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Bentonite Enhanced Soil as an Alternative Landfill Liner in Rikut Jawu, South Barito

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019年第1期239卷

作者： Yulian Firmana Arifin Sambelum Civil Engineering Study Program University of Lambung Mangkurat Banjarmasin Office of Public Works and Spatial Planning Tamiyang Layang South Barito

The use of geosynthetic materials has developed very rapidly; however, the use of clay as a mineral barrier is a necessity to meet environmental requirements to protect groundwater from leachate in landfills. Generally, the soil used as a mineral barrier is local land or close to landfill locations. It is just often found that local land does not meet the requirements as a barrier. This condition occurs in landfill development in Rikut Jawu, South Barito regency. The permeability of the surrounding land that has been compacted is still higher than the required permeability. An effort is needed so that the permeability can be accepted. This paper describes the effort to minimize the permeability of sandy loam soils in Rikut Jawu to meet the requirements as a landfill liner. This research was conducted in the Laboratory of Soil Mechanics, University of Lambung Mangkurat. Disturbed soil samples were mixed with bentonite with the percentages of 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% based on dry weight. Water was added depending on the optimum moisture content of each mixture that was obtained from the Standard Proctor compaction test. Series of the permeability tests were performed according to ASTM standard. In order to investigate the time effect, the samples were cured for periods of 3, 7, and 14 days. The result shows that the presence of bentonite in the mixture influences the permeability (k) of samples. The permeability of samples decreases from 1.3 × 10−5 cm/s to 3.6 × 10−7 cm/s. The result also found that the permeability of bentonite enhanced soil was also influenced by the water content of compaction. The curing times of 3, 7, and 14 days do not significantly affect the permeability. The percentage of bentonite to be used as a clay liner to fulfill permeability requirement is 50%. The further efforts are suggested and discussed in the paper.

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Potential environmental pressures on water availability in Gembong reservoir in Pati District for the development of agropolitan area

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1217卷

作者： Kartono Purwanto Suripin Doctoral Program in Environmental Sciences School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang-Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang-Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang-Indonesia

Land-use management is the key parameter in developing an agropolitan area. The Spatial Plan of Pati District 2010-2030 contains plans for the Gembong Subdistrict to be developed into an agropolitan area. The Gembong Reservoir is one of the reservoirs in the region that has a vital role in supporting the area development. The main problem in managing the Gembong reservoir is the decreasing availability of reservoir water. Increased sedimentation affects the availability of reservoir water, which is used as a supply of irrigation areas. Management of water availability must be based on optimization analysis, because the volume of storage is limited and increasing inflow to the reservoir to increase the water level requires a long time. Therefore, the optimization model of reservoir water management is urgent to be formulated, so that the reservoir operator can be utilized to determine the allocation of supplementary water. This article presents a study of the results of observations in the field and secondary data, as well as reviews of related scientific articles, to be able to identify potential environmental stresses on reservoir water availability and its management.

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Design and properties of high reclaimed asphalt pavement with RH-WMA

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期512卷

作者： L Gungat M O Hamzah N I M Yusoff S W Goh Civil Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia School of Civil Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus Pulau Pinang Malaysia Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor Malaysia Universal Pave Sdn. Bhd. Pulau Pinang Malaysia

Economic and environmental benefits gain from the recycling of old pavement promotes the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in the road construction and rehabilitation. However, high production temperature due to RAP stiffness becomes the main concern in the production of RAP. Reduced production temperature with the addition of warm mix asphalt (WMA) may compensate for aging of RAP binder, nevertheless the stiffness of RAP binder is depending on how much it ages and needs localised investigation for a bulk production of RAP. This research investigates the mix design and properties of high RAP content incorporating a WMA additive for a bulk RAP production in Malaysia. Milled RAP obtained from local roads were incorporated with a WMA named RH-WMA. Prior to addition of RAP into mixtures, the milled RAP were processed and characterized as a quality control of RAP from various sources. Mix design of mixture that contains RAP and 3% RH-WMA were performed using the Response Surface Method. Subsequently, the specimens were evaluated for its chemical and mechanical properties. The analysis on mix design showed that compaction temperature and bitumen content were significant factors. Reasonable reduction of optimum binder content and energy consumption were observed with the additions of RH-WMA. Tests on mechanical properties demonstrate increased on stiffness with the addition of RAP and hence reduced the fatigue resistance. However, the addition of RH-WMA on specimens that subjected to combined effects of moisture and aging showed improvement on fatigue resistance. Hence, with proper quality control of RAP material, the incorporation of RH-WMA into RAP indicated potential as an alternative material for green road construction.

