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Motivation for environmental construction

Federal Facilities Environmental Journal 2004年第1期15卷

作者： Khalid M. Siddiqi Rita Oberle Linda Thomas‐Mobley Roozbeh Kangari Construction Department Southern Polytechnic State University Marietta Georgia School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia Building Construction Program College of Architecture Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia

Environmental laws are increasing and changing faster than they can be implemented in the construction industry. This is especially important for federal facilities and environmental construction because federal agencies are strongly averse to notices of violation to environmental regulations. Other industries, such as the Air Force aircraft development industry, are coping with problems related to impacts of environmental laws by integrating the concept of design for environment into their management strategy on a life‐cycle basis. The construction industry has historically addressed environmental regulations in a segregated and fragmented approach and seen environmental issues as restrictions and constraints. With the advent of sustainability in construction and bioremediation in environmental construction, federal agencies also need to address the problem in an integrated fashion by improving its project management, planning, and implementation strategies. This article presents a framework that can be used by the construction industry for analyzing construction alternatives in an integrated fashion with respect to environmental laws and regulations. The framework provides a holistic approach for taking into consideration public needs, construction processes, and regulatory governmental functions. The framework can be used by federal agencies for addressing life‐cycle environmental issues pertaining to compliance, conservation, and pollution prevention. Use of the holistic approach and integrated framework is expected to minimize remediation in new building and environmental construction projects. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Promoting engineering sense in the civil engineering technology education

Promoting engineering sense in the civil engineering technol...

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2003 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: Staying in Tune with engineering Education

作者： Alnasra, Moayyad Cox, Virgil Gaston College Dallas NC Civil Engineering Technology Program Gaston College Dallas NC

The engineering technology profession is more sensitive to the new changes in the engineering practice. The engineering technology programs in general and the civil engineering technology program in particular are not responding well to the demand in the engineering market. This causes the gap between the education and the engineering industry to widen continuously. The new ABET Criteria was a step in the right direction but was too little too late. What was accepted in the 1970s may not be accepted today as far as civil engineering technology curriculum is concerned. The civil engineering technology industry changed drastically lately while the civil engineering technology education changed a little. Five-year study at Gaston College of the civil engineering technology two-year program will be presented. The study will focus on the factors affecting the survival rate, student academic performance, initial salary, and the waiting period before getting the first job after graduation. Techniques and procedures to enhance creative environment in the civil engineering technology program will be discussed. Reforming math and science courses in the engineering technology curriculum became a necessity to help engineering technology graduates survive with the new challenges in their careers. North Carolina statewide completion study for the civil engineering technology program will be presented. The study shows the survival rate of the students in the engineering technology program. Several factors affecting the survival rate in the engineering technology program will be discussed.

关键词： civil engineering

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Development of web-based numerical wave tank and java applets as an advanced tool for teaching wave mechanics

Development of web-based numerical wave tank and java applet...

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2003 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: Staying in Tune with engineering Education

作者： Ryu, Sangsoo Kim, M.H. Kinnas, Spyros A. Kang, Julian H. Texas A and M University University of Texas Austin Ocean Engineering Program Dept. of Civil Engineering Texas A and M University Department of Civil Engineering University of Texas Austin Offshore Technology Research Center Department of Construction Science Texas A and M University

In this paper, the effectiveness of a user-interactive Web-based teaching tool is discussed. One of the topics that students may have some degree of difficulty in understanding Ocean Wave Mechanics may be the propagation and interaction of ocean waves and related physical phenomena. Explaining this kind of topic using only mathematical formulas may not be good enough for students to build strong knowledge in solving relevant problems. Our research shows that visual representation helps students to learn complicated mathematical subjects more rapidly and easily, and to better understand its complex physical phenomena. The recent advancement of visualization technology in Internet enables more effective visual dissemination and representation of complicated physics to students in remote place than ever before. We developed Web-based Numerical Wave Tank (WebNWT) using Java technology for distance education tools over the Internet. This paper addresses the structure of WebNWT and how WebNWT can help students to better understand complicated physics, such as wave interaction and propagation. The advantage of WebNWT over conventional non-interactive pedagogy in conveying knowledge is also discussed. Some exit survey results are collected from undergraduate and graduate students, and the data are analyzed.

关键词： World Wide Web

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Optimization of Multiple-Route Feeder Bus Service: Application of Geographic Information Systems

Optimization of Multiple-Route Feeder Bus Service: Applicati...

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作者： Chien, Steven I-Jy Tsai, Feng-Ming Hou, Edwin Department of Civil Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102-1982 United States Interdisc. Program in Transportation New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102-1982 United States Department of Electrical Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102-1982 United States

A genetic algorithm (GA) was developed to optimize a bus transit system serving an irregularly shaped area with a grid street network. The developed objective total cost function was minimized subject to realistic demand distribution and street pattern. The service area in New York City was selected as an example to demonstrate the application of the developed model. With the application of geographic information systems, the street network within the service area was obtained and applied, while the passenger demand information was approximated based on the New York City census report of 1990. The optimal number of bus routes and their locations were found by applying the proposed GA, while the optimal headways of the routes were analytically derived. The method developed here can be applied to dynamic routing buses under various incident situations.

