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Applications of engineered biochar in remediation of heavy metal(loid)s pollution from wastewater: Current perspectives toward sustainable development goals

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Science of the Total Environment 2024年 926卷 171859页

作者： Tran, Thien-Khanh Huynh, Loan Nguyen, Hoang-Lam Nguyen, Minh-Ky Lin, Chitsan Hoang, Tuan-Dung Hung, Nguyen Tri Q. Nguyen, X. Hoan Chang, S. Woong Nguyen, D. Duc Advanced Applied Sciences Research Group Dong Nai Technology University Bien Hoa City76100 Viet Nam Faculty of Technology Dong Nai Technology University Bien Hoa City76100 Viet Nam Department of Civil Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Nong Lam University Hamlet 6 Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung81157 Taiwan Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung81157 Taiwan School of Chemistry and Life Science Hanoi University of Science and Technology No. 1 Dai Co Viet Hai Ba Trung Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Vietnam National University Hanoi - School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Arts 144 Xuan Thuy Street Cau Giay District Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Department of Civil & Energy System Engineering Kyonggi University Suwon16227 Korea Republic of Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development Nguyen Tat Thanh University Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam

Environmental pollution of heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) caused adverse impacts, has become one of the emerging concerns and challenges worldwide. Metal(loid)s can pose significant threats to living organisms even when present in trace levels within environmental matrices. Extended exposure to these substances can lead to adverse health consequences in humans. Removing HM-contaminated water and moving toward sustainable development goals (SDGs) is critical. In this mission, biochar has recently gained attention in the environmental sector as a green and alternative material for wastewater removal. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of the remediation of typical HMs by biochars, associated with an understanding of remediation mechanisms, and gives practical solutions for ecologically sustainable. Applying engineered biochar in various fields, especially with nanoscale biochar-aided wastewater treatment approaches, can eliminate hazardous metal(loid) contaminants, highlighting an environmentally friendly and low-cost method. Surface modification of engineered biochar with nanomaterials is a potential strategy that positively influences its sorption capacity to remove contaminants. The research findings highlighted the biochars' ability to adsorb HM ions based on increased specific surface area (SSA), heightened porosity, and forming inner-sphere complexes with oxygen-rich groups. Utilizing biochar modification emerged as a viable approach for addressing lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), and chromium (Cr) pollution in aqueous environments. Most biochars investigated demonstrated a removal efficiency >90 % (Cd, As, Hg) and can reach an impressive 99 % (Pb and Cr). Furthermore, biochar and advanced engineered applications are also considered alternative solutions based on the circular economy. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Nanostructured materials

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Extraction of Cr(Ⅵ) from chromite ore processing residue via hydrothermal-assisted phase transformation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第7期31卷 1956-1960页

作者： Xiaofeng Mo Jin Zhou Le Lin Zuqi Zhong Shaohua Yang Xueming Liu Zhenqing Shi Dongye Zhao Zhang Lin The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters(Ministry of Education) School of Environment and EnergySouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge CityGuangzhou 510006China Environmental Engineering Program Department of Civil EngineeringAuburn UniversityAuburn AL 36849United States

The effective extracting Cr(Ⅵ) from chromite ore processing residue(COPR) is the key to achieve COPR detoxification and *** developed an effective method to extract Cr(Ⅵ) from COPR via controlling the phase transformation of Cr(Ⅵ)-containing *** analysis showed that Cr(Ⅵ) was mainly incorporated in the hydrocalumite(NaCa4Al2O6(SO4/CrO4)1.5-15H2O) in COPR,which was a layered-double hydroxide(LDH) with multilayer *** the hydrothermal treatment experiments,the Na2CO3 solution showed significant extraction effect of Cr(Ⅵ) and detoxification effect of *** treatment,95% of Cr(Ⅵ) was removed and the Cr(Ⅵ) concentration in the leachate was decreased to 1.6 mg/L by the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure(TCLP),within the regulatory limit disposal standard(HJ/T 301-2007,3 mg/L).Further study revealed that,during the treatment,hydrocalumite transformed into calcite(CaCO3) under the effect of mineralizer,therefore,the layered structure collapsed and the incorporated Cr(Ⅵ) was released to the ***,the Cr(Ⅵ)desorbed from calcite with the calcite particles grew into large size with smooth ***-flow experiment revealed that the amount of chromium released from CORP to the environment was significantly reduced after treatment,and it is safer for landfill *** work will provide an instructive guidance for the detoxification and recovery of COPR.