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Single microtremor method for estimating site fundamental frequency at a site in the historical city of Byblos - Lebanon

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期523卷

作者： N Tumur-Uyal B Setiawan M S Oucherif Department of Geology & Geophysics National University of Mongolia Mongolia Program Study of Geological Engineering Faculty of Engineering Syiah Kuala University Indonesia Geoexplo Cheraga Algiers Algeria

A single ambient noise measurement has been found to be useful in investigating the near-surface geology in particularly for estimating site fundamental frequency. This single microtremor method is very attractive and has been successfully applied in many projects as the method is non-destructive, low cost, feasible for urban environments, fast, and deep penetration. Furthermore, this single microtremor method has been successfully applied in many projects. This paper presents the application of the single microtremor method to estimate the site fundamental frequency at a site in the historical city of Byblos, Lebanon. Pre-processing of industrial origin detection was carried out. Several durations of the measurements were investigated to obtain the most stable results. The site fundamental frequency was validated using one-dimensional site response analysis. The results are presented in this paper.

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Rethinking sustainability of marine fisheries for a fast-changing planet

NPJ Ocean Sustainability

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NPJ Ocean Sustainability 2024年第1期3卷 1-11页

作者： Roberts, Callum Béné, Christophe Bennett, Nathan Boon, James S. Cheung, William W. L. Cury, Philippe Defeo, Omar De Jong Cleyndert, Georgia Froese, Rainer Gascuel, Didier Golden, Christopher D. Hawkins, Julie Hobday, Alistair J. Jacquet, Jennifer Kemp, Paul Lam, Mimi E. Le Manach, Frédéric Meeuwig, Jessica J. Micheli, Fiorenza Morato, Telmo Norris, Catrin Nouvian, Claire Pauly, Daniel Pikitch, Ellen Amargos, Fabian Piña Saenz-Arroyo, Andrea Sumaila, U. Rashid Teh, Louise Watling, Les O’Leary, Bethan C. Centre for Ecology and Conservation University of Exeter Cornwall United Kingdom Institute of Development Studies Library Road Brighton BN1 9RE United Kingdom Global Science WWF Washington DC United States People and the Ocean Specialist Group Commission on Environmental Economic and Social Policy International Union for the Conservation of Nature Gland Switzerland Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada Department of Environment and Geography University of York York United Kingdom School of Geography University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom MARBEC IRD Sète Univ Montpellier CNRS Ifremer France UNDECIMAR Faculty of Sciences Montevideo Uruguay Cumbria Wildlife Trust Crook Rd Kendal LA8 8LX United Kingdom GEOMAR Wischhofstr. 1-3 Kiel 24148 Germany Research unit Dynamics and sustainability of ecosystems: from source to sea (DECOD) Institut Agro / Inrae / Ifremer Rennes France Department of Nutrition Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health Boston 02115 MA United States CSIRO Environment Hobart 7000 TAS Australia Department of Environmental Science and Policy Rosenstiel School of Marine Atmospheric and Earth Sciences University of Miami 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Key Biscayne 33149 FL United States Department of Civil Maritime and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences Boldrewood Innovation Campus University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom Centre for the Study of the Sciences and the Humanities University of Bergen P.O. Box 7805 Bergen N-5020 Norway BLOOM 16 rue Martel Paris 75010 France Marine Futures Lab and Oceans Institute University of Western Australia Crawley 6008 WA Australia Oceans Department Hopkins Marine Station and Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions Stanford University Pacific Grove 93950 CA United States Institute of Marine Sciences—Okeanos University of the Azores Horta Portugal Institute for Ocean Conservation Scie

Many seafood products marketed as “sustainable” are not. More exacting sustainability standards are needed to respond to a fast-changing world and support United Nations SDGs. Future fisheries must operate on principles that minimise impacts on marine life, adapt to climate change and allow regeneration of depleted biodiversity, while supporting and enhancing the health, wellbeing and resilience of people and communities. We set out 11 actions to achieve these goals. © The Author(s) 2024.

