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8th International Symposium on Life-Cycle civil engineering, IALCCE 2023

作者： Emoto, Hisao Fukui, Nobuki Iitaka, Yuto Kanazawa, Shin-Ichi Social Systems and Civil Engineering Tottori University Tottori-City Japan Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering Fukushima College Iwaki-City Japan Civil Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Niigata University Niigata-City Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781003323020

Visual inspection of bridges is important to maintain the sustainability of civil infrastructure. A hammering test is one of the non-destructive and verified methods used for this purpose, by which an expert inspector identifies spalling inside a concrete structure. The reliability of this method depends on the technique of the inspector. However, Japan society faces the problem of a scarcity of labor across all fields. Because of this, there are few training opportunities for new inspectors to learn the technique. This study aims to identify spalling concrete by using an autoencoder, instead of professional inspectors. First, a spalled concrete specimen was used to record the hammering sounds. The experimental method and a comparison of frequency spectra at each level of damage were described. Next, the autoencoder was applied to identify spalling concrete, and a comparison of the identification precision at each damage level was conducted. The results of the analysis show that spalling concrete can be identified by autoencoder to a concrete thickness of less than 30 mm. © 2023 The Author(s).

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Site-specific condition evaluation for managed aquifer recharge (MAR) site selection in granitic aquifers, Ghana

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Water Supply 2024年第5期24卷 1842-1858页

作者： Acheampong, Albert Anornu, Geophrey K. Owusu-Nimo, Frederick Gyamfi, Charles Abass, Gibrilla Ghana Integrated Water Sanitation and Hygiene Program World Vision International Savelugu Ghana Department of Civil Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Isotope Hydrology Section Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Accra Ghana

Water has prominence over all the usable natural resources to humankind due to its very significance to human life. Approximately, 70% of Ghana’s populace relies on groundwater exploitation for freshwater consumption. Managed aquifer recharge is capable of sustaining water resources for all livelihood activities. Underperformance of MAR systems is often due to site-specific hydrogeological conditions turning out to be less favorable than anticipated. This study evaluates the site-specific conditions for MAR sites identification in granitic aquifers, integrating in situ hydrogeological factors and GIS-MCDA. One hundred and twenty-one datasets from different boreholes comprising hydro geophysics, borehole drilling and pump test reports were used. The constraint mapping results indicate 92% suitable for MAR application within the study area, implying available enormous bare lands for flooding recharge technique. The suitability analysis discloses that 48 and 51% of the studied area fall within very high and high suitable zones, respectively, showing convincing and great potential to support infiltration ponds for MAR technology application. The valuable information provided through this study can serve as a guide for MAR implementation and for sustainable groundwater resources management within the Upper East region of Ghana. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Aquifers

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Smart Irrigation System Using Arduino

Smart Irrigation System Using Arduino

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2023 Advances in Science and engineering technology International Conferences, ASET 2023

作者： Elgaali, Elgaali Titi, Jamil Al Ismail, Ahmed Alhajri, Omer Dubai Men's College Higher Colleges of Technology Civil Engineering Program Dubai United Arab Emirates Dubai Men's College Higher Colleges of Technology Electric. Engineering Program Dubai United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781665454742

Climate change exacerbates the competition on a resource (water) already experiences shortage around the world. Irrigation one of the crucial competitors of water. Optimizing irrigation water use has becomes standing objective for long time. Efficient irrigation systems have been designed to optimize irrigation water use. Efficient irrigation is defined as an application of the exact amount of water at the exact time to the soil around the needy plant. To help apply the exact amount (volume flow rate) of water at the right timing, smart and automatic irrigation system was designed, built, and tested. The smart irrigation system comprises of several components (sensors, automatic valves and pump) automatically communicate through Arduino (controller). The sensors detect the soil moisture and determine the exact amount of water required. Then the sensors communicate with the pump and the valves via the controller to apply the proper amount of water at the time it is required. Based on the pump flow rate, timers are used to stop the pump when the required amount of water is applied. Regardless of the difficulties encountered the smart irrigation system was successfully designed and a prototype was built and tested. The different system's components were, matched, tested for compatibility, and assembled. The software that facilitates the communication between the different system's components was developed, installed, and tested. Then the system's workability and operation ability were tested. At the beginning there were some complications hindered the system to run smoothly. The complications include: mal functioning of the moisture sensors;moisture readings were qualitative (high/low);Arduino failed to receive information from multiple sensors;the dripping nozzles were leaking. After taking care of these problems the system was running smoothly. However, the smart irrigation system was found to be versatile, flexible, and working effectively © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Irrigation

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Modeling Erosion in Hollow Cylinder Tests: The Case of Low Pressure Under Variable Confining Stress 58

Modeling Erosion in Hollow Cylinder Tests: The Case of Low P...

