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Sensitivity analysis of planetary boundary layer and microphysics parameterization schemes in WRF model for Guwahati urban domain

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Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies 2025年 60卷

作者： Ved Prakash Om Prakash Vats Aniket Chakravorty Uditha Ratnayake Rajib Kumar Bhattacharjya Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Department of Civil Engineering Guwahati Assam 781039 India Government Engineering College Aurangabad Department of Civil Engineering Aurangabad Bihar 824125 India National Institute of Technology Patna Department of Civil Engineering Patna Bihar 800005 India North Eastern Spacef Applications Centre Department of Space Government of India Shillong Meghalaya India Universiti Teknologi Brunei Civil Engineering Program Area Faculty of Engineering Brunei Darussalam Brunei

Study region Guwahati, Assam, India. Study focus Increasing frequency of flash floods highlights the critical necessity for a reliable flood forecasting system to minimize potential human and property losses. Numerical Weather Prediction models plays crucial role in informed decision-making and risk mitigation, especially the challenge of flood forecasting, which requires precise and high-resolution precipitation forecasts. This study delves into a detailed parameter sensitivity analysis to improve the accuracy of precipitation forecasts within a mesoscale urban climate. By conducting simulations using Weather Research and Forecasting model, coupled with Local Climate Zone map, research concentrates on refining mesoscale simulations tailored for urban climates. New hydrologic insights for the region Model performance is thoroughly assessed by comparing the simulated precipitation data from WRF model with observed MSWEP data. This study explores application of a multi-criteria-based decision-making method, TOPSIS analysis. Based on TOPSIS analysis, among 10 combinations of Microphysics and Planetary Boundary Layer schemes, WSM6-MYJ, WSM6-BL, and WSM5-MYJ configurations consistently emerged as the most effective across all significant rainfall events. These combinations demonstrated strong correlation coefficients of 0.96, 0.76, and 0.94, respectively. Correspondingly, their RMSE (in mm) values were found to be 1.72, 1.5, and 2. The findings of this research offer valuable guidance for selecting parameterization schemes to enhance the precision of urban atmospheric simulations, consequently improving predictive capabilities and assisting in resilience development against extreme weather events.

关键词： RCM WRF TOPSIS PBL MP MSWEP Parameterization Guwahati

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Blockchain and Machine Learning For Predictive Analytics in Customer Relationship Management

Blockchain and Machine Learning For Predictive Analytics in ...

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International Conference on ICT in Business Industry & Government (ICTBIG)

作者： Jatin Khurana Santhosh Kumar. C Ashmeet Kaur Anila Bajpai Monali Ravindra Borade N. Kalidas Centre of Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University Rajpura Punjab India Department of Civil Prince Shri Venkateshwara Padmavathy Engineering College Chennai Chitkara Centre for Research and Development Chitkara University Himachal Pradesh India Program Manager School of Mangement - UG Management JAIN (Deemed to be University) Bangalore Karnataka India AI & Ds Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Pune India Department of Mechanical Engineering Karpagam Academy of Higher Education Coimbatore

ISBN: (数字)9798331518981

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518998

CRM strengthens customer relationships in today's fast-paced corporate land-scape. This paper examines a novel strategy that integrates RNN, Deep Learning, and NLP with Blockchain-Enhanced Customer Relationship Management. This relationship might help firms foresee consumer needs, engage with them, and protect their data, improving CRM. Blockchain CRM (BCRM) secures and simplifies data. Trust and transparency are encouraged while customer data is protected. Deep learning algorithms make it simpler to segment clients and customize offerings. Time-series analysis using machine learning algorithms like RNN predicts client behavior accurately. NLP helps firms understand client feedback by analyzing reviews and comments. Our testing revealed RNN, NLP, and Deep Learning performed better. NLP was flawless, RNN right, and Deep Learning superior. These findings illustrate that the offered solutions may accommodate many corporate objectives and duties. Our graphics helped firms identify the optimal algorithm for CRM enhancement initiatives by comparing them. In predictive analytics accuracy, data security, speed, customization, and rule compliance, the BCRM approach using blockchain and machine learning outperforms CRM alternatives. It provides firms a competitive advantage in maintaining and strengthening customer connections, creating trust, and driving growth and success in a data-driven world.