关键词： Chromite ore processing residue Hexavalent chromium extraction Hydrothermal mineralization Phase transformation

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Risk Perception and Driving Behavior Under Short-Lead Evacuation: Post Disaster Analysis of 2020 Beirut Port Explosion

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Tahesh, Ghina Abdulsattar, Harith Zeid, Maya Abou Chen, Chen McMaster Institute of Transportation and Logistics McMaster University HamiltonONL8S 4K1 Canada Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering American University of Beirut Beirut1107 2020 Lebanon Fire and Emergency Management Program Division of Engineering Technology Oklahoma State University StillwaterOK74078 United States Faculty of Engineering & Architecture Lebanon

Human-made disasters continue to be the most dangerous of all types of disasters due to their suddenness and unpredictability. This calls for a thorough examination of people’s evacuation behavior due to its impact on the evacuation procedure and its significance for evacuation planning. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the decision-making process of residents in case a human-made disaster occurs with an application to Beirut, Lebanon. This study is essential for pre-disaster planning, which mitigates potential damage from such disasters. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), the current study uses the Protective Action Decision Model (PADM) framework to explain intention toward evacuation behavior before a human-made disaster in three situations: being at home with all family members, having absent family members, and being at work or university when the event occurs. The findings of this study show that the PADM framework is relevant to explaining evacuation behavior intentions prior to a human-made disaster incident. Results indicate that knowledge perception does not trigger the intended behavior of evacuating immediately in the studied situations. Besides, the results indicate low confidence in the government’s emergency plans and the unreliability of the official government warnings about human-made hazards. Overall, the findings of this study may contribute to a better understanding of evacuation behavior from disasters with less lead warning time. Besides, they may aid the Disaster Risk Management unit of Lebanon in developing emergency evacuation strategies that: understand the public’s evacuation behavior;customize city-specific evacuation logistics;optimize the dissemination of evacuation information. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Disasters

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Quantifying Outdoor Cooling Effects of Vertical Green System on Mean Radiant Temperature

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Yun, Seok Hwan Lee, Dong Kun Kim, Na Youn Piao, Zheng Gang Kim, Sang Hyuck Park, Seunghwan Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Building Energy Research Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology Goyang10223 Korea Republic of

Vertical green systems (VGS) are expected to mitigate outdoor heat stress through a transpiration cooling effect. There is a lack of knowledge on how VGS influence outdoor thermal comfort, particularly focusing on energy flux. This study quantifies the outdoor cooling effects of VGS, and distinguishes the energy flux between them and outdoor urban spaces. In addition, we discuss their cooling efficiency. Outdoor experiments were conducted during the hot summer period on building facades in city. Our study on VGS focused on the measurement of climatic variables, surface temperatures of plant leaves (Fatsia japonica), net radiation, and estimating transpiration and evaporation. The surface temperature of VGS were up to 4.3 °C higher than those of high albedo walls, while the reflected radiations (short and long-wave radiation) were 120 w/m2 lower than albedo walls during the day. The mean radiant temperature (MRT) of VGS was 3.02 °C lower than the high albedo wall during daytime, except in the case of shaded areas (0.45 °C). We confirmed that the cooling efficiency of transpiration was 7.38 times more effective than evaporation from soil without plants. Therefore, VGS is efficient in terms of long-term heat reduction and can be an effective strategy to mitigate outdoor heat stress. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Transpiration

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Knowledge, Awareness, and Resilience of Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Risk Reduction in Coastal Area 2

Knowledge, Awareness, and Resilience of Earthquake and Tsuna...

