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Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists 2023年第1期4卷

作者： Scott W. Tyler Jennifer Kent Suzanne P. Anderson Paul D. Brooks Aaron I. Packman Remko Uijlenhoet Andrew W. Western Xubin Zeng Department of Geological Science and Engineering University of Nevada Reno Reno NV USA S. W. Tyler College of Science University of Nevada Reno Reno NV USA Department of Geological Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA Department of Geology and Geophysics Interdisciplinary Program in Hydrology and Water Resources University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL USA Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands Department of Infrastructure Engineering University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA

At the inaugural Frontiers in Hydrology Meeting in San Juan, Puerto Rico in the summer of 2022, the Hydrology Section organized a poster session and invited our 2020 and 2021 Classes of AGU Fellows, with the initial goal of both celebrating their careers as well as to provide an opportunity for an informal exchange and connection between the section's early career members and our more senior and established scientists and engineers. Due to the challenges of time zones, virtual poster presentations and other logistics, the formal poster session was adjourned but continued as a hybrid “meet-up” with six of our Section's Fellows (Suzanne Anderson, Paul Brooks, Aaron Packman, Remko Uijlenhoet, Andrew Western, and Xubin Zeng) from around the world. As you will see, what started as an informal chat quickly took deep dives into pressing issues in our section and science in general, including thoughts on how our community values (or in some cases doesn't value) multi- and interdisciplinary accomplishments, critiques of our system of rewards and awards including how we assess publication impacts and finally, a frank and honest discussion of our current efforts to diversify our community and where/why are we still failing. We hope that by sharing this open and impromptu dialogue that these discussions can expand to our entire community, and to encourage future Fellows exchanges such as this to reach our entire community of scientists and engineers. How we value our scientific contributions and impacts needs to expand beyond the traditional metrics of counting publications, grants, etc., that we have used in the past While interdisciplinary science, broad scientific thinking and societally relevant science are often stated as important to success in hydrology, these contributions are less recognized in the awards processes than individual accomplishments or narrowly focused scientific contributions How we do our science and how we evaluate it have significantly evolved over th

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Gender Mainstreaming in Drought Disaster Risk Reduction

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1811卷

作者： Rr M I Retno Susilorini Rusnianti Rambu Lika Sriyana Lintang Jata Angghita Julio Ignatius Sinaga Department of Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang Master Program of Environmental and Urban Studies Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang

Climate change has affected the whole world and caused disasters, include drought. Since Tana Mbanas village in Central Sumba District is the driest remote area in eastern region of Indonesia, gender inequality has affected in daily life of people in the village instead of other social and environmental problems. This research aimed to evaluate how gender mainstreaming implemented in drought disaster risk reduction in Tana Mbanas village in Central Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The result of the research is expected to become a mirror that reflects Sumba island gender and development issues. The research took place in Tana Mbanas village in Central Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, and conducted by qualitative method with purposive data sampling. The steps taken in the research were observation, data collecting by questionnaire and in-depth interview to respondents, and literature review. It was reported that Tana Mbanas village people has given water management assistance by village fund, conducting water management counselling, saving water, and harvesting rain systems in every household. This research meets conclusions that: (1) Several programs and planned actions in water supply system and infrastructure development have become initiatives of government agencies of village authorities, BPBD and Public Work Agency of Central Sumba Regency; (2) People demonstrated vulnerability to drought as well as lack of water supply and also water resources; (3) Strong efforts should be conducted to educate people and increase women capacity in coping issues of poverty, drought, and lack of water supply; and (4) Government agencies and other private institutions have to build women capacity as their participation in enhancing gender equality and mainstreaming gender.