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58th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium 2024, ARMA 2024

作者： Kakonitis, Panos Papaloizou, Loizos Gravanis, Elias Sarris, Ernestos University of Nicosia Department of Engineering Oil Gas and Energy Program Nicosia Cyprus University of Nicosia Department of Engineering Civil and Environmental Engineering Program Nicosia Cyprus Cyprus University of Technology Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics Limassol Cyprus Eratosthenes Centre of Excellence Limassol Cyprus Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Geology Department of Minerology-Petrology-Economic Geology Thessaloniki Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798331305086

Modelling the erosional behavior of rock cores in hollow cylinder tests is a formidable task because it involves coupled hydro-mechanical processes. In a recent work of the authors, we proposed semi-analytical hydro-mechanical framework for modelling erosion at laboratory scale through the hollow cylinder test. The model was based on the kinematic formulation of classic hydro-mechanical models a lso known as volumetric sand production models. The original formulation was constructed to include variable confining stress and flowrate conditions. In this new formulation, a power law dependency of the erosion coefficient λ with stress is incorporated to investigateits dependency on the variable external radial stress boundary condition reflected on the sand production curve. This is a significant update with respect to the previous formulation that assumed a constant sand production coefficient. Results show an improved performance with respect to experimental results. This model can be used to systema tically calibrate sand production coefficients for different types of rocks. Copyright 2024 ARMA, American Rock Mechanics Association.

关键词： Cylinders (shapes)

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Environmental Disinfection Based on Mobile Intelligent Networking Highly Efficient Ultraviolet Light Machines

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Aerosol and Air Quality Research 2024年第2期24卷 1-10页

作者： Chung, Chun-Yen Sung, Wen-Tsai Wang, Lin-Chi Siami, Lailatus Santos, John Paul Computer and Game Development Program Kun Shan University Tainan710303 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411030 Taiwan Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung81157 Taiwan Department of Environmental Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan32023 Taiwan Department of Civil Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan32023 Taiwan

Since 2019, the world has suffered from the outbreak of the "Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 pandemic. This study used the principle of Ultraviolet (UV)-C disinfection to produce a mobile high-power UV-C sterilizer. It focused on combining intelligent control systems, human sensors, and Internet of Things (IoT) systems to carry out disinfection tasks in unmanned indoor spaces. Because of its mobile nature, the sterilizer could be moved at any time in various learning, research, and activity rooms for disinfection. In addition to manually controlling the sterilizer, a Wi-Fi or Narrowband (NB)-IoT-enabled remote control was provided to start the disinfection process. In order to prevent ultraviolet light from harming the human body, sensors were employed self-acting to detect the presence of people and turn off the ultraviolet light when people were detected in the area. At the same time, a camera on the sterilizer would capture an image and notify the relevant personnel through a LINE notification, to prevent the human body from being exposed to ultraviolet light, causing harm to the teachers and students on campus. During operation, voice broadcast reminders and a status indicator could provide information about the operation status. After disinfection, users could view the disinfection process through a mobile device application or a webpage, which would automatically notify relevant personnel of the disinfection status through a LINE notification. In this way, the disinfection progress could be updated at anytime, anywhere and the current disinfection status in the classroom could be displayed in real-time, allowing teachers and students on campus to carry out teaching and learning in a safe and secure environment. © The Author(s).