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2nd International Conference on Sciences and technology Applications, ICOSTA 2020

作者： Retno Susilorini, Rr M. I. Febrina, Rina Fitra, Helmia Adita Rajagukguk, Juniastel Wardhani, Dhiyan Krishna Arya Wastanimpuna, B.Y. Nola Prameswari, Laurel Lia Department of Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang Central Java50234 Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Malahayati University Bandar Lampung South Sumatera35153 Indonesia Department of Regional and Urban Planning Sumatera Institute of Technology South Lampung South Sumatera35365 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Medan Medan North Sumatera20221 Indonesia Doctoral Program of Digital Architecture Faculty of Architecture and Design Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang Central Java50234 Indonesia

Indonesia is earthquake and tsunami prone areas, included Sumatera Island. Bandar Lampung is also vulnerable to earthquake and tsunami, especially Kangkung fishing village in Lampung Bay. Disaster risk reduction is very important to be implemented in the cases of earthquake and tsunami, which can save more life and build resilience in facing the hazard. This research aimed to study how the knowledge, awareness, and resilience of people in Kangkung fishing village can strengthen the earthquake and tsunami disaster risk reduction. This research conducted by quantitative methods. Survey and interview of 53 respondents were conducted as well as data collecting approached by purposive sampling. The results found that there is little knowledge and awareness of people in Kangkung fishing village of the hazard of earthquake and tsunami. Therefore, this research proposed a model of "Community-Based Resilience Strategy"Model of earthquake and tsunami disaster risk reduction. It is a comprehensive and sustainable model of how people take a part in disaster risk reduction by intensive participatory. Conclusion of this research emphasized that disaster risk reduction is a big matter in marginalized society such as people in Kangkung fishing village. The "Community-Based Resilience Strategy"Model of earthquake and tsunami disaster risk reduction that may increase the knowledge and awareness to become more resilience. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Hazards

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Large Language Models (LLMs) as Traffic Control Systems at Urban Intersections: A New Paradigm

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Masri, Sari Ashqar, Huthaifa I. Elhenawy, Mohammed Arab American University 13 Zababdeh P.O Box 240 Jenin Palestine Civil Engineering Department Arab American University 13 Zababdeh P.O Box 240 Jenin Palestine Artificial Intelligence Program Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science Columbia University 500 W 120th St New YorkNY10027 United States CARRS-Q Centre for Data Science Queensland University of Technology 130 Victoria Park Rd Kelvin GroveQLD4059 Australia

This study introduces a novel approach for traffic control systems by using Large Language Models (LLMs) as traffic controllers. The study utilizes their logical reasoning, scene understanding, and decision-making capabilities to optimize throughput and provide feedback based on traffic conditions in real-time. LLMs centralize traditionally disconnected traffic control processes and can integrate traffic data from diverse sources to provide context-aware decisions. LLMs can also delivere tailored outputs using various means such as wireless signals and visuals to drivers, infrastructures, and autonomous vehicles. To evaluate LLMs ability as traffic controllers, this study proposed a four-stage methodology. The methodology includes data creation and environment initialization, prompt engineering, conflict identification, and fine-tuning. We simulated multi-lane four-leg intersection scenarios and generates detailed datasets to enable conflict detection using LLMs and Python simulation as a ground truth. We used chain-of-thought prompts to lead LLMs in understanding the context, detecting conflicts, resolving them using traffic rules, and delivering context-sensitive traffic management solutions. We evaluated the prformance GPT-mini, Gemini, and Llama as traffic controllers. Results showed that the fine-tuned GPT-mini achieved 83% accuracy and an F1-score of 0.84. GPT-mini model exhibited a promising performance in generating actionable traffic management insights, with high ROUGE-L scores across conflict identification of 0.95, decision-making of 0.91, priority assignment of 0.94, and waiting time optimization of 0.92. This methodology confirmed LLMs' benefits as a traffic controller in real-world applications. We demonstrated that LLMs can offer precise recommendations to drivers in real-time including yielding, slowing, or stopping based on vehicle dynamics. This study demonstrates LLMs transformative potential for traffic control, enhancing efficiency and safety a

