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A methodology for translating positional error into measures of attribute error, and combining the two error sources 7

A methodology for translating positional error into measures...

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7th International Symposium on Spatial Accuracy Assessment in Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, ACCURACY 2006

作者： Carmel, Yohay Flather, Curtis Dean, Denis Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion Haifa32000 Israel USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station 2150 Centre Ave Fort CollinsCO80526-1891 United States Remote Sensing/GIS Program Colorado State University 113 Forestry Building Fort CollinsCO804523-1472 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9728867271

This paper summarizes our efforts to investigate the nature, behavior, and implications of positional error and attribute error in spatiotemporal datasets. Estimating the combined influence of these errors on map analysis has been hindered by the fact that these two error types are traditionally expressed in different units (distance units, and categorical units, respectively. We devised a conceptual model that enables the translation of positional error into terms of thematic error, allowing a simultaneous assessment of the impact of positional error on thematic error -a property that is particularly useful in the case of change detection. Linear algebra-based error model combines these two error types into a single measure of overall thematic accuracy. This model was tested in a series of simulations using artificial maps, in which complex error patterns and interactions between the two error types, were introduced. The model accommodated most of these complexities, but interaction between the two error types was found to violate model assumptions, and reduced its performance. A systematic study of the spatiotemporal structure of error in actual datasets was thus conducted. Only weak and insignificant interactions were found between the two error types. Application of this error model to real-world time series data indicated that such data are much less accurate than is typically thought. These results highlight the importance of reducing positional error. The second part of our paper presents an analysis of how to reduce the impacts of positional error through aggregation (i.e., increasing the observation grain). Aggregation involves information loss, and thus, the choice of a proper cell size for aggregation is important. A model was developed to quantify the decay in impact of positional error, with increasing cell size. Applying the model to actual data sets, a major reduction in effective positional error was found for cell sizes ranging between 3-10 times th

关键词： Linear algebra

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New and economical mixing method of cement-admixed clay for DMM application

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Geotechnical Testing Journal 2005年第1期29卷 54-63页

作者： Lorenzo, Glen A. Bergado, Dennes T. Soralump, Suttisak The Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering Program School of Civil Engineering Asian Institute of Technology Klong Luang Pathumthani12120 Thailand Faculty in the Geotechnical Engineering Kasetsart University Paholyothin Road Bangkok10900 Thailand

The results of unconfined compression and oedometer compression tests confirmed the existence of optimum mixing clay water content for economical and efficient mixing of cement and clay for deep mixing method 共DMM兲 application. A concept supporting the existence of optimum mixing clay water content is presented, and a schematic diagram idealizing the clay-water-air-cement interactions is illustrated. The optimum mixing clay water content (Cw,opt) is defined as the total clay water content of the clay-water-cement mixture that would yield the highest possible improvement in strength of cured cement-admixed clay. Based on the test results presented, the Cw,opt would fall near the liquid limit of the base clay. Significantly, at this optimum mixing water content, only 10 % cement content by weight is needed instead of the corresponding 17 % in the conventional method of mixing, with consequent 40 % reduction of cement content and cost. Copyright © 2006 by ASTM International.

关键词： Mixing

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Quantifying impacts of construction project characteristics on engineering performance: A fuzzy neural network approach

Quantifying impacts of construction project characteristics ...

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2005 ASCE International Conference on Computing in civil engineering

作者： Georgy, Maged E. Chang, Luh-Maan Construction Engineering and Management Program Faculty of Engineering Cairo University Giza Egypt Division of Construction Engineering and Management School of Civil Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907

ISBN: (纸本)0784407940

Performance of the different parties participating in a construction project, particularly engineering professionals, plays an important role in its successful or unsuccessful implementation. This paper presents a study conducted to investigate how project characteristics impact engineering performance in measurable terms. A comprehensive approach that benefits from the capabilities of fuzzy neural networks (FNNs), utility functions and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is specifically employed for such purpose. In this context, utility functions and AHP are integrated together to develop an instrument for measuring engineering performance, while FNNs are used to develop a connectionist structure relating engineering performance to its influential project characteristics. For practicality, the study is implemented in the industrial construction sector. The paper begins with a discussion of the topic of engineering performance and the conventional methods for its measurement in the construction industry. Following is an overview of the adopted approach and the analytical capabilities it has. Afterwards, the paper presents the details of the system used for quantifying the sought impacts in the industrial construction sector, including, the basic architecture of the system and the data sets used in its development. Applying the developed system in quantifying the impact of example project characteristics is also illustrated. Lastly, conclusions of the study are drawn.