关键词： Internet of things

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Concurrent Delay Analysis via Cooperative Game Theory

Concurrent Delay Analysis via Cooperative Game Theory

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Construction Research Congress 2024, CRC 2024

作者： Hajiashrafi, Fatemeh Huynh, Huu T. Lucko, Gunnar Eid, Mohamed S. Construction Engineering and Management Program Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering Catholic Univ. of America WashingtonDC United States Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering Catholic Univ. of America WashingtonDC United States Dept. of Construction and Building Engineering College of Engineering and Technology Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime Transport Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9780784485286

ISBN: (纸本)9780784485286

Despite various attempts throughout past decades to deal with concurrent delays in construction project schedules, they continue to be a vexing issue that has eluded an unambiguous solution. Prior studies have resorted to the prime contract, which only binds general contractor and owner, cannot be proven to be fair, and may even be biased. Therefore, this paper adopts a concept from cooperative game theory, the Shapley value, which apportions profits (which project participants seek to maximize). Creatively applying it to liquidated damages (which they seek to minimize), the model uses all participants' actual finish dates as input to gain percentage shares of liquidated damages as output. Analyzing all possible coalitions among participants and assigning weights comprehensively assesses their marginal contributions to the project finish date. This generalized view of participants explicitly includes subcontractors, whom prior approaches typically ignored. An example demonstrates how the model also implies an early completion bonus. This yields compelling implications for real-world incentives that can be cast into future contract clauses. © ASCE.

关键词： Contractors

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Evaluation Criteria for Applying Fuzzy Delphi Method to Establish Disaster Prevention Teaching Aids for Autonomous Flood Prevention 5

Evaluation Criteria for Applying Fuzzy Delphi Method to Esta...

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5th IEEE International Conference on Architecture, Construction, Environment and Hydraulics, ICACEH 2023

作者： Huang, Su-Hsing Peng, Szu-Hsien Chienkuo Technology University Program of Creative Design Department of Spatial Design and Postgraduate Changhua Taiwan Chienkuo Technology University Department of Civil Engineering Changhua Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303605

This study was carried out to establish evaluation criteria for applying the Fuzzy Delphi Method to establish disaster prevention teaching aids for autonomous flood prevention. First, possible evaluation criteria for disaster prevention teaching aids were selected through a literature review. The Fuzzy Delphi Method was used in the experts' questionnaire survey to integrate experts' opinions with dual triangular fuzzy numbers. The evaluation criteria for disaster prevention teaching aids for autonomous flood prevention were eventually established. The evaluation items contained 'learning interest', 'disaster prevention literacy', 'environmental awareness, attitude and disaster prevention ability', and 'simulated situation experience and teaching application'. 22 criteria in 'disaster risk cognition', 'disaster cause and awareness', 'enhancing learners' interests', and 'experiential teaching' included the design, communication, and practicability of disaster prevention teaching aids for autonomous flood prevention. The criteria are expected to help communities and local governments better evaluate, choose, and develop disaster prevention teaching aids and enhance community residents' disaster prevention ability. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Floods

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Effects of Initial and Boundary Conditions on Heavy Rainfall Simulation over the Yellow Sea and the Korean Peninsula:Comparison of ECMWF and NCEP Analysis Data Effects and Verification with Dropsonde Observation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第9期41卷 1787-1803页

作者： Jiwon HWANG Dong-Hyun CHA Donghyuck YOON Tae-Young GOO Sueng-Pil JUNG Department of Civil Urban Earth and Environmental Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsan 44919South Korea Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Princeton UniversityPrincetonNew Jersey 08544USA National Institute of Meteorological Sciences NIMSJeju 63568South Korea

This study evaluated the simulation performance of mesoscale convective system(MCS)-induced precipitation,focusing on three selected cases that originated from the Yellow Sea and propagated toward the Korean *** evaluation was conducted for the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)and National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP)analysis data,as well as the simulation result using them as initial and lateral boundary conditions for the Weather Research and Forecasting ***,temperature and humidity profiles from 3D dropsonde observations from the National Center for Meteorological Science of the Korea Meteorological Administration served as validation *** showed that the ECMWF analysis consistently had smaller errors compared to the NCEP analysis,which exhibited a cold and dry bias in the lower levels below 850 *** model,in terms of the precipitation simulations,particularly for high-intensity precipitation over the Yellow Sea,demonstrated higher accuracy when applying ECMWF analysis data as the initial *** advantage also positively influenced the simulation of rainfall events on the Korean Peninsula by reasonably inducing convective-favorable thermodynamic features(i.e.,warm and humid lower-level atmosphere)over the Yellow *** conclusion,this study provides specific information about two global analysis datasets and their impacts on MCS-induced heavy rainfall simulation by employing dropsonde observation ***,it suggests the need to enhance the initial field for MCS-induced heavy rainfall simulation and the applicability of assimilating dropsonde data for this purpose in the future.

