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arXiv 2022年

作者： Hiramatsu, Daichi Berger, Edo Metzger, Brian D. Gomez, Sebastian Bieryla, Allyson Arcavi, Iair Howell, D. Andrew McKinven, Ryan Tominaga, Nozomu Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138-1516 United States The NSF AI Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Fundamental Interactions United States Department of Physics Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory Columbia University 538 West 120th Street New YorkNY10027 United States Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute New YorkNY10010 United States Space Telescope Science Institute 3700 San Martin Dr BaltimoreMD21218 United States School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv69978 Israel CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars program CIFAR 661 University Ave. TorontoONM5G 1M1 Canada Las Cumbres Observatory 6740 Cortona Drive Suite 102 GoletaCA93117-5575 United States Department of Physics University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106-9530 United States Department of Physics McGill University 3600 rue University MontréalQCH3A 2T8 Canada McGill Space Institute McGill University 3550 rue University MontréalQCH3A 2A7 Canada National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Sciences 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Engineering Konan University 8-9-1 Okamoto Hyogo Kobe658-8501 Japan The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Chiba Kashiwa277-8583 Japan

We present the largest compilation to date of optical observations during and following fast radio bursts (FRBs). The data set includes our dedicated simultaneous and follow-up observations, as well as serendipitous archival survey observations, for a sample of 15 well-localized FRBs: eight repeating and seven one-off sources. Our simultaneous (and nearly simultaneous with a 0.4 s delay) optical observations of 13 (1) bursts from the repeating FRB 20220912A provide the deepest such limits to date for any extragalactic FRB, reaching a luminosity limit of νLν 1042 erg s−1 ( 2 ×1041 erg s−1) with 15–400 s exposures;an optical-flux-to-radio-fluence ratio of fopt/Fradio 10−7 ms−1 ( 10−8 ms−1);and flux ratio of fopt/fradio 0.02– 2 × 10−5 ( 10−6) on millisecond to second timescales. These simultaneous limits provide useful constraints in the context of FRB emission models, such as the pulsar magnetosphere and pulsar nebula models. Interpreting all available optical limits in the context of the synchrotron maser model, we find that they constrain the flare energies to 1043–1049 erg (depending on the distances of the various repeating FRBs, with 1039 erg for the Galactic SGR 1935+2154). These limits are generally at least an order of magnitude larger than those inferred from the FRBs themselves, although in the case of FRB 20220912A our simultaneous and rapid followup observations severely restrict the model parameter space. We conclude by exploring the potential of future simultaneous and rapid-response observations with large optical telescopes. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Pulsars

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Digital is the New Blood: Enabling the Present and the Future

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Alzheimer's & Dementia 2023年第S21期19卷

作者： Rhoda Au Zachary T Popp Spencer Low Phillip H Hwang Ileana De Anda-Duran Stephanie Li Salman Rahman Huitong Ding Akwaugo Igwe Cody Karjadi Ting Fang Alvin Ang Sherral A. Devine Ashita S Gurnani Jesse B. Mez Lindsay A. Farrer Preeti Sunderaraman Honghuang Lin Vijaya B. Kolachalama Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA Framingham Heart Study Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA Davos Alzheimer’s Collaborative Philadelphia PA USA Department of Epidemiology Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA USA Department of Neurology Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA USA Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA USA Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA USA Framingham Heart Study Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA USA Boston University School of Public Heatlh Boston MA USA Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine New Orleans LA USA Slone Epidemiology Center Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA USA Framigham Heart Study - Boston University Framingham MA USA Boston University Bioinformatics Program Boston MA USA Departments of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics) Neurology Ophthalmology Biostatistics and Epidemiology Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health Boston MA USA Department of Neurology - Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA USA University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA USA Framingham Heart Study/Boston University BOSTON MA USA Hariri Institute for Computing and Computational Science & Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA College of Arts & Sciences Boston University Boston MA USA Faculty of Computing & Data Sciences Boston University Boston MA USA Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Center Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA USA Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA USA