关键词： Highway administration

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Hull/mooring/riser coupled dynamic analysis of a turret-moored FPSO compared with OTRC experiment

Hull/mooring/riser coupled dynamic analysis of a turret-moor...

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Proceedings of the International Symposium on Deepwater Mooring Systems Concepts, Design Analysis, and Materials

作者： Kim, M.H. Kim, Y.B. Mercier, Rick Ward, Skip Ocean Engineering Program Dept. of Civil Engineering Texas A and M University College Station TX United States R and D Center of Hull Design Team Samsung Heavy Industry Korea Republic of Offshore Technology Research Center United States

ISBN: (纸本)0784407010

A vessel/mooring/riser coupled dynamic analysis program in time domain is developed for the global motion simulation of a turret-moored, tanker based FPSO designed for 6000-ft water depth. The vessel global motions and mooring tension are simulated for the non-parallel wind-wave-current 100-year hurricane condition in the Gulf of Mexico. The wind and current forces and moments are estimated from the OCIMF empirical data base for the given loading condition. The numerical results are compared with the OTRC 1:60 model-testing results with truncated mooring system. The system's stiffness and line tension as well as natural periods and damping obtained from the OTRC measurement are checked through numerically simulated static-offset and free-decay tests. The global vessel motion simulations in the hurricane condition were conducted by varying lateral and longitudinal hull drag coefficients, different mooring and riser set up, and wind-exposed areas to better understand the sensitivity of the FPSO responses against empirical parameters. It is particularly stressed that the dynamic mooring tension can be greatly underestimated when truncated mooring system is used.

关键词： Mooring

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Prediction of pullout capacity using hexagonal wire mesh reinforcement and sand backfill

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Geotechnical engineering 2003年第1期34卷 59-70页

作者： Teerawattanasuk, C. Bergado, D.T. GTE Program School of Civil Engineering Asian Institute of Technology P.O. Box 4 Klong Luang Pathumthani 12120 Thailand

In this paper, the pullout clamping system was installed inside the pullout box with confinement from the fill material hereinafter called "in-soil pullout test" which significantly reduced the necking phenomenon and the displacements mobilized during the pullout test. The analytical predictions of in-soil pullout resistance were developed from the observed deformation characteristics of hexagonal wire mesh and the elongation of wire members. The pullout resistance of the hexagonal wire mesh reinforcement consists of two components, namely: frictional resistance and passive bearing resistance. The frictional resistance versus relative displacement relationship of a hexagonal wire mesh was modeled by a linear elastic-perfectly plastic model while the passive bearing resistance of an individual bearing member was modeled by a hyperbolic function. Comparisons were then made between the laboratory in-soil pullout test results with the corresponding data obtained from the analytical modeling methods. The in-soil pullout resistances are greater than the results from previous conventional pullout tests. The predicted and measured pullout resistances of zinc-coated hexagonal wire mesh are approximately 20% greater than PVC-coated hexagonal wire mesh at the same applied normal pressure, due to the higher stiffness, EA, and higher shear stiffness, ks, of the former than the latter. The frictional resistance consisted of 15% and 14% of the total pullout resistance for zinc-coated and PVC-coated hexagonal wire meshes, respectively, and the rest constituted the bearing resistance.

关键词： Bearing capacity

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FLOW PATTERNS AND DAMAGE OF DIKE OVERTOPPING

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2003年第4期18卷 301-309页

作者： Chaiyuth CHINNARASRI,Tawatchai TINGSANCHALI,Sutat WEESAKUL,Somchai WONGWISES Assistant Professor Water Resources Engineering Research Lab. (WAREE) Department of Civil Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi 91 Pracha-utit Rd. Bangkok 10140 Professor Water Engineering and Management Program Asian Institute of Technology P.O. Box 4 Klong Luang Pathumthani 12120 Assistant Professor Water Engineering and Management Program Asian Institute of Technology P.O. Box 4 Klong Luang Pathumthani 12120 Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi 91 Pracha-utit Rd. Bangmod Bangkok 10140

Damage of a dike may result in severe damage and suffering. To reduce downstream damage and loss of life, it is important to study the process of breaching of the damaged dike. It is not possible to understand the damage process without a clear understanding of the flow patterns encountered. In the present study, data obtained from nine experimental runs are analyzed. The flow patterns and progressive damage of dike overtopping are investigated. Two types of phenomena at the dike surface: erosion; and erosion and sliding, are observed during the overtopping event. Four stages of dike damage can be distinguished. The degradation rate of the dike crest is found to be dependent on the downstream slope of the dike. The degradation rate is higher when the downstream slope is steeper.