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Organic composts as A vehicle for the entry of microplastics into the environment: A comprehensive review

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The Science of the total environment 2023年 892卷 164758页

作者： Van-Re Le Minh-Ky Nguyen Hoang-Lam Nguyen Chitsan Lin Md Refat Jahan Rakib Van-Anh Thai Van-Giang Le Guilherme Malafaia Abubakr M Idris Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI) 140 Le Trong Tan Street Tan Phu District Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam. Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Nong Lam University of Ho Chi Minh City Hamlet 6 Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan. Electronic address: nmky@hcmuaf.edu.vn. Department of Civil Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada. Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan. Department of Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali 3814 Bangladesh. Electronic address: rifatjahanrakib@***. Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung City 81157 Taiwan. Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Vietnam National University Hanoi 111000 Viet Nam. Post-Graduation Program in Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia MG Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity Federal University of Goiás Goiânia GO Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources Goiano Federal Institute Urutaí GO Brazil. Electronic address: guilhermeifgoiano@***. Department of Chemistry College of Science King Khalid University 61431 Abha Saudi Arabia Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia.

Plastic pollution is a widespread issue that poses a threat to agroecosystems. Recent data on microplastic (MP) pollution from compost and its application to soil have highlighted the potential impact of micropollutants that may be transferred from compost. Thus, we aim with this review to elucidate the distribution-occurrence, characterization, fate/transport, and potential risk of MPs from organic compost to gain comprehensive knowledge and mitigate the adverse impacts of compost application. The concentration of MPs in compost was up to thousands of items/kg. Among micropollutants, fibers, fragments, and films are the most common, with small MPs having a higher potential to absorb other pollutants and cause harm to organisms. Various synthetic polymers, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyester (PES), and acrylic polymers (AP), have been widely used of plastic items. MPs are emerging pollutants that can have diverse effects on soil ecosystems, as they can transfer potential pollutants from MPs to compost and then to the soil. Following the microbial degradation scheme, the transfer chain from plastics to compost to soil can be broken down into main stages, i.e., colonization - (bio)fragmentation - assimilation - and mineralization. Microorganisms and adding biochar play an essential role during composting, which can be an effective solution to enhance MP degradation. Findings have shown that stimulating free radical generation could promote the biodegradation efficacy of MPs and possibly remove their occurrence in compost, thereby reducing their contribution to ecosystem pollution. Furthermore, future recommendations were discussed to reduce ecosystem risks and health challenges.

关键词： Emerging contaminants Free radicals Mineralization Organic waste Plastic pollution Polymers

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A Non-Linear Method for Hypocenter Determination around Central and East Java Region: Preliminary Result

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019年第1期318卷

作者： Faiz Muttaqy Andri Dian Nugraha Nanang T Puspito Pepen Supendi Shindy Rosalia Geophysical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Global Geophysics Research Group Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics (BMKG) Bandung Indonesia

Java Island is highly active tectonic zone and also has a complex geological system as a result of Indo-Australian plate that subducted under the Eurasian plate. This complexity produces many large and destructive earthquakes. Moreover, Java is a most densely populated region in Indonesia. The precise earthquake location can define and evaluate the seismic hazard in the area. In this study, we determined hypocenter location around the central and east Java region by using a non-linear method. We manually picked P-and S-wave arrival time recorded by BMKG network for the time period of 2009 to 2017. We used the minimum 1D seismic velocity model of ak135 to locate the events. We used some criteria for the determination of event location including (i) at least recorded by 4 station which has clear onset P and S arrival, and (ii) has magnitude (MW) > 3. The seismicity in the study area is controlled by subduction and many active faults distributed along the Java Island, also clustered in several areas such as Kendeng thrust, Opak river fault, Kebumen, Banyuwangi, and others. The result of this study indicates the accurately main shallow seismicity zones in central and eastern part of Java region, and also confirm the presence of active inland faults. As further studies, we will conduct 1D velocity modeling and relocate the hypocenters using an updated local 1D velocity model beneath the study area.

