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Small hydropower spot prediction using SWAT and a diversion algorithm, case study: Upper Citarum Basin

AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1903卷

作者： Hadi Kardhana Doni Khaira Arya Iwan K. Hadihardaja Widyaningtyas Edi Riawan Atika Lubis 1Water Resources Engineering Research Group Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) Indonesia 2Master of Civil Engineering Program Study Graduate School of ITB Indonesia 3Atmospheric Science Research Group Faculty of Earth Science and Technology ITB Indonesia

Small-Scale Hydropower (SHP) had been important electric energy power source in Indonesia. Indonesia is vast countries, consists of more than 17.000 islands. It has large fresh water resource about 3 m of rainfall and 2 m of runoff. Much of its topography is mountainous, remote but abundant with potential energy. Millions of people do not have sufficient access to electricity, some live in the remote places. Recently, SHP development was encouraged for energy supply of the places. Development of global hydrology data provides opportunity to predict distribution of hydropower potential. In this paper, we demonstrate run-of-river type SHP spot prediction tool using SWAT and a river diversion algorithm. The use of Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) with input of CFSR (Climate Forecast System Re-analysis) of 10 years period had been implemented to predict spatially distributed flow cumulative distribution function (CDF). A simple algorithm to maximize potential head of a location by a river diversion expressing head race and penstock had been applied. Firm flow and power of the SHP were estimated from the CDF and the algorithm. The tool applied to Upper Citarum River Basin and three out of four existing hydropower locations had been well predicted. The result implies that this tool is able to support acceleration of SHP development at earlier phase.

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Biogas potential from anaerobic co-digestion of faecal sludge with food waste and garden waste

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1826卷

作者： Ukhtiy Afifah Cindy Rianti Priadi 1Environmental Engineering Program Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus Baru UI Depok Depok 16424 Indonesia

The limited faecal sludge management can be optimized by converting the sludge into biogas. This study purposed to optimize the biogas potential of faecal sludge with food waste and garden waste. The system using Anaerobic Co-digestion on the variation 25% and 50% concentration of faecal sludge based on Volatile Solids (VS). Inoculum used was cow’s rumen. The study was operated using lab-scale batch reactor 51 L for 42 days. Biogas produced at 25% concentration of faecal sludge is 0,30 m3CH4/kg with 71,93% VS and 72,42% COD destruction. Meanwhile, at 50% concentration of faecal sludge produce 0,56 m3CH4/kg VS biogas with 92,43% VS and 87,55% COD destruction. This study concludes that biogas potential of 50% concentration greater than 25% concentration of faecal sludge.

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Geochemical study of pyroclastic rocks in Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2017年第1期71卷

作者： Endang Wiwik Dyah Hastuti Geology Study Program Faculty Engineering Sriwijaya University Srijaya Negara Street Bukit Besar Palembang Indonesia

Maninjau area situated in Barisan Mountain range was a central of volcanic eruption during Plistocene-Holocene. Eruption of Maninjau volcano resulted in andesitic lava flows, and pyroclastic flows. Maninjau deposites accummulated around Maninjau Lake are covered by andesitic rocks. This Plistocene - Holocene volcano might have a close link with Semangko fault (Sumatra Fault). Pyroclastic rocks in the study area predominantly consist of pumice deposites with some crystals of plagioclase ± quartz ± pyroxene + hornblende + andesitic, lithics and glass shards. These deposites are slightly unwelded and mostly weathered. On the basis of its chemical composistion, Maninjau deposite can be divided into Ryolitic Pumiceous Tuff (Ignembrite Maninjau) and Andesitic Pumiceous Tuff (Tephra) deposites. Ignembrite Maninjau deposite is characterized by the occurrence of high-K rhyolite, whereas Tephra deposite is able to be grouped into calc-alkaline andesite. In general, these deposites have major elements with various silisic contents; this sugests that Maninjau deposites originated from heterogeneous magmas, and was erupted from a magma chamber. The relationship between SiO2 and another oxide shows negative correlation except Na2O. Pumice deposites contain various high trace elements, suggesting that the source of magma was likely from the subducted slab of oceanic plate underneath an active continental margin.

