As engineers become increasingly aware of accidental or intentional out-of-plane loading on structural elements resulting from impact, new retrofit methods to protect critical infrastructure are emerging and being imp...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781618392183
As engineers become increasingly aware of accidental or intentional out-of-plane loading on structural elements resulting from impact, new retrofit methods to protect critical infrastructure are emerging and being implemented. This paper aims at conducting a state-of-the-art review of retrofit strategies available to engineers to protect vulnerable concrete structural elements from impact loading. One method is to implement a barrier between the impactor and the structural element. Overheight vehicle impacts and the use of energy absorbing materials (EAM) to resist them are discussed. Also, the use of fibre reinforced polymers (FRPs), both thermoset and thermoplastic, for impact protection is investigated.
作者：
Kicinger, RafalArciszewski, TomaszDe Jong, KennethCivil
Environmental and Infrastructure Engineering Department Critical Infrastructure Protection Program George Mason University 4400 University Drive Fairfax VA 22030 Civil
Environmental and Infrastructure Engineering Department George Mason University MS 4A6 4400 University Drive Fairfax VA 22030 Computer Science Department
George Mason University MS 4A5 4400 University Drive Fairfax VA 22030
This paper proposes a new approach to representing structural system inspired by various models of complex systems. Several types of generative representations of steel structural systems are provided and empirically ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0784407940
This paper proposes a new approach to representing structural system inspired by various models of complex systems. Several types of generative representations of steel structural systems are provided and empirically investigated. These representations utilize various kinds of cellular automata to generate design concepts of steel structures in tall buildings. In the paper, a brief overview of the state-of-the-art in cellular automata and generative design is presented. Next, several types of generative representations of steel structural systems in tall buildings are described. The paper also reports the results of several design experiments. They have shown that generative representations produce novel structural shaping patterns which are qualitatively different than the patterns obtained using traditionally used parameterized representations. They also significantly improve the performance of evolutionary algorithms optimizing the structural systems. Finally, research conclusions are presented and most promising paths of future research are discussed.
The literature on built environment sustainability has grown dramatically in the past 10 years. Despite the proliferation of literature, there is still no consensus on how comprehensively and uniformly to define the c...
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One of the ongoing challenges in the quest to make our built environment more sustainable is defining what sustainability means in terms understandable to and measurable by built environment decision makers. This pape...
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Discrete element method (DEM) was used to study sand-structure interaction. The effect of modeling parameters on formation of shear zones in structure-medium interfaces was also discussed. The results showed that the ...
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Discrete element method (DEM) was used to study sand-structure interaction. The effect of modeling parameters on formation of shear zones in structure-medium interfaces was also discussed. The results showed that the shear zone thickness increases as the surface roughness increases. Also, the shape of the shear zone shows greater curvature and undulations with the increase in degree of structure surface roughness.
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