Background Digital is the new blood, where collection, use, and storage of raw digital data streams enabled by technology-embedded sensors are replacing analog methods. Analyses of digital data extend beyond current applications, analogous to previously stored blood currently be used for omics/biomarker research. Today digital technologies are used to measure Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related clinical symptoms (e.g., cognition, function, and behavior), but future possibilities remain to be determined. Importantly, digital data collection can go beyond current intermittent sampling by employing internet-connected applications and devices that allow real-time monitoring and accurate detection of changes, even within a widely heterogeneous spectrum. Method Beginning in 2005, the Framingham Heart study (FHS) began digitally recording participants’ spoken responses to neuropsychological (NP) test questions, and in 2011 extended to a digital pen to record written responses. The emergence of wearable devices and smartphone applications has led to an expanded use of digital technologies beyond recordings during NP assessments. The Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (BU ADRC) leverages digital sensors in multiple internet-connected devices that longitudinally collect digital data, in both in-person and remote settings. Result The first publication involving FHS digital data was in 2016; the remaining (n> 17) have been from 2020-current. Digital data measuring cognition, function and behavior are being collected through the BU ADRC, where results to date indicate nearly 100% and 75% uptake of active and passive engagement applications, respectively, and 95% uptake for wearable devices (n = 60). Longitudinal assessments include > 3 months for ∼50 participants; > 1 year for n∼21 participants. Conclusion Opportunities for improved trial outcome measurement are evident in the broad range of outcomes digital sensors capture beyond traditional research methodologi

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Interactions between marine megafauna and plastic pollution in Southeast Asia

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Science of the Total Environment 2023年 874卷 162502页

作者： Omeyer, Lucy C.M. Duncan, Emily M. Abreo, Neil Angelo S. Acebes, Jo Marie V. AngSinco-Jimenez, Lea A. Anuar, Sabiqah T. Aragones, Lemnuel V. Araujo, Gonzalo Carrasco, Luis R. Chua, Marcus A.H. Cordova, Muhammad R. Dewanti, Lantun P. Espiritu, Emilyn Q. Garay, Jovanie B. Germanov, Elitza S. Getliff, Jade Horcajo-Berna, Eva Ibrahim, Yusof S. Jaafar, Zeehan Janairo, Jose Isagani B. Gyi, Thanda Ko Kreb, Danielle Lim, Cheng Ling Lyons, Youna Mustika, Putu L.K. Neo, Mei Lin Ng, Sirius Z.H. Pasaribu, Buntora Pariatamby, Agamuthu Peter, Cindy Porter, Lindsay Purba, Noir P. Santa Cruz, Ernesto T. Shams, Shahriar Thompson, Kirsten F. Torres, Daniel S. Westerlaken, Rodney Wongtawan, Tuempong Godley, Brendan J. Centre for Ecology and Conservation University of Exeter Penryn Campus Penryn CornwallTR10 9EZ United Kingdom Institute of Marine Sciences-Okeanos University of the Azores Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4 Horta9901-862 Portugal AI and Robotics Laboratory-Environmental Studies University of the Philippines Mindanao Philippines *** Bohol Jagna Philippines Zoology Division The National Museum of the Philippines Padre Burgos Avenue Manila Philippines Davao Oriental City of Mati Philippines Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Terengganu Kuala Nerus21030 Malaysia Marine Mammal Research & Conservation Laboratory Institute of Environmental Science and Meteorology College of Science University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City Philippines Marine Research and Conservation Foundation Lydeard St Lawrence Somerset United Kingdom Environmental Science Program Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University Doha Qatar Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore 14 Science Drive 4 117543 Singapore Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum National University of Singapore 2 Conservatory Drive Singapore117377 Singapore BRIN Kawasan Jakarta Ancol Jalan Pasir Putih 1 Ancol Timur Jakarta14430 Indonesia Fishery Department Faculty of Fishery and Marine Science Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung40600 Indonesia Department of Environmental Science Ateneo de Manila University Loyola Heights Quezon City1108 Philippines San Isidro Extension Campus Davao Oriental San Isidro Philippines Marine Megafauna Foundation West Palm BeachFL United States Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems Harry Butler Institute Murdoch University PerthWA Australia Environmental and Conservation Sciences Murdoch University PerthWA Australia Roctopus ecoTrust Roctopus Dive Sairee Beach Koh Tao 84360 Thailand Juara Turtle Project Kg Juara Pahang Tioman Islan