关键词： Deep learning Machine learning algorithms Accuracy Data security Time series analysis Smart contracts Customer relationship management Prediction algorithms Blockchains Predictive analytics

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Harnessing High-Level Hydrogen Sulfide Stress for Enhanced Biogas Utilization: Adaptive Resilience of a Mixed-Culture System

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhou, Yan Zhang, Baorui Liu, Jianbo Cai, Chen Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University 61 Nanyang Drive 637335 Singapore Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University 1 Cleantech Loop Singapore637141 Singapore CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore639798 Singapore

Biogas, a heterogeneous mixture predominantly composed of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), serves as a substrate for diverse microorganisms, including methanotrophs and microalgae, facilitating carbon sequestration, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, and generating biomass for multifarious applications. However, the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a common contaminant in biogas, can exert toxic effects on these microorganisms, potentially inhibiting their growth and metabolic processes. This study investigated the effects of H2S on a mixed-culture system utilizing a long-term continuous flow photobioreactor. The results demonstrated that the mixed-culture system could tolerate H2S concentration up to 1000 ppm without significant performance deterioration. Notably, when the mixed-culture system was exposed to a higher H2S concentration (5000 ppm) for an extended period of one month, the CH4 and CO2 utilization rates increased threefold. Furthermore, the primary byproduct, protein, constituted over 50% of the cell dry weight. Comprehensive analysis of the microbial community composition and metabolic pathways revealed adaptive shifts in response to H2S stress. In-depth analysis of functional genes indicated that the system possessed the capacity to adapt and maintain its functionality even under severe H2S stress. This study provides valuable insights into microbial and metabolic mechanisms underlying H2S resistance in a mixed culture, providing an opportunity for the establishment of an H2S-resistant biosystem for practical biogas transformation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen sulfide

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Evaporation from the Dried-Up Lake Bed of Lake Urmia, Iran

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Darehshouri, Sahand Michelsen, Nils Schüth, Christoph Tajrishy, Massoud Schulz, Stephan Technische Universität Darmstadt Institute of Applied Geosciences Schnittspahnstr. 9 Darmstadt64287 Germany Sharif University of Technology Urmia Lake Restoration Program Department of Civil Engineering Azadi Ave Tehran11365-11155 Iran

Lake Urmia in north-western Iran was once one of the world’s largest hyper-saline lakes and represented a unique ecosystem for a number of endangered species. The lake’s shrinking over the past decades has attracted considerable attention and several studies have addressed its water balance. Yet, evaporation of shallow groundwater from the dried-up lake bed has not been fully quantified – despite the appreciable size of these areas (approx. 4,000 km² in summer 2015).Here, we target this water cycle component by combining column experiments with upscaling and regionalisation techniques. In the experiments, we studied evaporation from two undisturbed soil cores from the exposed lake bed in a climate chamber, mimicking diurnal temperature and humidity variations in the three summer months of the study area. Despite the dropping water levels in the columns and the formation of salt crusts, evaporation rates remained remarkably constant (0.12 and 0.20 mm d -1 ). This suggests that the system is not driven by slow vapour diffusion, but controlled by capillary rise in the fine-grained sediments, ensuring steady water supply to the column surface. Thus, evaporation from the dried-up lake bed can be assumed to be largely independent from the unsaturated zone thickness (within the observed water level range) and evaporation rates can be simply upscaled and regionalised by considering the satellite-derived development of dried-up lake bed areas (1998-2020).In this time-period, estimated summer evaporation from the exposed lake bed reached maximum values of 0.04 and 0.07 km³ (summer 2015). While these absolute numbers are significant (comparable to the catchment’s annual urban drinking water consumption), they correspond to only 4 and 7% of the evaporation from the open lake surface (1.06 km³). © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lakes

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Accelerating Environmental Research to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & technology LETTERS 2023年第11期10卷 961-962页

作者： Mihelcic, James R. Barra, Ricardo O. Brooks, Bryan W. Diamond, Miriam L. Eckelman, Matthew J. Gibson, Jacqueline MacDonald Guidotti, Sunny Ikeda-Araki, Atsuko Kumar, Manish Maiga, Ynoussa McConville, Jennifer Miller, Shelly L. Pizarro, Valeria Rosario-Ortiz, Fernando Wang, Shuxiao Zimmerman, Julie B. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of South Florida 4202 E Fowler Ave ENG 030 Tampa Florida 33620 United States Faculty of Environmental Sciences and EULA Chile Centre University of Concepcion Barrio Universitario s/n Concepción 4070386 Chile Department of Environmental Science Baylor University One Bear Place #97266 Waco Texas 76798-7266 United States Department of Earth Sciences and School of the Environment University of Toronto Toronto M5S 1A1 ON Canada College of Engineering Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts 02115 United States Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering North Carolina State University Fitts-Woolard Hall Room 3253 915 Partners Way Raleigh North Carolina 27695-7908 United States UNICEF Latin America and Caribbean Regional Office Building 102 Alberto Tejada Street City of Knowledge 0843 Republic of Panama Faculty of Health Sciences Hokkaido University Kita 12 Nishi 5 Kitaku Sapporo 060-0812 Japan Sustainability Cluster School of Engineering University of Petroleum & Energy Studies Dehradun Uttarakhand 248007 India Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias Tecnologico de Monterrey Campus Monterey Monterrey 64849 Nuevo León Mexico Laboratory of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology UFR SVT University Joseph KI-ZERBO 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Energy and Technology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7032 Uppsala SE-750 07 Sweden Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder 427 UCB Boulder Colorado 80309-0427 United States Perry Institute for Marine Science Windsor School (Albany Campus) Frank Watson Boulevard Adelaide The Bahamas Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering Environmental Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 United States State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084

