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Centrifuge tests for seismic response of single pile foundation supported wind turbines in sand influenced by earthquake history

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Earthquake engineering and engineering Vibration 2023年第3期22卷 623-636页

作者： Wang Yubing Zhang Zhongchang Wu Xiaofeng Zhu Bin Center for Hypergravity Experiment and Interdisciplinary Research College of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Hangzhou Urban Construction&Investment Group Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310005China MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering College of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

This paper reports on two sets of centrifuge model tests of wind turbines in dry sand and saturated sand subjected to earthquake *** wind turbine system is composed of a single pile foundation and a wind *** tests were applied with liquefaction experiments and analysis projects(LEAP)waves to simplify the *** objectives of the tests are to investigate:(1)the influence of earthquake history on the seismic response of wind turbines;(2)the influence of earthquake history on the dynamic pile-soil interaction;and(3)the influence of two different foundation types on the seismic response of wind *** tests indicated that earthquake history has a significant influence on the natural frequency of the pile and the soil around the pile in the saturated sand,but has no obvious influence on the dry *** shear modulus of the soil and the acceleration amplification factor of the pile top in both tests increased and the maximum bending moment envelope of the single pile foundation *** stiffness of the p-y curve in saturated sand was increased by the earthquake history,while that in dry sand was not significantly affected.

关键词： earthquake history effect wind turbine pile bending moment dry and saturated sand ground dynamic p-y curves

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Quantitative method and influencing factors analysis of demand response performance of air conditioning load with rebound effect

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Building Simulation 2025年第2期18卷 295-320页

作者： Ran Wang Xiaoyue Xin Jiatao Liu Shilei Lu Yongjun Sun Wenduan Zhao School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Built Environment and Energy Application Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Under the emerging trend of the new power systems,enhancing the energy flexibility of air conditioning loads to promote electricity demand response is crucial for regulating the real-time *** a typical temperature-controlled loads,air conditioning loads can generate rebound effect when participating in demand response,resulting in sudden load increases and posing risks to grid ***,the existing research mainly focuses on the energy flexibility,which leads to an imperfect demand response mechanism and thus affects the optimal scheduling ***,the study proposes a comprehensive quantification method in view of rebound effect for the demand response performance of air conditioning loads,by using probability distribution,Latin hypercube sampling,Monte Carlo simulation,and scenario analysis *** demand response event was divided into response phase and recovery phase,and by considering energy flexibility during the response phase and rebound effect during the recovery phase,three dimensionless evaluation indexes for comprehensive demand response performance were *** this quantification method,the impact patterns of three types of random variables were compared,including meteorological,design variables,and control ***,considering the differences in building types(office and hotel buildings)and building capacities(small,medium,and large),the effectiveness of air conditioning load participation in demand response measures in different building application scenarios was *** results show that the influence of the design variables on the response performance is less than that of the control variables,but significant,reaching 45%compared to the control ***,the influence varies with building type,capacity and climate zone,and building demand response design has more potential in the following scenarios:the cold climate,the hot summer and cold winter climate,the medium building and the

关键词： demand response air conditioning load energy flexibility rebound effect parameter analysis scenario analysis

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Dynamic impact properties of deep sandstone under thermal-hydraulicmechanical coupling loads

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 2113-2129页

作者： CAO Chunhui DING Haonan ZOU Baoping School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Zhejiang-Singapore Joint Laboratory for Urban Renewal and Future City Hangzhou 310023China