关键词： civil engineering

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Management education for construction in Poland and Portugal

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Technological and Economic Development of Economy 2005年第4期11卷 270-277页

作者： Cieszyński, Kazimierz Minasowicz, Andrzej Nowak, Paul Olaf Teixeira, José Cardoso Warsaw University of Technology 00-637 Warsaw Armii Ludowej 16 Poland Polish British Construction Partnership Sp. Z o.o. 00-519 Warsaw Wspólna 41/24 Poland Universtiy of Minho Campus de Azeurem 4700-058 Guimarćes Portugal Department of Construction Engineering and Management Civil Engineering Faculty Warsaw University of Technology Poland CIOB Poland Civil Engineering Faculty Warsaw University of Technology Poland Polish British Construction Partnership Sp. Z o.o. Poland Chartered Institute of Building (FCIOB) Association of Consulting Engineers and Experts (SIDIR) Institution of Civil Engineering (ICE) United Kingdom Association for Total Cost Management Poland American Association of Cost Estimators (AACE) United States Science Association of Construction Process Engineering Poland Polish Association of Building Managers Poland Polish British Construction Partnership Poland Leonardo da Vinci Program Poland Universidade do Minho Portugal

Countries emerging from centralised economies presently face the challenge of rapidly adapting their production structures to the market economy. In the last twelve years Poland has consistently evolved in that direction leading to the development of substantial construction investments and to the advent of thousands of small and medium construction companies. However, construction staff does not seem to fully stand for the demands of this shift, especially because of the lack of management skills now required. Portugal benefits from an uninterrupted process of development in a free economic market environment. Nevertheless, the broad nature of civil engineering undergraduate programmes does not allow young construction professionals to get these management skills at this level of studies. However, present requirements of project management expertise in the free European construction market call for the involvement of higher education institutions of both countries to answer industry demands in this field of knowledge. This paper reports the main objectives and findings of a survey conducted in the scope a Leonardo da Vinci project on the Polish education system requirements for technical and managerial skills of construction professionals.

关键词： Construction Learning Management Poland Portugal

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MASS INCARCERATION: WHO PAYS THE PRICE FOR CRIMINAL OFFENDING?

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Criminology & Public Policy 2006年第2期3卷

作者： TRACEY L. MEARES Tracey Meares received her B.S. in General Engineering from the University of Illinois and her J.D. from The Law School. She joined the University of Chicago faculty in 1994 after serving as an Honors Program Trial Attorney in the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice. Prior to serving as a Department of Justice prosecutor Ms. Meares clerked for Judge Harlington Wood Jr. of the US. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. Ms Meares's teaching and research interests center on criminal procedure and criminal law policy with a particular emphasis on empirical investigation of these subjects. In addition to teaching at The Law School Ms Meares has an appointment as a Research Fellow at the American Bar Foundation. She is also a faculty member of the University of Chicago Center for the Study of Race Politics and Culture.

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Analysis of changes in vegetation biomass using multitemporal and multisensor satellite data 20

Analysis of changes in vegetation biomass using multitempora...

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20th ISPRS Congress on Youth Forum

作者： Akkartal, A. Türüdü, O. Erbek, F.S. Istanbul Technical University Faculty of Civil Engineering Geodesy and Photogrammetry Engineering Department Undergraduate Program Maslak Istanbul34469 Turkey Istanbul Technical University Faculty of Civil Engineering Remote Sensing Division Maslak Istanbul34469 Turkey

Turkey has always been one of the major agricultural countries in the world. The importance of agriculture is increasing due to the growing of population in Turkey and in the world. Although the importance of agriculture in Turkish economy has been declined relatively in the time with respect to GNP (Gnoss National Product) and export, this issue keeps its importance since the high number of workforce and direct relationship between food resources and agriculture. Turkey can make its place stable among the world countries by defining the potential of harvest. Today, new technologies such as remote sensing and GIS can be used for crop estimation and crop mapping. The analyses of the changes in vegetation biomass over years is also so important and will assist in taking stable decisions for national agricultural policies. In this study, which was also undergraduate final project, changes in the vegetation biomass at the Lüleburgaz district, Kirklareli, Thrace region in Turkey was analysed using three multitemporal Landsat TM scenes and one Spot XS scene. In the analyses, different vegetation indices for observing the biomass were evaluated with the help of ground truth data. Based on the results obtained, the effectiveness of the use of multitemporal satellite imagery was outlined. © 2004 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Remote sensing

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Geometric accuracy of high-resolution data for urban planning 20

Geometric accuracy of high-resolution data for urban plannin...

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20th ISPRS Congress on Technical Commission VII

作者： Yaşa, F. Erbek, F. Sunar Ulubay, A. Özkan, C. Istanbul Technical University Faculty of Civil Engineering Geomatic Engineering Graduate Program Maslak Istanbul34469 Turkey Istanbul Technical University Faculty of Civil Engineering Remote Sensing Division Maslak Istanbul34469 Turkey General Command of Mapping Ankara06100 Turkey Erciyes University Geodesy and Photogrammetry Engineering Remote Sensing Division Kayseri38039 Turkey

