Sustainability is emerging as a guiding paradigm to create a new kind of built environment: one that meets the needs of humans in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own ne...
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An integrated water management model has been proposed to investigate the water resources planning and management problem for a tidal basin having a complex reservoir-river network system. The model addresses an optim...
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An integrated water management model has been proposed to investigate the water resources planning and management problem for a tidal basin having a complex reservoir-river network system. The model addresses an optimal operating policy for the interlinked reservoir system, hydropower plant and water-treatment facilities as well as the irrigation systems that utilize both surface water and ground-water to obtain the optimum benefit from the water supply, agriculture and hydropower production. The integrated water-management model is, essentially, a linkage between the optimization model and the hydrodynamic flow and transport model. A modified constraint approach is suggested to incorporate the implicit nonlinear salinity constraints in the optimization model. The present model has been applied to the Lower Dong Nai River Basin, and two scenarios for water resources planning and management have been analysed. The results showed that the energy production of Tri An hydropower plant will reduce significantly as the water supply has to meet the increase in water demands for irrigation and public use during the low-flow period by the year 2010. Consequently, the construction of Phuoc Hoa Reservoir and its diversion channel to Dau Tieng Reservoir will improve the effectiveness of this system's operation. With this additional system component implementation, the power production requirement could be maintained. Also the total water requirement up to the year 2010 is satisfied, and the area of cultivation could be increased for agricultural development.
The goal of this paper is to describe some of the properties of single- and dual-stack annular thermoacoustic engines. It is explained that the single-stack configuration is not well suited for operation under paramet...
The goal of this paper is to describe some of the properties of single- and dual-stack annular thermoacoustic engines. It is explained that the single-stack configuration is not well suited for operation under parameters typical of standing-wave thermoacoustics. The discussion of the dual-stack configuration focuses on the distribution of acoustic power in the resonator, because the second order mass flux within the resonator is related to the acoustic power. Understanding the mass flux is an important part of developing a full understanding of acoustic streaming in annular geometries.
Various aspects of MIT's Master of engineering Degree in civil and Environmental engineering are discussed. The characteristics of the M. Engg. program include, emphasis on both individual and team experiences, in...
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Various aspects of MIT's Master of engineering Degree in civil and Environmental engineering are discussed. The characteristics of the M. Engg. program include, emphasis on both individual and team experiences, inclusion of a practise experience as a part of the curriculum and a relatively structured curriculum. The M. Eng. degree provides additional technical depth beyond the B.S. and an educational experience aimed toward professional practise. The degree complements traditional Master of Science degree which typically requires two year, has a more open curriculum and emphasizes individual research.
The updating of the Associated General Contractors of America (AGC) 1984 'Educational Goals and Recommended Construction Curricula for the Construction Industry' on four-year university construction programs i...
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The updating of the Associated General Contractors of America (AGC) 1984 'Educational Goals and Recommended Construction Curricula for the Construction Industry' on four-year university construction programs is discussed. Many other resources for construction curricula to use when evaluating the individual programs were also discussed. The success with which the students are properly prepared to enter the job market determines the success of a technical curricula. The program proved to be successful as it changed the structure and content of the existing program to adapt to rapidly changing occupational requirements.
The various benefits of a successful student retention program are discussed. A successful retention program offers the university the opportunity to enhance the quality of education for all its students. Improved ret...
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The various benefits of a successful student retention program are discussed. A successful retention program offers the university the opportunity to enhance the quality of education for all its students. Improved retention also translates into increased enrollment during times when depending on recruiting alone is difficult at best. An ongoing orientation program combined with coordinated and integrated retention activities offers an educationally feasible and economically rewarding approach to these issues.
A unique feature of large South Asian cities is the composition of their urban street traffic. Because many different traffic entities of varying size continuously interact on the street, the traffic mixture is hetero...
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A unique feature of large South Asian cities is the composition of their urban street traffic. Because many different traffic entities of varying size continuously interact on the street, the traffic mixture is heterogeneous. Heterogeneous traffic increases street capacity. Homogeneous traffic prevails in most North American, European, and Australian cities. Two broad categories comprise heterogeneous traffic: namely, motorized vehicles and nonmotorized entities. After collecting geometric, composition, speed, and conflict data at 14 midblock sites, heterogeneous traffic was examined at a microscopic level. The best model shows that the high-fatality midblock sites correlate to unidirectional street widths at a +0.89 correlation coefficient. The degree of heterogeneity and motorized traffic flow had the strongest relationship with street width at a +0.99 correlation coefficient. Given constant motor vehicle flow, the analyses revealed that when the traffic heterogeneity index approached 1 (i.e., 50 percent motorized and 50 percent nonmotorized), fewer midblock fatalities occurred.
On low-rise buildings the damage to and destructive removal of small roofing elements forming a porous roof membrane, such as tiles, shingles and shakes, is largely controlled by the heal mean andpeak wind speeds that...
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In this paper, a methodology and guidelines for applying risk methods in design and operation of maritime systems were developed and demonstrated using a case study of marine diesel generators. The methodology consist...
In this paper, a methodology and guidelines for applying risk methods in design and operation of maritime systems were developed and demonstrated using a case study of marine diesel generators. The methodology consists of several modules that include system definition based on functional and performance requirements, definition of dependencies among subsystems, data collection and reduction, reliability and risk analyses, and results reduction for use in decision analysis. The methodology was used to assess and analyze typical service diesel generators found onboard ships. The analysis included the generation of cut sets for the overall reliability of the system. The most likely failure scenarios were determined by demonstration as the failure of fuel supply components. The results are consistent with previous findings of the U.S. Coast Guard.
The oxidation state of Fe, Cu, Mn, and Cr in cloudwater was measured during several cloud events. The measurements were then used in thermodynamic-speciation models to understand the speciation of ambient fog and clou...
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The oxidation state of Fe, Cu, Mn, and Cr in cloudwater was measured during several cloud events. The measurements were then used in thermodynamic-speciation models to understand the speciation of ambient fog and cloudwater. Cu and Mn were the predominant oxidation states during daylight and nighttime conditions increasing during daylight conditions. Mn concentrations were never high enough to influence the redox chemistry of Cr. Overall, Cr in cloudwater was predicted to be reduced to Cr(III) if free S(IV) is present.
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