Southeast (SE) Asia is a highly biodiverse region, yet it is also estimated to cumulatively contribute a third of the total global marine plastic pollution. This threat is known to have adverse impacts on marine megafauna, however, understanding of its impacts has recently been highlighted as a priority for research in the region. To address this knowledge gap, a structured literature review was conducted for species of cartilaginous fishes, marine mammals, marine reptiles, and seabirds present in SE Asia, collating cases on a global scale to allow for comparison, coupled with a regional expert elicitation to gather additional published and grey literature cases which would have been omitted during the structured literature review. Of the 380 marine megafauna species present in SE Asia, but also studied elsewhere, we found that 9.1 % and 4.5 % of all publications documenting plastic entanglement (n = 55) and ingestion (n = 291) were conducted in SE Asian countries. At the species level, published cases of entanglement from SE Asian countries were available for 10 % or less of species within each taxonomic group. Additionally, published ingestion cases were available primarily for marine mammals and were lacking entirely for seabirds in the region. The regional expert elicitation led to entanglement and ingestion cases from SE Asian countries being documented in 10 and 15 additional species respectively, highlighting the utility of a broader approach to data synthesis. While the scale of the plastic pollution in SE Asia is of particular concern for marine ecosystems, knowledge of its interactions and impacts on marine megafauna lags behind other areas of the world, even after the inclusion of a regional expert elicitation. Additional funding to help collate baseline data are critically needed to inform policy and solutions towards limiting the interactions of marine megafauna and plastic pollution in SE Asia. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Ecosystems

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Pyrolysis: An effective technique for degradation of COVID-19 medical wastes

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Chemosphere 2021年 275卷 130092页

作者： Selvakumar Dharmaraj Veeramuthu Ashokkumar Rajesh Pandiyan Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh Kit Wayne Chew Wei-Hsin Chen Chawalit Ngamcharussrivichai (Deemed to be University) Chennai 603112 Tamil Nadu India. Center of Excellence in Catalysis for Bioenergy and Renewable Chemicals (CBRC) Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand. Electronic address: rvashok2008@***. Department of Biochemistry Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (formerly Karpagam University) Pollachi Main Road Eachanari Post Coimbatore Tamil Nadu India. Chemistry Study Program Department of Chemistry Education Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi 229 Bandung 40154 Indonesia. School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Malaysia Jalan Sunsuria Bandar Sunsuria 43900 Sepang Selangor Malaysia College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung 407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung 411 Taiwan. Center of Excellence in Catalysis for Bioenergy and Renewable Chemicals (CBRC) Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology (PETROMAT) Chulalongkorn University Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand. Electronic address: Chawalit.Ng@chula.ac.th.

COVID-19 has led to the enormous rise of medical wastes throughout the world, and these have mainly been generated from hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare establishments. This creates an additional challenge in medical waste management, particularly in developing countries. Improper managing of medical waste may have serious public health issues and a significant impact on the environment. There are currently three disinfection technologies, namely incineration, chemical and physical processes, that are available to treat COVID-19 medical waste (CMW). This study focuses on thermochemical process, particularly pyrolysis process to treat the medical waste. Pyrolysis is a process that utilizes the thermal instability of organic components in medical waste to convert them into valuable products. Besides, the technique is environmentally friendly, more efficient and cost-effective, requires less landfill capacity, and causes lower pollution. The current pandemic situation generates a large amount of plastic medical wastes, which mainly consists of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, and nylon. These plastic wastes can be converted into valuable energy products like oil, gas and char through pyrolysis process. This review provides detailed information about CMW handling, treatment, valuable product generation, and proper discharge into the open environment.