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Combining the Sentinel-1A/B DinSAR Interferometry to Detect Deformation Associated with Pidie Jaya Earthquake

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1120卷

作者： Saumi Syahreza Fadhli Asep Saepuloh Jefriza Habibah Lateh Physics Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Centre (TDMRC) Unsyiah Banda Aceh 23233 Indonesia. School of Distance Education USM Pulau Pinang 11800 Malaysia Study Program of Geology Engineering Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) Indonesia

Currently, the European Space Agency (ESA) provides free and open access to Sentinel-1 data product. These satellite data have intensively improved the understanding and planning to mitigate the impacts of the geohazard phenomenon and ensure civil security. However, the application of InSAR data frequently limited by coherence loss caused by dense vegetation and extensive atmospheric artifacts. This paper presents a study of using C-Band Sentinel D-InSAR interferometry. The objective of this study was to mitigate the effects of vegetation and temporal decorrelation as well as improve the quality of the deformation pattern associated with Pidie Jaya earthquake on December 6, 2016. In this study, the descending orbits Sentinel-1A/B combined images product was used to generate a co-seismic interferogram. After coregistered the four images, a small part of the differential interference pattern obtained as a result of the land movement detected. The small part of fringes pattern appears in the coastal area. It was consistent with the field investigation. Unfortunately, the two sets of Sentinel-1 (S1A/S1B) combined product (revisit time of 12 days) used in this study was still not showing significant improvement incoherence. The results still showed similar deformation fringes when using two sets of S1A images (with the revisit time of 24 days). The highly speckled areas indicate the form of decorrelation arises, it may be due the dense vegetation area cause the properties of scatterers to vary over time (temporal decorrelation). Hence, further studies will be conducted using both ALOS-2 PALSAR-2.

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Development of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) for biological nitrogen removal in domestic wastewater treatment (Case study: Surabaya City, Indonesia)

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1903卷

作者： I. Made Wahyu Wijaya Eddy Setiadi Soedjono Nurina Fitriani 1Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya Indonesia 2Study Program of Environmental Science and Technology Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia

Domestic wastewater effluent is the main contributor to diverse water pollution problems. The contaminants contained in the wastewater lead the low quality of water. The presence of ammonium and nitrate along with phosphorus are potentially cause eutrophication and endanger aquatic life. Excess nutrients, mostly N and P is the main cause of eutrophication which is result in oxygen depletion, biodiversity reduction, fish kills, odor and increased toxicity. Most of the domestic wastewater in Surabaya City still contains nitrogen that exceeded the threshold. The range of ammonium and orthophosphate concentration in the domestic wastewater is between 6.29 mg/L – 38.91 mg/L and 0.44 mg/L – 1.86 mg/L, respectively. An advance biological nitrogen removal process called anammox is a sustainable and cost effective alternative to the basic method of nitrogen removal, such as nitrification and denitrification. Many research have been conducted through anammox and resulted promisingly way to remove nitrogen. In this process, ammonium will be oxidized with nitrite as an electron acceptor to produce nitrogen gas and low nitrate in anoxic condition. Anammox requires less oxygen demand, no needs external carbon source, and low operational cost. Based on its advantages, anammox is possible to apply in domestic wastewater treatment in Surabaya with many further studies.