关键词： Street traffic control

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Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Crassphage in Hospital Wastewater and a Canal Receiving the Treatment Effluent

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Siri, Yadpiroon Sresung, Montakarn Paisantham, Phongsawat Mongkolsuk, Skorn Sirikanchana, Kwanrawee Honda, Ryo Precha, Nopadol Makkaew, Prasert Environmental Safety Technology and Health Program School of Public Health Walailak University Thaiburi Thasala Nakhon Si Thammarat80160 Thailand Research Laboratory of Biotechnology Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok10210 Thailand OPS MHESI Bangkok10400 Thailand Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering Kanazawa University Kakumamachi Kanazawa Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan Department of Environmental Health and Technology School of Public Health Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80160 Thailand Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80160 Thailand

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a pervasive global issue, with hospital wastewater serving as a prominent hotspot for its dissemination within aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and their correlation with crAssphage, a human-specific faecal source tracking marker, in a hospital wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and a receiving canal. Water samples were analysed using high throughput qPCR (HT-qPCR) to determine the relative abundance of 94 ARGs and crAssphage to the 16S rRNA gene, as well as qPCR to determine concentrations of selected ARGs and crAssphage. The HT-qPCR results showed the detected gene count fluctuated between 85 and 93, peaking in WW samples (91 to 93 genes). Intriguingly, the gene diversity in the upstream canal reflected that of the WWTP, suggesting the possibility of prior contamination. The study identified blaGES as the most relative abundant gene in untreated wastewater, while qacE∆1, merA, and mobile genetic elements (IS6100, tnpA, and IS26) showed high prevalence throughout the treatment processes. The lower relative abundance of these genes in the upstream canal suggests a potential risk for canal contamination. WWTP removal efficiency ranged from 0.60 to 3.23 log reduction values, suggesting that WWTP plays a crucial role in reducing the ARG abundance. Apart from blaVIM, no significant differences were observed in the absolute abundance of most genes between treated effluent and environmental samples, indicating a widespread distribution of these genes in the environment. Strong positive correlations among the absolute concentrations of ARGs and crAssphage were observed (Spearman’s rho = 0.6 – 1.0), suggesting that crAssphage could reflect the distribution of other ARGs throughout the treatment processes. These results underline the significance of monitoring ARGs in hospital wastewater and their receiving waters, and the role of robust biomarkers like crAssphage in

关键词： Genes

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Traffic impact analysis construction of Grha Padmanaba

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2846卷

作者： Raafi Widyaputra Yulianyahya Kalimantan Institute of Technology Civil Engineering and Planning Department Civil Engineering Study Program Jl. Soekarno Hatta No.KM 15 Karang Joang Balikpapan Utara Balikpapan Kalimantan Timur 76127 Indonesia

The construction of Grha Padmanaba is expected to impact the performance of surrounding traffic. At the time of operation, the number of students will amount to 765 students, so the development of Grha Padmanaba belongs to the mandatory Traffic Impact Analysis (TIA) category. The study’s goal was to identify traffic performance around development areas, predict the rise and pull that occurs, and predict the impact caused. The analysis method used is the Indonesian Road Capacity Manual 1997 (MKJI, 1997). Output from MKJI 1997 is used delay and degree of saturation, where the delay and degree of saturation are used to see the existing condition of traffic around the site before the construction and predictions when building operations and predictions for the next five years. The result obtained from the prediction analysis during Grha Padmanaba operations in 2022 is an increase in the degree of saturation in McD Sudirman Not Signal Intersection, Gramedia, and Terban Intersection. Then the prediction of the following five years conditions shows a significant increase in those intersections. From the analysis results obtained then concluded some recommendations to minimise the density that occurs due to the operation of Grha Padmanaba.