关键词： COVID-19 medical waste Disinfection techniques Energy conversion Medical waste management Pyrolysis

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The effect of pyrogallol antioxidant addition and storage temperature to the change of biodiesel quality during storage period

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期105卷

作者： B H Susanto Lukman H Sutanto M Nasikin Bioprosess Engineering Study Program Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok West Java Indonesia

Biodiesel is an alkyl ester compound of fatty acids prepared from a source of naturally renewable triglycerides and used as diesel engine fuel, commonly made through the process of esterification or transesterification. In its application and storage, biodiesel is potentially damaged by oxidation reaction due to internal factors (high unsaturated fatty acid content) and external factors (air, heat or light) resulting in changes of the characteristics and quality of biodiesel. In order to maintain the characteristics and quality of biodiesel to conform to established standards, it is necessary to add antioxidants that can inhibit oxidation reaction in biodiesel. In this study, pyrogallol antioxidant is added to the biodiesel of palm oil with various concentrations and storage temperatures. The observed biodiesel parameters during the storage period are those that can represent oxidation such as changes in kinematic viscosity, density, acid value, and iodine value. The results showed that the addition of pyogallol antioxidant can inhibit the oxidation reaction in biodiesel. The use of antioxidant with a concentration of 0.1% at storage temperatures of 30°C and 60°C is known to retain the characteristics and quality of biodiesel during storage from damage caused by oxidation reaction.

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Using urban indexes to predict urban air temperatures: An integration of ANN models and GIS 33

Using urban indexes to predict urban air temperatures: An in...

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33rd International on Passive and Low Energy Architecture Conference: Design to Thrive, PLEA 2017

作者： Debiazi, Pedro Renan de Souza, Léa Cristina Lucas Architecture and Urbanism Course Faculty Nossa Cidade Education Center Carapicuiba Brazil Urban Engineering Program Department of Civil Engineering Exact and Technology Sciences Center Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780992895754

This aim of this research is to verify the thermal environment of a university campus by evaluating the relative contribution of urban elements in relation to the modification caused in the air temperature. For this purpose, real data of air temperature were collected at several points at the Federal University of São Carlos. These were then related to the local urban indexes using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in order to develop a prediction model. This analysis considered three scales of different approaches, taking into account the radii of 25, 50 and 100 meters. Within the areas of these radii, the Occupation Coefficient (OC), the Urban Vegetation Coefficient (UVC), the Sky View Factor (SVF) and the Ground Cover Coefficient (GCC) were estimated. The ANN model was incorporated into a Geographical Information System and thematic maps were developed. Furthermore, a map classifying the potential cooling of the campus was also created. The results pointed out that the urban indexes under investigation presented different relative importance according to the scale of analysis. Furthermore, the 25 meter-radius model presented the highest performance considering the influence of urban indexes on the air temperature. Copyright © NCEUB 2017.

关键词： Neural networks

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Monitoring electrical energy in electronic energy audits through internet of things technology

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第7期1402卷

作者： Sulistyanto, M P T Pranata, K B Afandi, A N Sendari, S Sulistiyowati, I Informatics Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang Jl. S. Supriadi No. 48 Malang Jawa Timur Indonesia Physics Education Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang Jl. S. Supriadi No. 48 Malang Jawa Timur Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Malang Teknik Elektro Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo Jl. Raya Gelam 250 Candi Sidoarjo Jawa Timur Indonesia

Energy conservation, especially electricity, can be done by conducting an energy audit. Energy audit activities can analyse and find energy-saving opportunities from energy use. This study developed a prototype of a wireless electrical energy monitoring system on a laboratory scale to monitor the use of electrical energy from both electrical equipment using a microcontroller as a sensor node. These nodes have installed several sensors, namely the current sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and light sensor. The protocol used in communication between nodes and servers is the HTTP protocol in the Internet of Things design that can communicate using internet network intermediaries. Data on the server can be monitored in real time using the application on the client side.