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Provision of healthy toilet for low income community based on community empowerment in Kelurahan Kebonsari, Surabaya City, towards Indonesia open defecation free (ODF) in 2019

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1903卷

作者： Eddy Setiadi Soedjono Nurina Fitriani Adhi Yuniarto I. Made Wahyu Wijaya 1Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya Indonesia 2Study Program of Environmental Science and Technology Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia

One of the causes of open defecation (OD) is low awareness of local community towards open defecation free behavior. This community does not have a healthy toilet and usually defecate in the river. This poor environment is coupled with poverty and small footprint. Therefore, the *** methods should be modified by including the finance concept in form of stimulant funds to accelerate ODF targets by using appropriate technology for land limitations. The construction of healthy toilet in Kelurahan Kebonsari, Jambangan sub-district, was conducted in RW2 which consisted of RT 6 (4 units) and RT 7 (1 unit) and 2 units in RT 2 of RW 3. Construction was initiated with focus group discussion and indepth interview to locate the proper location to be triggered. Healthy toilet construction was conducted in cooperation among self-help community, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), and the community itself. Every month the users had to pay the toilet construction (capacity of 0.75 m3) of IDR 100,000 for 10 months. Therefore, with this healthy toilet construction, KelurahanKebonsari becomes one of ODF village in Surabaya City.

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Identified charged-hadron production in p+Al, He3+Au, and Cu+Au collisions at sNN=200GeV and in U+U collisions at sNN=193GeV

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Physical Review C 2024年第5期109卷 054910-054910页

作者： N. J. Abdulameer U. Acharya A. Adare C. Aidala N. N. Ajitanand Y. Akiba R. Akimoto J. Alexander M. Alfred V. Andrieux K. Aoki N. Apadula H. Asano E. T. Atomssa T. C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev M. Bai X. Bai N. S. Bandara B. Bannier K. N. Barish S. Bathe V. Baublis C. Baumann S. Baumgart A. Bazilevsky M. Beaumier S. Beckman R. Belmont A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov L. Bichon D. Black B. Blankenship D. S. Blau J. S. Bok V. Borisov K. Boyle M. L. Brooks J. Bryslawskyj H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov S. Butsyk S. Campbell V. Canoa Roman R. Cervantes C.-H. Chen D. Chen M. Chiu C. Y. Chi I. J. Choi J. B. Choi S. Choi P. Christiansen T. Chujo V. Cianciolo Z. Citron B. A. Cole M. Connors R. Corliss Y. Corrales Morales N. Cronin N. Crossette M. Csanád T. Csörgő L. D'Orazio T. W. Danley A. Datta M. S. Daugherity G. David C. T. Dean K. DeBlasio K. Dehmelt A. Denisov A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond L. Ding A. Dion P. B. Diss D. Dixit V. Doomra J. H. Do O. Drapier A. Drees K. A. Drees J. M. Durham A. Durum H. En'yo T. Engelmore A. Enokizono R. Esha K. O. Eyser B. Fadem W. Fan N. Feege D. E. Fields M. Finger, Jr. M. Finger D. Firak D. Fitzgerald F. Fleuret S. L. Fokin J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley Y. Fukao Y. Fukuda T. Fusayasu K. Gainey P. Gallus C. Gal P. Garg A. Garishvili I. Garishvili H. Ge M. Giles F. Giordano A. Glenn X. Gong M. Gonin Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S. V. Greene M. Grosse Perdekamp Y. Gu T. Gunji T. Guo H. Guragain T. Hachiya J. S. Haggerty K. I. Hahn H. Hamagaki H. F. Hamilton J. Hanks S. Y. Han M. Harvey S. Hasegawa T. O. S. Haseler K. Hashimoto R. Hayano T. K. Hemmick T. Hester X. He J. C. Hill K. Hill A. Hodges R. S. Hollis K. Homma B. Hong T. Hoshino N. Hotvedt J. Huang T. Ichihara Y. Ikeda K. Imai Y. Imazu M. Inaba A. Iordanova D. Isenhower A. Isinhue D. Ivanishchev B. V. Jacak S. J. Jeon M. Jezghani X. Jiang Z. Ji B. M. Johnson K. S. Joo D. Jouan D. S. Jumper J. Kamin S. Kanda B. H. Kang J. H. Kang J. S. Kang D. Kapukchyan J. Kapustinsky S. Karthas D. Kawall A. V. Kazantsev J. A. Key V. Khachatrya Debrecen University H-4010 Debrecen Egyetem tér 1 Hungary Georgia State University Atlanta Georgia 30303 USA University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Chemistry Department State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook New York 11794 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA Center for Nuclear Study Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Howard University Washington DC 20059 USA KEK High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook New York 11794 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Collider-Accelerator Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 People's Republic of China Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA University of California-Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA Baruch College City University of New York New York New York 10010 USA Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Leningrad Region 188300 Russia Physics and Astronomy Department University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro North Carolina 27412 USA Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA Saint Petersburg Stat