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Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for Traffic Management at Urban Intersections: The Case of Mixed Traffic Scenarios

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

Urban traffic management faces significant challenges due to the dynamic environments, and traditional algorithms fail to quickly adapt to this environment in real-time and predict possible conflicts. This study explores the ability of a Large Language Model (LLM), specifically, GPT-4o-mini to improve traffic management at urban intersections. We recruited GPT-4o-mini to analyze, predict position, detect and resolve the conflicts at an intersection in real-time for various basic scenarios. The key findings of this study to investigate whether LLMs can logically reason and understand the scenarios to enhance the traffic efficiency and safety by providing real-time analysis. The study highlights the potential of LLMs in urban traffic management creating more intelligent and more adaptive systems. Results showed the GPT-4o-mini was effectively able to detect and resolve conflicts in heavy traffic, congestion, and mixed-speed conditions. The complex scenario of multiple intersections with obstacles and pedestrians saw successful conflict management as well. Results show that the integration of LLMs promises to improve the effectiveness of traffic control for safer and more efficient urban intersection management. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Traffic congestion

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Reflective Metasurfaces with Multiple Elastic Mode Conversions for Broadband Underwater Sound Absorption

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Physical Review Applied 2022年第4期17卷 044013-044013页

作者： Hao-Wen Dong Sheng-Dong Zhao Mourad Oudich Chen Shen Chuanzeng Zhang Li Cheng Yue-Sheng Wang Daining Fang Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong School of Mathematics and Statistics Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China Graduate Program in Acoustics The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Université de Lorraine CNRS Institut Jean Lamour F-54000 Nancy France Department of Mechanical Engineering Rowan University Glassboro New Jersey 08028 USA Department of Civil Engineering University of Siegen D-57068 Siegen Germany Department of Mechanics School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China

Unlike their electromagnetic and acoustic counterparts, elastic waves involve different wave modes. The interplay and the coupling among them increase the complexity of the problem while also offering a larger space for wave manipulation. Elastic bulk wave conversion in an elastic metamaterial has recently shown great promise in medical ultrasound and nondestructive testing. Unlike the transmission-type conversion, however, reflective elastic mode conversion has been explored less in terms of analysis and design, despite the enormous possibilities that it might offer for energy trapping and dissipation. In this work, we develop a theoretical framework for constructing elastic anisotropic metasurfaces that can enable reflective longitudinal-to-transverse (L-to-T) and transverse-to-longitudinal (T-to-L) wave conversions. We capitalize on the mechanism of multiple reflective mode conversion to achieve broadband, subwavelength, and near perfect sound absorption in the underwater environment. The reflective scattering properties of the metasurfaces are systematically exploited for incident longitudinal or transverse waves. The conversion mechanism is rooted in reflective Fabry-Perot (FP) resonance, whose occurrence conditions and features are predicted for prescribed effective parameters of the metasurface. We then establish an inverse-design framework for conceiving an underwater coating system formed by a viscoelastic rubber layer and the metasurface. A series of metasurfaces allowing for customized mode conversions are realized for delivering broadband low-frequency and high-efficiency underwater sound absorption. Specifically, an ultrathin rubber-metasurface layer in which the metasurface with a thickness of approximately λ/70 can lead to nearly 100% sound absorption. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a persistently high absorption (over 80%) can be obtained in a rather robust manner within a wide range of wave incidence angle from −60° to 60°. More importantly, high-

关键词： Acoustic metamaterials Acoustic wave phenomena Underwater acoustics Metasurfaces

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