关键词： Flow pattern Damage Dike Overtopping

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Development of single-chip fuzzy controller based on FFSI in binary

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Journal of Harbin Institute of technology(New Series) 2003年第3期10卷 269-274页

作者：张吉礼欧进萍孙德兴 School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China School of the Civil Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 Chinaength and concise structure of fuzzy logic reasoning program and its real-time reasoning characteristic have their effect on the performance of a digital single-chip fuzzy controller. The control effect of a digital fuzzy controller based on looking up fuzzy control responding table is only relative to the table and not relative to the fuzzy control rules in the practical control process. Aiming at above problem and having combined fuzzy log-ic reasoning with digital operational characteristics of a single-chip microcomputer functioning-fuzzy-subset inference (FFSI) in binary in which triangle membership functions of error and error-in-change are all represented in binary and singleton membership functions of control variable is binary too has been introduced. The circuit principle plans of a single-chip fuzzy controller have been introduced for development of its hardware and the primary program structure fuzzy logic reasoning subroutine serial communication subroutine with PC and reliability design of the fuzzy controller are all discussed in detail. The control of indoor temperature by a fuzzy controller has been conducted using a testing-room thermodynamic system. Research results show that the FFSI in binary can exercise a concise fuzzy control in a single-chip fuzzy controller and the fuzzy controller is therefore reliable and possesses a high performance-price ratio.

Length and concise structure of fuzzy logic reasoning program and its real-time reasoning characteris-tic have their effect on the performance of a digital single-chip fuzzy controller. The control effect of a digitalfuzzy controller based on looking up fuzzy control responding table is only relative to the table and not relative tothe fuzzy control rules in the practical control process. Aiming at above problem and having combined fuzzy log-ic reasoning with digital operational characteristics of a single-chip microcomputer, functioning-fuzzy-subset in-ference (FFSI) in binary, in which triangle membership functions of error and error-in-change are all represen-ted in binary and singleton membership functions of control variable is binary too, has been introduced. The cir-cuit principle plans of a single-chip fuzzy controller have been introduced for development of its hardware, andthe primary program structure, fuzzy logic reasoning subroutine, serial communication subroutine with PC andreliability design of the fuzzy controller are all discussed in detail. The control of indoor temperature by a fuzzycontroller has been conducted using a testing-room thermodynamic system. Research results show that the FFSIin binary can exercise a concise fuzzy control in a single-chip fuzzy controller, and the fuzzy controller is there-fore reliable and possesses a high performance-price ratio.

关键词： functioning-fuzzy-subset inference single-chip fuzzy controller testing-room thermodynamic system indoor temperature experiment

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Management of hazardous waste in Thailand: present situation and future prospects

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Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 2003年第1期5卷 0031-0038页

作者： H. Ozaki K. Sharma C. Phanuwan K. Fukushi C. Polprasert Department of Civil Engineering Osaka Sangyo University 3-1-1 Nakagaito Daito Osaka 574-8530 Japan Tel. +81-72-875-3001 (ext. 3718) Fax +81-72-875-5044 e-mail: ozaki@ce.osaka-sandai.ac.jp JP Urban Environmental Engineering and Management Program School of Environment Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology Pathumthani Thailand TH Environmental Science Center The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan JP

This paper deals with the present scenario of hazardous waste management practices in Thailand, and gives some insights into future prospects. Industrialization in Thailand has systematically increased the generation of hazardous waste. The total hazardous waste generated in 2001 was 1.65 million tons. It is estimated that over 300 million kg/year of hazardous waste is generated from nonindustrial, community sources (e.g., batteries, fluorescent lamps, cleansing chemicals, pesticides). No special facilities are available for handling these wastes. There are neither well-established systems for separation, storage, collection, and transportation, nor the effective enforcement of regulations related to hazardous wastes management generated from industrial or nonindustrial sectors. Therefore, because of a lack of treatment and disposal facilities, these wastes find their way into municipal wastewaters, public landfills, nearby dump sites, or waterways, raising serious environmental concern. Furthermore, Thailand does not have an integrated regulatory framework regarding the monitoring and management of hazardous materials and wastes. In addition to the absence of a national definition of hazardous wastes, limited funding has caused significant impediments to the effective management of hazardous waste. Thus, current waste management practices in Thailand present significant potential hazards to humans and the environment. The challenging issues of hazardous waste management in Thailand are not only related to a scarcity of financial resources (required for treatment and disposal facilities), but also to the fact that there has been no development of appropriate technology following the principles of waste minimization and sustainable development. A holistic approach to achieving effective hazardous waste management that integrates the efforts of all sectors, government, private, and community, is needed for the betterment of human health and the environment.

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Two-year construction curriculums: Industry revisits its recommendations

Two-year construction curriculums: Industry revisits its rec...

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2002 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: Vive L'ingenieur

作者： Cecere, Joseph J. Pennsylvania State University Harrisburg Civil Engineering Technology Program Penn State Harrisburg

Two-year construction curriculums was implemented to provide the necessary information and skills for its graduates to perform successfully in a chosen profession. Construction programs seek information from the industry to adapt to rapidly changing occupational requirements. The data provided another resource for evaluating the individual construction curriculums in order to stay current. It was suggested that employers can provide considerable inofrmation regarding the value of a graduate's educational training and their perception of the ideal construction curriculums and possible other course selections.

关键词： Curricula

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