The PHENIX experiment has performed a systematic study of identified charged-hadron (π±, K±, p, p¯) production at midrapidity in p+Al, He3+Au, and Cu+Au collisions at sNN=200GeV and U+U collisions at sNN=193GeV. Identified charged-hadron invariant transverse-momentum (pT) and transverse-mass (mT) spectra are presented and interpreted in terms of radially expanding thermalized systems. The particle ratios of K/π and p/π have been measured in different centrality ranges of large (Cu+Au and U+U) and small (p+Al and He3+Au) collision systems. The values of K/π ratios measured in all considered collision systems were found to be consistent with those measured in p+p collisions. However, the values of p/π ratios measured in large collision systems reach the values of ≈0.6, which is a factor of ≈2 larger than in p+p collisions. These results can be qualitatively understood in terms of the baryon enhancement expected from hadronization by recombination. Identified charged-hadron nuclear-modification factors (RAB) are also presented. Enhancement of proton RAB values over meson RAB values was observed in central He3+Au, Cu+Au, and U+U collisions. The proton RAB values measured in the p+Al collision system were found to be consistent with RAB values of ϕ, π±, K±, and π0 mesons, which may indicate that the size of the system produced in p+Al collisions is too small for recombination to cause a noticeable increase in proton production.

关键词： Hadron production Relativistic heavy-ion collisions Hadrons Kaons Pions Protons

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The effect of earthquake on architecture geometry with non-parallel system irregularity configuration

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2017年第1期99卷

作者： Livian Teddy Gagoek Hardiman Nuroji Sri Tudjono Doctoral Program of Architecture and Urban Diponegoro University Indonesia Departement of Architecture Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Indonesia Doctoral Program of Civil Engineering Diponegoro University Indonesia

Indonesia is an area prone to earthquake that may cause casualties and damage to buildings. The fatalities or the injured are not largely caused by the earthquake, but by building collapse. The collapse of the building is resulted from the building behaviour against the earthquake, and it depends on many factors, such as architectural design, geometry configuration of structural elements in horizontal and vertical plans, earthquake zone, geographical location (distance to earthquake center), soil type, material quality, and construction quality. One of the geometry configurations that may lead to the collapse of the building is irregular configuration of non-parallel system. In accordance with FEMA-451B, irregular configuration in non-parallel system is defined to have existed if the vertical lateral force-retaining elements are neither parallel nor symmetric with main orthogonal axes of the earthquake-retaining axis system. Such configuration may lead to torque, diagonal translation and local damage to buildings. It does not mean that non-parallel irregular configuration should not be formed on architectural design; however the designer must know the consequence of earthquake behaviour against buildings with irregular configuration of non-parallel system. The present research has the objective to identify earthquake behaviour in architectural geometry with irregular configuration of non-parallel system. The present research was quantitative with simulation experimental method. It consisted of 5 models, where architectural data and model structure data were inputted and analyzed using the software SAP2000 in order to find out its performance, and ETAB2015 to determine the eccentricity occurred. The output of the software analysis was tabulated, graphed, compared and analyzed with relevant theories. For areas of strong earthquake zones, avoid designing buildings which wholly form irregular configuration of non-parallel system. If it is inevitable to design a building