The deep rock mass within coal mines situated in a challenging environment are characterized by high ground stress,high geotemperature,high osmotic water pressure,and dynamic disturbances from mechanical *** investigate the impact of this complex mechanical environment on the dynamic characteristics of roof sandstone in self-formed roadways without coal pillars,standard specimens of deep sandstone from the 2611 upper tunnel working face of the Yongmei Company within the Henan Coal Chemical Industry Group in Henan,China were prepared,and an orthogonal test was *** a self-developed geotechnical dynamic impact mechanics test system,triaxial dynamic impact tests under thermal-hydraulicmechanical coupling conditions were conducted on deep *** results indicate that under high confining pressure,deep sandstone exhibits pronounced brittle failure at low temperatures,with peak strength gradually decreasing as temperature and osmotic water pressure ***,under low confining pressure and low temperature,the brittleness of deep sandstone weakens gradually,while ductility ***,sandstone demonstrates higher peak strength at low temperatures under high axial pressure conditions,lower peak strength at high temperatures,and greater strain under low axial pressure and high osmotic water *** in impact air pressure and osmotic water pressure have proportionally greater effects on peak stress and peak *** 50%of the input strain energy is utilized as effective energy driving the sandstone fracture *** analysis identifies the optimal combination of factors affecting the peak stress and peak strain of *** the coupling effect,intergranular and transgranular fractures occur within the *** images illustrate that the damage forms range from minor damage with multiple fissures to extensive fractures and severe *** study elucidates the varied dynamic impact me

关键词： Deep sandstone Thermal-hydraulicmechanical coupling Dynamic impact Stress-strain Failure Modes Polar analysis

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Experimental Study on Vortex-Induced Vibration of Marine Riser Model with Coupling Interference Effect Under Combined Internal and External Flow

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China Ocean engineering 2023年第4期37卷 673-684页

作者： REN Xiao-hui LI Peng CHEN Xin WANG Ye-shuo LIU Zhen HAO Lian-hong WANG Yu HUANG Yi-jie College of Architecture and Civil Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Civil Engineering Materials and Structures Qingdao 266590China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China

A partition model of interference efficiency was constructed to study the coupling interference effect under combined internal and external *** concept of“internal flow efficiency”,“velocity ratio”and“interference efficiency”were introduced to quantify the effect of internal flow and interference,and reveal the coupling mechanism among internal flow,external flow and interference *** results showed that the dynamic response of risers under variable angles was significantly different after considering the effect of internal *** the external flow velocity was smaller than 0.25 m/s,the vibration of risers was promoted by the internal *** the increase of external flow velocity,the effect of internal flow was weakened and the dynamic response of riser mainly depended on the external flow and interference *** the effect of different internal flow,the interference efficiency had similar change *** interference effect amplified the complex secondary flow effect inside the riser,making the dynamic response of riser complex and *** this paper,the overlap area and subdivision criterion of interference effect were constructed within the range of experimental velocity ratio,and the change curve of interference efficiency was obtained with an average meaning,which may have important practical meaning.

关键词： marine riser vortex-induced vibration internal flow interference effect interference efficiency internal flow efficiency

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The load criteria for ship mechanical noise prediction in low frequencies and experimental validation

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Journal of Ocean engineering and Science 2023年第3期8卷 278-293页

作者： Xi-An Liu De-Qing Yang Qing Li State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering School of Naval ArchitectureOcean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The loading method of the external excitations generated by the equipment directly affects the predicted result of the mechanical noise which should be the same under different excitation forms for the given *** this paper,general load criteria are proposed to define forces/moments as the standard form and convert other forms of loads in the low-frequency *** the most typical form to charac-terize equipment excitation,acceleration load loading methods for different conditions are *** equivalent formula between ideal accelerations and generalized forces establishes the first load *** second load criterion is proposed to address the issue of an average acceleration loading,in which the phase and amplitude distribution are both absent,and cannot apply to the load *** upper and lower limits of the mechanical noise can be determined by the vibroacoustic transfer func-tion of the three load models,and the energy-averaged value is used to represent the mechanical ***,the third criterion is used to handle the case where the acceleration load is given by the results of a bench *** to the equipment source descriptor invariance,the conversion method is achieved between the bench test and the real ship based on the transfer function of a load model,and the mechanical noise is predicted by an equivalent energy ***,a three-parameter method to quantitatively evaluate the well-fitting of experimental and numerical results,and the load criteria are well validated by underwater acoustic experiments of an experimental model.

