has a negative impact on the quality of river water. This study aims to provide an overview of water quality characteristics and water quality status of Bengkulu...
The existence of extractive activities around the river has a negative impact on the quality of river water. This study aims to provide an overview of water quality characteristics and water quality status of Bengkulu River and Nelas River in Bengkulu Province. The data used is river quality monitoring conducted by the Environment and Forestry Service of Bengkulu Province from 2014 to 2019. Measurements are carried out twice a year representing, the dry season (March to June) and the rainy season (September to December). The observation stations representing upstream, middle and downstream of rivers conditions. The parameters observed were physical, chemical, and biological parameters. The water quality status is determined using the Storet Index. The results show that both rivers have Storet Index >-31. It means that these river water are heavily polluted. Parameters that have exceeded the water quality standard are TSS, DO, BOD, COD, Fe, Mn, Cu, and total coliform. The river water quality parameters, especially heavy metals, may be caused by open land being washed and carried into the river body. The existence of population and animal activities as well as industrial waste outlets at upstream also affect the decline of river water quality.
This paper presents experimental results and the development of a numerical model for simulating dam break flood wave propagation. Floods caused by dam breaks have special flow characteristics due to potential energy ...
This paper presents experimental results and the development of a numerical model for simulating dam break flood wave propagation. Floods caused by dam breaks have special flow characteristics due to potential energy caused by upstream and downstream elevation differences, and very high flow rates, from the collapse of the dam wall. The physical model is built on a horizontal channel, with 10 meters length and 1-meter width. The reservoirs used are upstream and downstream. Channels used are made of steel materials with negligible friction. The building used is made from wood with a volume of 10x10x40 cm. Flood wave propagation is modelled as a flash flood due to the mass movement of water in large quantities with the sudden opening of water gates. As the initial conditions, the door will be closed. On the upstream of the door, given the initial conditions of water level. Physical models result is used as calibration of numerical models. The developed numeric model is open foam that produces 3D modeling. The result of the physical model and numerical model show the highest flow velocity and good agreement of the pattern of flow velocity profiles during the first 3 seconds. The comparison of the Numerical model and Physical Model indicates whether the numerical model is feasible for use in dam-break modeling. For better results, it is necessary to develop a further model. Solutions to this physical and numerical model can be part of the mitigation effort in case the disaster phenomenon occurs.
The digitalization in the 21st century has brought tremendous benefits in many aspects of human lives, including in education. It opens the door of observing the phenomena that are difficult to do in classrooms. As ph...
The digitalization in the 21st century has brought tremendous benefits in many aspects of human lives, including in education. It opens the door of observing the phenomena that are difficult to do in classrooms. As phenomena observation is a vital activity in learning science, the technology of augmented reality (AR) will help students digitally observe as many phenomena as possible during their learning process. In this study, a science book that is integrated with AR technology was developed. It aims to fill the gap in the literature of what components should be included in an AR-based science book, especially the learning resource that is suitable for STEAM education. The study was limited to environmental pollution and global warming topics. The results showed that the developed AR-based science book has met the eligibility criteria to be used in STEAM education. In terms of numerical viewpoint, the scores for the feasibility test were 96.09% and 97.65% respectively for the learning media and material validation. Therefore, the AR-based science book is considered as a valid learning resource from the expert assessment. In addition, teachers and students also showed positive perspectives towards the AR-integrated book.
In this study, Aluminium 1100-H12 with 1 mm thick was welded using pin-less friction stir spot welding (PFSSW) and then tested via tensional shear test to determine the tensile shear load (TSL) characteristics of its ...
In this study, Aluminium 1100-H12 with 1 mm thick was welded using pin-less friction stir spot welding (PFSSW) and then tested via tensional shear test to determine the tensile shear load (TSL) characteristics of its welds. The results obtained revealed that the tensile shear load of the welds was influenced by the parameter variations among revolving speed, depth of tool, and residence time. The clout of 1400 rpm revolving speed showed good properties with the highest value of TSL about 53 MPa at a depth of tool of 0.4 mm and at 9s of residence time. The middle value of TSL was confirmed at about 35 MPa through 990 rpm of revolving speed, 0.3 mm depth of tool, and 5s of residence time. Furthermore, the lowest property of TSL was found at 775 rpm of revolving speed, at 0.2 mm depth of tool, and at 9s of residence time. The results showed the influence of the depth of the tool has significant clout on the tensile shear load, especially at 0.4 mm for each set of revolving speed and residence time. Each set of dwell time to the variation of parameters has no significant clout on the tensile shear load. Good tensile shear loads can be achieved in the range of 45-53 MPa at a depth of tool of 0.4 mm and a revolving speed of 1400 rpm, where the best is 53 MPa at a residence time of 9 seconds.
The water balance for irrigation is affected by conditional monsoon patterns, including the beginning of the season and the duration. In a technical irrigation service, the actual dynamic of monsoon patterns may influ...
The water balance for irrigation is affected by conditional monsoon patterns, including the beginning of the season and the duration. In a technical irrigation service, the actual dynamic of monsoon patterns may influence the crop pattern schedule and the standard operating rule of irrigation intake. Some significant impacts on the water balance characteristics can enlarge the water deficit during drought periods and reduce the efficiency of crop intensity. Its significance can be detected by conducting hydrological simulations of water availability and water demand in certain seasonal periods. Hence, the updated crop pattern schedule and the standard operating rule of irrigation intake can be adjusted correspondingly. Moreover, the social conflict during the water distribution can be diminished, and water efficiency can be increased as well as the crop intensity. This study is conducted at Tibu Kuning irrigation area, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province using 15 daily rainfall data for 25-year from 1993 to 2017. The results show that the monsoon shift pattern in the study area has an interval of 3-year with the maximum shifting period is about one month. Moreover, the monsoon shift pattern has affected the reliability of irrigation water services. In this situation, an adaptive crop pattern schedule needs to be updated to maintain agricultural productivities. Based on the results obtained in this study, updating of the crop pattern schedule and the standard operating rule of irrigation intake can be be adjusted for the upcoming periods.
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