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Geothermal system boundary at the northern edge of Patuha Geothermal Field based on integrated study of volcanostratigraphy, geological field mapping, and cool springs contamination by thermal fluids

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2017年第1期103卷

作者： Suryantini C Rachmawati M Abdurrahman Geology Engineering Study Program Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia Jl Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Geothermal Technology Study Program Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia Jl Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132

Patuha Geothermal System is a volcanic hydrothermal system. In this type of system, the boundary of the system is often determined by low resistivity (10 ohm.m) anomaly from Magnetotelluric (MT) or DC-Resistivity survey. On the contrary, during geothermal exploration, the system boundary often need to be determined as early as possible even prior of resistivity data available. Thus, a method that use early stage survey data must be developed properly to reduce the uncertainty of the geothermal area extent delineation at the time the geophysical data unavailable. Geological field mapping, volcanostratigraphy analysis and fluid chemistry of thermal water and cold water are the data available at the early stage of exploration. This study integrates this data to delineate the geothermal system boundary. The geological mapping and volcanostratigraphy are constructed to limit the extent of thermal and cold springs. It results that springs in the study area are controlled hydrologically by topography of Patuha Volcanic Crown (complex) or so called PVC, the current geothermal field and Masigit Volcanic Crown (complex) or so called MVC, the dormant volcano not associated with active geothermal system. Some of the cold springs at PVC are contaminated by subsurface steam heated outflow while others are not contaminated. The contaminated cold springs have several characteristics such as higher water temperature than ambient temperature at the time it was measured, higher total disolved solid (TDS), and lower pH. The soluble elements analysis support the early contamination indication by showing higher cation and anion, and positive oxygen shifting of stable isotope of these cool springs. Where as the uncontaminated spring shows similar characteristic with cool springs occur at MVC. The boundary of the system is delineated by an arbitrary line drawn between distal thermal springs from the upflow or contaminated cool springs with the cool uncontaminated springs. This boundary is

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Regional tectonic and geochemical approach to distinguish bauxite characteristics in Pahang, Malaysia and West Kalimantan, Indonesia

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期212卷

作者： R D Nugraheni D Sunjaya S Agustini Geological Engineering Study Program Faculty of Earth Technology and Energy Universitas Trisakti Jl. Kyai Tapa no.1 Grogol Jakarta Barat Indonesia PT Aneka Tambang Tbk Unit Geomin Jl. Letjen T.B. Simatupang no.1 Lingkar Selatan Tanjung Barat Jakarta Selatan

Indonesia and Malaysia are neighboring countries that situated in a tropical area and suitable for weathering, particularly favorable for lateritic deposit. One of laterite deposit is bauxite, where bauxite was formed as a chemical weathering product of metaluminous to peraluminous igneous rocks. The study area is located in the Kuantan area, Pahang State, Malaysia and West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia, which has contrasting tectonic origin and serve a different parent rock of bauxite. This study aims to distinguish the geochemical characteristics of bauxite in West Kalimantan against bauxite in Pahang Province. Method used in this study consists of pitting examination, where samples were collected from surface to maximum 10 m intervals and vertically logged. Samples were analyzed petrographically, XRD and XRF in order to observe the mineralogical composition and chemical compound. Result shows that magmatism in Pahang is dominated by basalt with oxide concentration of Al2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2 and TiO2 respectively ranges from 43.96 - 51.01%, 16.59 - 18.97%, 2.17 – 9.01% and 2.83 - 2.91%. In Indonesia, the parent rock of andesite and diorite (Al2O3 = 48.11 – 53.49%; Fe2O3 = 6.15 – 17.25%) shows higher amount of Al2O3 than that in granodiorit (Al2O3 = 30.10 – 48.68%). It can be inferred that andesite and diorite as bauxite's parent rock found in Kalimantan Barat generates abundant gibbsite and higher proportion of Al2O3 with lesser goethite and hematite (Fe2O3) relative to basalt as bauxite's parent rock in Pahang.

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