关键词： Ships’mechanical noise Load criteria Vibroacoustic transfer functions Underwater acoustic experiments Accelerations load Three-parameter method

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Field testing of shear strength of granite residual soils

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第9期16卷 3718-3732页

作者： Song Yin Pengfei Liu Xianwei Zhang Wenyuan He Pan Yan Yuzhou Sun School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou450007China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China

The characteristics of residual soils are very different from those of sedimentary *** the strength characteristics of sedimentary soils have been studied extensively,the shear strength characteristics of granitic residual soils(GRS)subjected to the weathering of parent rocks have rarely been *** this study,the shear strength characteristics of GRS in the Taishan area of southeast China(TSGRS)were studied by field and laboratory *** field tests consisted of a cone penetration test(CPT),borehole shear test(BST),self-boring pressuremeter test(SBPT),and seismic dilatometer Marchetti test(SDMT).The shortcomings of laboratory testing are obvious,with potential disturbances arising through the sampling,transportation,and preparation of soil *** to the special structure of GRS samples and the ease of disturbance,the results obtained from laboratory tests were generally lower than those obtained from situ *** CPT and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)results indicated significant weathering and crustal hardening in the shallow *** resulted in significant differences in the strength and strength parameters of shallow soil obtained by the *** on the SDMT and SBPT results,a comprehensive evaluation method of shear strength for TSGRS was *** SBPT was suitable for evaluating the strength of shallow *** material index(ID)and horizontal stress index(KD)values obtained by the SDMT satisfied the empirical relationship proposed by Marchetti based on the ID index,and were therefore considered suitable for the evaluation of the shear strength of deep GRS.

关键词： Granite residual soils Shear strength Field tests Self-boring pressuremeter Seismic dilatometer Borehole shear test

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Numerical analysis of microbially induced calcite precipitation and enzyme induced calcite precipitation in calcareous sand:Multi-process and biochemical reactions

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岩石力学与岩土工程学报（英文版） 2025年第5期17卷 3225-3242页

作者： Yujie Li Zhen Guo Lizhong Wang Xingye Sun Yongqiang Zhu Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan316021China Hainan Institute Zhejiang UniversitySanya572025China Hainan Institute Zhejiang UniversitySanya572025China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Offshore Geotechnics and Material College of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Offshore Geotechnics and Material College of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China

Microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP)and Enzyme induced calcite precipitation(EICP)tech-niques were implemented to reinforce the large-scale calcareous sand in this *** a coupled numerical model to predict the biochemical reactions and hydraulic characteristics of MICP and EICP reactions was proposed and verified by physical *** showed that:This model could describe the variations of bacteria,calcium,calcite,permeability over time *** is necessary to consider the influence of the calculation domain scale when simulating the convection-diffusion-reaction in the multi-process of MICP and EICP *** numerical and experimental values of calcite content are 0.841 g/cm3 and 0.861 g/cm3 for MICP-reinforced sand,0.263 g/cm3 and 0.227 g/cm3 for EICP-reinforced sand after 192 h of *** reaction rate krea is an important parameter to control the calcite ***,the permeability coefficient of MICP and EICP reinforced calcareous sand decreases by 32％and 18％.Due to the influence of substance transportation and calcite precipitation,the calcite shows a trend of decreasing firstly and then increasing with the enhancing of the initial permeability coefficient in biochemical *** optimal injecting ratio q11∶q12 in this study is 100∶300 mL/*** process for the application of MICP and EICP coupled numerical model is also recommended,which provides reference for engineering projects in ground improvement.

关键词： Coupled model Finite element method(FEM) Microbial induced calcite precipitation(MICP) Enzyme induced calcite precipitation(EICP) Multi-process Biochemical reactions

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Research on Pedestrian Gender Detection Based on A Lightweight Model 36

Research on Pedestrian Gender Detection Based on A Lightweig...