关键词： initial conditions dropsonde heavy rainfall forecast global model analysis evaluation

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Hindcast of oil spill pollution in the East China Sea in January 2018

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Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part M: Journal of engineering for the Maritime Environment 2024年第1期238卷 90-101页

作者： Nguyen, Thi-Hong-Hanh Hou, Tien-Hung Pham, Hai-An Tsai, Chia-Cheng Department of Civil Engineering Vietnam Maritime University Hai Phong Viet Nam General Education Center Tainan University of Technology Tainan Taiwan Department of Harbor and River Engineering National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan Institute of Marine Environment and Resources Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Ha Noi Viet Nam Bachelor Degree Program in Ocean Engineering and Technology National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan

In this study, an integrated model is developed for studying the Sanchi oil spill event, which occurred in the East China Sea in January 2018. The results of the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF-ARW) as well as the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) are used for meteorological forecasting and the hydrodynamic simulations, respectively. These data are adopted as inputs for the OpenOil, a sub-module of OpenDrift, for the oil spill model. Some reference experiments are examined for short-term hindcast. The satellite image is used to validate the numerical result. The oil slicks of the satellite image and the numerical result are of similar shapes. Quantitatively, the simulated oil slick and that from the satellite image are located closely and have similar dimensions of 56 km by 34 km and 54 km by 29 km, respectively. It is found that the accurate results can be obtained by the proposed integrated model with the high-frequency (hourly) and high-spatial-resolution data as inputs, and the wind drift factor has to be added. The long-term 1-month simulation showed that most of the oil particles would move to the northeast of the sinking location and be trapped by the Kuroshio current. © IMechE 2023.

关键词： Oil spills

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Characterization of geotechnical properties of Phnom Penh bedrock: A case study in Chrouy Chongvar and Dangkao Districts 58

Characterization of geotechnical properties of Phnom Penh be...

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58th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium 2024, ARMA 2024

作者： Boeut, S. Fujii, Y. Sieng, P. Kaing, S. Alam, Badrul A.K.M. Dzimunya, N.Z. Oudom, S. Boeut, S. Georesources and Geotechnical Engineering Department Institute of Technology of Cambodia Phnom Penh Cambodia Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan Department of Petroleum and Mining Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering MIST Dhaka Bangladesh Geotechnical Laboratory Ocean Civil Engineering Program Department of Engineering Kagoshima University Japan Department of Conservation of Monuments and Archaeology APSARA National Authority Cambodia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331305086

Bedrock layers support large load structures, while Phnom Penh faces limitations in mechanical properties. This research conducted rock testing on sandstone from Chroy Changvar and Dankao districts, both strongly developed zones in Phnom Penh. The fine-grain sandstones were compressed under varying conditions of confining stress of 0 to 6 MPa and pore water pressure of 1 MPa. Permeability was assessed at pore water pressures of 1 MPa and confining stress of 3 MPa. Core rock samples, collected at depths of 43 to 50 m below the surface from both sites, revealed characteristics. The dry and wet density of Chroy Changvar sandstone existed at 2,503 kg/m3 and 2,574 kg/m3, with a permeability value of 1.43∙10-14 m2 of pre-failure rock 1.87∙10-14 m2 showing slightly increase. The maximum peak stress ranged from 11 to 75 MPa. Shear properties were estimated, indicating an internal friction angle of 57-degree, rupture plane angle of 16.5 degrees, and cohesion of 1.6 MPa. Dangkoa siltsotne showed the value of dry and wet densities of 2,682 kg/m3 and 2,699 kg/m3, respectively, with intact rock permeability of 8.63∙10-15 m2 with highly increased in fractured rock permeability of 1.64∙10-12 m2. This rock existed of high stress under compression with the peak stress of 100 MPa to 330 MPa exhibited a brittle-rock type even the increase in confining stress. The internal friction angle of 71-degree, rupture angle of 10 degree, and cohesion of 11.2 MPa. The study provides insights into the contrasting mechanical properties of bedrock of two districts in Phnom Penh. Chroy Chongvar sandstone displayed plasticity, while Dankoa sandstone exhibited brittleness. These findings contribute valuable information for understanding and managing subsurface conditions in urban environments. Copyright 2024 ARMA, American Rock Mechanics Association.

关键词： Sandstone

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