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Warming inhibits Increases in Vegetation Net Primary Productivity despite Greening in India

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Das, Ripan Chaturvedi, Rajiv Kumar Roy, Adrija Karmakar, Subhankar Ghosh, Subimal Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai400 076 India Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Birla Institute of Technology and Science Goa Campus Zuarinagar India Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai400 076 India Environmental Science and Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai400 076 India

India is the second-highest contributor to the post-2000 global greening. With satellite data, here we show that this 18.51% increase in Leaf Area Index (LAI) during 2001-2019 fails to translate into increased carbon uptake due to warming constraints. Our analysis further shows 6.19% decrease in Net Primary Productivity (NPP) during 2001-2019 over the temporally consistent forests in India despite 6.75% increase in LAI. We identify hotspots of statistically significant decreasing trends in NPP over the key forested regions of Northeast India, Peninsular India, and the Western Ghats. Together, these areas contribute to 31% of the NPP of India (1274.8 *** -1). These regions are the warming hotspots in India. Decreasing photosynthesis and stable respiration, above a threshold temperature, are the key reasons behind the declining NPP. Warming has already started affecting carbon uptake in Indian forests and calls for improved climate resilient forest management practices in a warming world. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Photosynthesis

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Venturing into discipline-specific activities for different sections of the same introductory engineering design course

Venturing into discipline-specific activities for different ...

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2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference, ASEE 2020

作者： Bordelon, Amanda Christine Thackeray, Susan L. Tolman, Sean S. Loftus, Jane M. Civil Engineering Program Utah Valley University United States Technology Management Department Utah Valley University United States Mechanical Engineering Program Utah Valley University United States Developmental Mathematics Department Utah Valley University United States

This complete evidence-based practice paper will describe two approaches implemented of a design-based introduction to engineering course: a discipline-specific and a generalized mechanical engineering approach. The Introduction to engineering course is a three hour per week hands-on design class with the goal of providing students with the feeling of what engineering is like through engaging activities related to engineering and developing skills like teamwork, communication, and following a design process. With the intention that the class should excite, prepare, and retain more students, there has been conflicting agreement on if it should be delivered as a discipline-specific or as a universal cross-disciplinary version. For this study, students were assessed with Likert-based survey questions about how they felt the class prepared them or engaged them for a career in engineering and if they planned to remain in their program. The survey was given at the end of the semester they took their respective Introduction to engineering course. Statistical p-values were calculated from the Likert scores with respect to the discipline area of the student, the instructor, the semester, and the demographics of the student class population. The course was delivered in one semester as a generalized mechanical-engineering focused design approach and then in a second semester as the three discipline-specific (civil, electrical, and mechanical) approaches. The course was co-taught by three instructors (from civil, electrical, and mechanical), and for the generalized mechanical approach all three instructors gave the same lectures, assignments, and in-class activities. In both semesters, the core of the course involved having students complete a group design process and individual written reports. In the generalized mechanical approach, students also have lectures and assignments related to learning Excel, SolidWorks, hands-on machine tools, and electrical wiring scenarios using

关键词： Students

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Impacts of vegetation over bedforms on flow characteristics in gravel-bed rivers

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2019年第5期31卷 986-998页

作者： Hossein Afzalimehr Mohammad Reza Maddahi Jueyi Sui Majid Rahimpour Department of Civil Engineering Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran Department of Water Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran Environmental Engineering Program University of Northern British ColumbiaCanada