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36th Chinese Control and Decision Conference, CCDC 2024

作者： Yuling, Hu Xinyi, Wang Weiguang, Zou Beijing University Of Civil Engineering And Architecture Institute Of Electrical And Information Engineering China Beijing University Of Civil Engineering And Architecture Beijing Key Laboratory Of Intelligent Processing For Building Big Data Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387780

In recent years, a variety of emergency events have been occurring in buildings in countries. For there are some differences between male and female in movement ability and evacuation behavior, gender has a non-negligible impact on evacuation and decision-making of emergency events. Thus, it is of great practical significance to detect the gender of pedestrians at entrances or exits of buildings in real time to grasp the proportion of different gender people in buildings and to formulate emergency warning or evacuation strategies scientifically. In response to the requirement of rapid emergency response, this paper proposes a pedestrian gender detection method based on a lightweight object detection model YOLOX-Tiny. In addition, considering the inaccurate pedestrian gender detection caused by the change of pedestrian posture and camera angle, the attention mechanism CBAM is introduced to enhance the ability of filtering a large amount of redundant information, obtaining key information and acquiring pedestrian gender characteristic information. Through the experiments of self-made pedestrian gender datasets, the results show that the detection accuracy of the improved model is increased by 1.8%, and the detection speed reaches 251FPS, which can meet both speed and accuracy of pedestrian gender detection in emergencies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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Direct shear behaviors of excavated clay reinforced with geocomposite drainage layer encapsulated in thin sand layers

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Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2024年第27期31卷 39748-39759页

作者： Wang, Lin-Jie Xu, Hui Qian, Jian-Wen Wang, Jin-Nan Zhan, Liang-Tong School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou310018 China MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China

The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a novel structure comprising a geocomposite drainage layer and a thin sand layer (GDL + sand) in mitigating the rapid dumping of excavated clay and its associated issues, such as landslides. Two sets of direct shear tests were conducted to investigate the influence of sand layer thickness and compaction degree on the interface shear behavior of the GDL + sand structure. As the sand layer thickness increased, both the interface shear strength and friction angle gradually increased, first more sharply and then at a slower rate toward stability, while the interface cohesion decreased gradually. The optimal sand layer thickness for achieving the most effective reinforcement in stabilizing the clay was identified as 10 mm. A higher sand layer compaction degree was found to result in increased interface shear strength, interface friction angle, and interface cohesion. Building on these findings, the reinforcing efficiency of the GDL + sand structure was investigated through mechanism analysis in comparison to that of a geogrid + sand structure and GDL structure as per the interface friction coefficient. The ranking of interface friction coefficients among the three structures emerged as: geogrid + sand > GDL + sand > GDL. These results suggests that the GDL + sand structure exhibits superior reinforcement efficiency compared to the GDL structure and offers better drainage efficiency than the geogrid + sand structure. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Sand

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A multi-scale fusion and dual attention network for crowd counting

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第13期84卷 11269-11294页

作者： Zhang, De Wang, Yiting Zhou, Xiaoping Su, Liangliang School of Electrical and Information Engineering Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Beijing China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Building & Building Energy Saving Anhui Jianzhu University Hefei China

Recently, crowd counting has been continuously a hot topic in the field of computer vision and achieved significant progress using deep learning techniques. Nevertheless, it is still a challenging task in practical applications due to scale variation of heads and complex background noise. In order to overcome these problems, we present a novel Multi-Scale features fused network combined with Dual Attention mechanism, named as MSDANet, for more accurate crowd counting. In MSDANet, we utilize the first 10 layers of VGG-16 model as the backbone. Then, a middle-end model consisting of two parallel branches is followed. In one branch, we stack two multi-scale information fusion (MSIF) blocks to handle the scale variations. MSIF block is developed with a cross-layer information passing mechanism to achieve the sufficient features fusion and provide rich contextual information. In the other branch, a dual attention (DA) block is designed with a position attention module (PAM) and a channel attention module (CAM) to remove complex background noise in crowd scenes. PAM can adaptively assign importance weights to each point at the pixel level and enhance semantic similarity dependencies among different sized head regions, whereas CAM focuses on enhancing the global scope relations and accounting the interdependence among all channel-wise nodes, which is complementary to PAM. In the end, dilation convolution is introduced to generate a high-quality crowd density map. Extensive experiments on five publicly shared datasets demonstrate that the proposed MSDANet achieves state-of-the-art counting performance and high robustness. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep learning

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