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Improving Customer's Willingness to Buy: Choosing the Right Salesperson Activities

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1175卷

作者： Happy Fanni Silaban Samuel Hasudungan Sri Lestari Yusnita Nadapdap Frederik Situmeang Ricardo Situmeang Engineering Management Study Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Del Laguboti 22381 North Sumatera Indonesia Centre for Market Insights Faculty of Business and Economics Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences Postbus 1025 1000BA Amsterdam The Netherlands

This study investigated the effect of choices made by salesperson in delivering information to the customer candidate. The delivered information may affect the decision made by the customer candidate. To deliver the information and the new knowledge, communication must be done along with interaction, which can be measured how interactive it is, interactivity. So, the salesperson is critical in the making of and in increasing the Willingness-To-Buy. In the other hand, some people just do not want to be disturbed. It may happen due to their personality, business, or annoying feeling. Right here, salesperson should try to increase the Willingness-To-Buy. It will create dilemma because those customer candidates who do not want to be disturbed, will not get any additional knowledge about the product. Moreover, this study also suggests that there is a chance for a salesperson does not need to explain but the product speak for itself to improve Willingness-To-Buy.

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Leachate characterization and performance evaluation of leachate treatment plant in Cipayung landfill, Indonesia

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期106卷

作者： E Noerfitriyani D M Hartono S S Moersidik I Gusniani Environmental Engineering Study Program Civil of Engineering Department Universitas Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia

The operation of landfill can cause environmental problems due to waste decomposition in the form of leachate production. Cipayung Landfill has a leachate treatment plant using stabilization ponds. The objective of this research is to evaluate the performance of stabilization ponds at Cipayung Landfill. The data were analyzed based on leachate samples from treatment unit's influent and effluent under rainy season condition from April to May 2017. The results show the average leachate quality based on parameters of temperature by 34.81°C, Total Suspended Solid (TSS) of 72.33 mg/L, pH of 7.83, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) of 3,959.63 mg/L, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of 6,860 mg/L, Total Nitrogen of 373.33 mg/L, and heavy metal Mercury of 0.0016 mg/L. The treatment plant's effluent quality exceeds the leachate standard limit based on Indonesia's Ministry of Environment and Forestry Law No. 59 of 2016. The results of design evaluation show that the anaerobic pond, facultative pond, and maturation pond system do not meet the design criteria. Therefore, a design improvement is needed to increase the performance of the leachate treatment plant and to ensure that the leachate discharged to water bodies does not exceed the standard limit to prevent contamination of the environment.

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Impact of Leachate Discharge from Cipayung Landfill on Water Quality of Pesanggrahan River, Indonesia

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期120卷

作者： Eki Noerfitriyani Djoko M. Hartono Setyo S. Moersidik Irma Gusniani Environmental Engineering Study Program Civil of Engineering Department Universitas Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia

The landfill operation can cause environmental problems due to solid waste decomposition in the form of leachate. The evaluation of environmental impacts related with solid waste landfilling is needed to ensure that leachate discharge to water bodies does not exceed the standard limit to prevent contamination of the environment. This study aims to analyze the impact of leachate discharge from Cipayung Landfill on water quality of Pesanggrahan River. The data were analyzed based on leachate samples taken from influent and effluent treatment unit, and river water samples taken from upstream, stream at leachate discharge, and downstream. All samples were taken three times under rainy season condition from April to May 2017. The results show the average leachate quality temperature is 34,81 °C, TSS 72.33 mg/L, pH 7.83, BOD 3,959.63 mg/L, COD 6,860 mg/L, TN 373.33 mg/L, Hg 0.0016 mg/L. The BOD5/COD ratio 0.58 indicated that leachate characteristics was biodegradable and resemble intermediate landfill due to the mixing of young leachate and old leachate. The effluent of leachate treatment plant exceeds the leachate standard limit for BOD, COD, and TN parameters. Statistical results from independent T-test showed significant differences (p<0,05) between upstream and downstream influenced with leachate discharge for DO parameter.

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