In the present study,among six gravel-bed river reaches,two natural gravel-bed river reaches with approximately similar bedforms and flow conditions have been found,one river reach with vegetation on bedforms and the other without vegetation on *** on field measurements,the impacts of vegetation over bedforms on flow characteristics have been *** velocity,Reynolds stress and turbulence intensity distributions over bedforms with vegetation have been compared with those over gravel bedforms without *** using the quadrant analysis,the dominant events of turbulent flow structures have been assessed for flows over gravel bedforms with vegetation and without *** show that the effect of vegetation enhances the anisotropy in turbulence and generates strong secondary currents,which lead to the occurrence of dip phenomenon at the stoss section and the crest of vegetated *** change of bed roughness from gravel bed to vegetated bed causes a development of a new boundary *** resulted in the different shape of velocity distributions over bedforms with vegetation from those over bedforms without vegetation,which can affect the lives of aquatic *** shear stress at downstream section of gravel bedform without vegetation is much higher than that of vegetated bedform,which shows that the erosion takes place from downstream of vegetated bedforms,while in the bare beds;the deposition is at downstream of *** is found that the presence of vegetation causes a chaotic distribution pattern of Reynolds shear stress,while it has more orderly pattern at the downstream section of gravel bedform without ***,the distribution of turbulence intensity in the lee side of vegetated bedform has a concave shape and in the stoss section,turbulence is generated in ejections and sweeps near the vegetation *** findings are significant to the practice of river ecological restoration.

关键词： Bedform Reynolds shear stress distribution turbulence intensity vegetation velocity profiles

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Identification of high safety risks in box girder bridge construction to develop a safety plan for elevated railway projects

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2877卷

作者： Pungky Dharma Saputra Luxpetrus Agustian Suhandi Idi Namara Nina Purwanti Muhammad Hamzah Fansuri Anasya Arsita Laksmi Military Building Construction Engineering Study Program Faculty of Military Engineering Indonesia Defense University Bogor Indonesia Civil Engineering Study Program School of Engineering & Technology Tanri Abeng University Jakarta Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok Indonesia

Indonesia is active in infrastructure development, especially the railway infrastructure. Currently, there are a lot of elevated railway construction projects and there are many construction accidents in elevated construction. Different construction methods in elevated construction lead to different safety risks. Therefore, it is necessary to identify safety risks, especially high risks. The main objective of this research is to identify high safety risks in box girder construction on elevated railway projects. This research was designed in 3 main stages, starting from risk identification, expert validation, and risk assessment survey. The main variable is the safety risk in box girder construction with launching gantry, heavy shoring, and cast in situ method. The project reviewed is the Double Track (DDT) Railway Project in Jakarta. The result of the analysis shows that there were some high safety risks in box girder construction with launching gantry method, heavy shoring method, and cast in situ method i.e. traffic accident, hit by heavy equipment, fall from a height, struck down by material, wire hanger broke, formwork collapse, heavy shoring collapse, heavy equipment overturned and collapsed and struck down by box girder. The result of this research can be a determinant in the development of good construction safety planning for the next elevated railway project.

关键词：

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Impact of Highest Maximum Sustained Wind Speed and Its Duration on Storm Surges and Hydrodynamics Along Krishna-Godavari Coast

Research Square

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Research Square 2021年

作者： Sebastian, Maneesha Behera, Manasa Ranjan Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Maharashtra Mumbai400076 India Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai400076 India

The storm surge and hydrodynamics along the Krishna-Godavari (K-G) basin are examined based on numerical experiments designed from assessing the landfalling cyclones in Bay of Bengal (BoB) over the past 38 years with respect to its highest maximum sustained wind speed and its duration. The model is validated with the observed water levels at the tide gauge stations at Visakhapatnam during Helen (2013) and Hudhud (2014). Effect of gradual and rapid intensification of cyclones on the peak water levels and depth average currents are examined and the vulnerable locations are identified. The duration of intensification of a rapidly intensifying cyclone over the continental shelf contributed to about 10-18 % increase in the peak water levels, whereas for the gradually intensifying cyclone the effect is trivial. The inclusion of the wave-setup increased the peak water levels up to 39% compared to those without wave-setup. In the deep water region, only rapidly intensifying cyclones affected the peak MWEs. Intensification over the continental slope region significantly increases the currents along the shelf region and coast. The effect on peak maximum depth averaged current extends up to 400 km from the landfall location. Thus, it is necessary to consider the effect of various combinations of the highest cyclone intensity and duration of intensification for identifying the worst scenarios for impact assessment of coastal processes and sediment transport. The study is quite useful in improving the storm surge prediction, in preparedness, risk evaluation, and vulnerability assessment of the coastal regions in the present changing climate. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Water levels

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