The very high-resolution satellite data from IKONOS and QuickBird are in a competition to aerial images today. Although the IKONOS satellite has provided the world's first source of commercially available high-resolution satellite imagery, QuickBird is currently the satellite with the highest resolution for civilian uses. While the IKONOS and QuickBird panchromatic band images with 0.82 and 0.61 meter respectively, provide intelligence quality imagery both for military applications, such as monitoring and assessment, as well as for civilian applications such as urban planning and mapping. The multi-spectral bands of IKONOS and QuickBird multi-spectral images with 3.28 and 2.44 meter respectively provide spectral-radiometric measurements for the many applications in land-use mapping, environmental monitoring and resource development. The successful launch of these two high-resolution satellites has narrowed the gap between satellite images and aerial photos. In the near future, it could even replace aerial photos for some applications depending on the resolution and accuracy requirements. In this study, the geometric accuracy analysis has been done with both QuickBird-2003and IKONOS-2002 images for Büyükçekmece region, Istanbul,Turkey. For the accuracy assessment, these two high-resolution images were rectified to UTM coordinate system using 1/5000-scaled orthophotos, GPS and, hand GPS coordinates. The results obtained were tested at the known points and effectiveness of the use of high-resolution data was outlined.

关键词： Military applications

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A proposal for an integrated utilities engineering-Management M.S. program

A proposal for an integrated utilities Engineering-Managemen...

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2004 37th Annual Frontiers of Power Conference

作者： Barnes, Frank S. Fuchs, Ewald F. Tietjen, Jill S. Silverstein, Joann Ko, Hon-Yim Lookabaugh, Tom Brown, Timothy X. Sicker, Douglas C. University of Colorado AAAS IEEE International Engineering Consortium National Academy of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering LLC McNeil Technologies Board for Girl Scouts Mile Hi Council Georgia Transmission Corporation of Tucker GA ABET Inc. National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying SWE IEEE Power Engineering Society Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering UCB National Water Research Institute Women in Engineering Program Center of the American West College of Engineering Department of Civil Environmental and Archetectural Engineering University of Colorado Jet Propulsion Laboratory Computer Science Department Interdisciplinary Telecommunications Program University of Colorado Boulder University of Colorado Boulder Electrical Engineering and Interdisciplinary Telecommunications University of Colorado Boulder Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder ITP Laboratory ACM Internet Society Faculty of the Progress and Freedom Foundation Institute for Regulatory Law and Economics Aspen Institute Communications and Society Program CU Computer and Communications Security Center Center for Science and Technology Policy Research Research and Engineering Center for Unmanned Vehicles Electrical and Computer Engineering Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering

Electric, water, gas and transportation utilities face severe challenges associated with security, quality, availability, reliability and profitability issues. They must solve interrelated system problems with respect to generation of electricity, transportation of fuel, and potable as well as waste water. In the future, engineers and managers of utilities must be well versed in the different disciplines of engineering including electrical civil, mechanical and information technology. The University of Colorado at Boulder addresses this educational opportunity by proposing a novel Integrated Utilities Management program for M.S. candidates who have a solid B.S. background or equivalent in a related discipline. The M.S. program will consist of four interdisciplinary paths dealing with business management and legal topics as they relate to federal and state regulatory issues, as well as agency and people-related leadership issues. The electric utilities option of this program will be centered on three core courses related to electric power generation/transmission and distribution, security and availability, quality and reliability, economics and environmental policy, and utility finance;two elective courses from a group of courses that address nuclear power, waste water, solid waste, telecommunications, renewable energies, data communication, fuels and case studies;and one capstone course consisting of either operations research or the investigation and resolution of a pending utility project such as the right-of-way of transmission lines, specification of new power plants, retrofitting of power plants or their impact on the environment. It is expected that candidates for this MS program will come from universities, from utilities, and from private and public agencies. The MS program can be completed by full- or part time students within one or two years of intensive study, respectively. Courses will be taught both on campus and nationwide via the Center for Advanced

关键词： Public utilities

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Chopping of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Required to Produce Compost Material

Chopping of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Required to Produce C...

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国际农业工程大会

作者： Hadi Suryanto Lecturer and Head Study Program of Agricultural Engineering Faculty of Agriculture Andalas University PO Box 87 Padang Indonesia.

In Indonesia, there is about 2 million ha of oil palm plantation with 25-ton/ha/year fruit bunch. Besides oil, processing of fruit bunch also produces empty bunch of about 25%. This empty bunch is usually burned at th... 详细信息

关键词： Chopping of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Required to Produce Compost Material

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NUMERICAL COMPUTATION of CRENULATE BAY SHAPE 28

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28th International Conference on Coastal engineering, ICCE 2002

作者： Weesakul, Sutat Rasmeemasmuang, Thammanoon Water Engineering and Management Program SCE.AIT P.O box 4 Klong Luang Pathumthani12120 Thailand Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Burapha University Chonburi20131 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9812382380

The numerical model is developed to compute the shoreline change in a crenulate bay. The proposed combined polar and Cartesian coordinate is applied in the vicinity of the upcoast control point where like hooked shape shoreline is formed. The initial shape of shoreline and starting time of shoreline computation in the hook zone is studied. The model is calibrated and verified with laboratory data and static equilibrium bay shape and showed good agreement. © 2003 World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.

关键词： Coastal engineering

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