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Identifying geothermal steam spots based on binary logistic method to a high resolution imagery and field measurement

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期500卷

作者： F. Z. Gandes A. Saepuloh K. Wikantika Center for Remote Sensing Insitut Teknologi Bandung Remote Sensing and GIS Research Group Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Geology Engineering Study Program Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung 10 Ganesha Street 40135 Bandung Indonesia Indonesian Young Researcher Forum (ForMIND)

The increasing population of a country has an impact on the number of energy needs that must be provided. Therefore, alternative sources of energy need to be developed to meet those needs. Indonesia is known as The Ring of Fire has very high geothermal resource potential. A study of geothermal mapping technology needs to be done to optimize the utilization of this energy. This study aims to recognize the relation between temperature and surface roughness on an up-flow zone of geothermal system and identify the steam spots at surface. We used a high resolution ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 images to obtain surface roughness and ASTER images to obtain a corrected Land Surface Temperature (LST). The study was conducted in an open area Papandayan Crater, Garut, West Java (Indonesia). Data pre-processing including atmospheric and geometric corrections were applied following an image processing to obtain the surface roughness and the corrected LST by estimating non-unique surface emissivity, pixel fitting between measured surface temperature and roughness at field, and identifying the steam spots of the geothermal system using binary logistic regression method. Equally good models of co-polarization and cross-polarization obtained because of the high correlation between co-polarization and cross-polarization surface roughness. There was a positive relationship between land surface temperature and surface roughness in the manifestation area of geothermal resources and surface roughness known more dominant in determining the manifestations of geothermal resources than surface temperature.

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Comparison of tensile strength of continues-core method and 4 strand modifies method of after healing of repaired Kessler rabbit's Achilles tendon injury

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期622卷

作者： P S Caksana IKS Kawiyana I W S Dusak T G T Nindhia Resident of Studies Program of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Medical Faculty of Udayana University Denpasar Indonesia Study Program of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Medical Faculty of Udayana University Denpasar Indonesia Departmen of Mechanical Engineering Engineering faculty Udayana University Jimbaran Bali Indonesia

Tendon injury causes significant morbidity during the productive age, and the number is increase in recent decades. Tensile strength is the most important factor in tendon function of style, and the results of repair should be able to withstand large current style of early mobilization. This research was an experimental research design with the post-test only control group design with the subject of the rabbit. A total of 18 research subjects who meet the requirements of the study inclusion were randomly divided into treatment and control groups. Control group was a group of rabbits that were repaired with 4 strand modified Kessler technique after Achilles tendon cut sharply. While the treatment group were a group of rabbits that were repaired with continuous-cores technique. The ratio of collagen I/III in rabbit Achilles tendon repair with the technique of continuous-cores are smaller compared to the control group with value of P <0.05. Also Showed statistical analysis tensile strength of rabbit Achilles tendon repair with the technique of continuous-core is greater than the control group at P <0.05.

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The effect of fiber volume fraction on tensile and impact properties of eleusine indica grass reinforced polypropylene bio composite

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期539卷

作者： I P Lokantara N P G Suardana I W Surata I N S Winaya Doctoral Study Program of Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Kampus Sudirman Denpasar-Bali Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department of Udayana University Street of Bukit Jimbaran Badung Bali Indonesia

The purpose of this research was to investigate the tensile strength and impact strength of eleusine indica grass fiber-reinforced polypropylene recycle composite. In this study, the fiber was treated with alkali at 5% NaOH for 2 hours. The eleusine indica grass fiber cut with a length of 3 cm and the matrix used recycle polypropylene. In this research, the volume fraction of eleusine indica grass fiber varied by 20%, 25%, and 30% respectively. The composite molded with a hot press at temperature 200°C with a holding time for 2 hours. Tensile test used ASTM D3039 and impact test used ASTM D256. The highest tensile and impact strength results on fiber volume fraction 30%.

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