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Biodegradation performance of marine sponge symbiont isolate consortium against polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon components

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2588卷

作者： Ismail Marzuki Selfina Gala Irham Pratama Erniati Natsar Desi Andi Emelda Rakhmad Armus 1Department of Chemical Engineering Fajar University Makassar PO 90231 South Sulawesi Indonesia 2Department of Civil Engineering Fajar University Makassar PO 90231 South Sulawesi Indonesia 3Departement Master Program in Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering Fajar University Makassar PO 90231 South Sulawesi Indonesia 4Department of Pharmacy Universitas Muslim Indonesia Urip Sumoharjo-Makassar PO 90321 South Sulawesi Indonesia 5Department of Environment Engineering Nusantara Indonesia of College Technology Makassar PO 90234 South Sulawesi Indonesia

Remediation is one method to improve environmental quality. Hydrocarbon components, especially PAHs are toxic and are commonly found in the environment, including in the marine environment in port areas and the activities of the petroleum processing industry. The toxic properties of PAHs can be reduced or even eliminated by destroying the molecular structure. The biodegradation method uses microorganisms as a biodegradator. This study aims to determine the biodegradation performance of a consortium of sponge microsymbiont isolates against PAHs components. The interaction between the suspension of the isolate consortium and the PAHs were tested for 25 days. Biodegradation performance against PAHs was determined using GC-MS and FTIR. The results showed that a consortium of sponge microsymbiont isolates, namely: Sp1.A1, Sp2.B2 and Sp3.B1 could degrade naphthalene, anthracene and pyrene components. The level and performance of the biodegradation of the isolate consortium against naphthalene (23.64 %), anthracene (28.98 %), and pyrene (39.01%). The biodegradation product of the isolate consortium against naphthalene was a carboxylic acid group (Hexadecanoic acid), against anthracene in the form of an aromatic alcohol compound (Phenol) and pyrene, an alcohol group organic compound (Benzenemethanol). The order of biodegradation strength of the isolate consortium against the tested PAHs was: pyrene ˃ anthracene ˃ naphthalene. The degradation of the isolate consortium against the PAHs test material did not show a consistent pattern related to the components of the biodegradation product.

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Influence of bioadmixture dosage on mechanical and self-healing properties of cement paste containing incinerated sugarcane press mud

Cleaner Engineering and Technology

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Cleaner engineering and Technology 2025年 27卷

作者： Zerlinda Mara Ditta Peerawat Laohana Nantawat Tanapongpisit Wittawat Saenrang Sophon Boonlue Darunee Kaewpikul Vanchai Sata Prinya Chindaprasirt Jindarat Ekprasert Bioscience and Bioinnovation for Sustainability Program Department of Integrated Science Faculty of Science Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand School of Physics Institute of Science Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand Center of Excellence in Advanced Functional Materials School of Physics Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Sustainable Infrastructure Research and Development Center Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Academy of Science Royal Society of Thailand Dusit Bangkok Thailand

The cement industry is one of the major sources of greenhouse gas. Replacing cement with alternative materials such as incinerated sugarcane press mud (IWFC) is promising for reducing CO 2 emissions, but the quality of materials is diminished. This research then aims to investigate the influence of bioadmixture, calcifying bacteria Lysinibacillus sp. WH, at three bacterial dosage concentrations (10 8 , 10 9 , and 10 10 CFU/mL) on microstructural development and mechanical enhancement of Portland cement paste and cement pastes containing varied ratios of IWFC. The results show that the bacterial concentration of 10 10 CFU/mL effectively enhances mechanical characteristics of IWFC-cement pastes, while lower concentration is more favorable to Portland cement paste (P). Here, we are the first to provide evidence that the properties of cement paste composites comparable to Portland cement paste can be achieved even when the IWFC is replaced with cement as high as 20 % by weight together with the incorporation of calcifying bacteria. Moreover, IWFC-cement pastes with high bacterial concentration of 10 10 CFU/mL exhibit the fastest self-healing ability within two weeks. The regained strength after healing is >85 % in all composite specimens. Overall, this work provides an effective method to develop durable and eco-friendly cement.

关键词： Biocement Sugar industry waste CaCO 3 -Precipitating bacteria Self-healing ability Calcium carbonate

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The effect of using crumb rubber on fatigue and rutting lives in flexible pavement

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期732卷

作者： T A Balqis S Suherman Post-Graduate Student of Infrastructure Engineering Study Program Applied Master Program Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia

This research is performed to analyze effect of using crumb rubber (CR) on the overlay design of Palembang City – Betung roads. Analysis of existing road conditions using the AASHTO 1993. This analysis based on deflection data using the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD). While, the overlay design analysis using CIRCLY 7.0 software to determine horizontal tensile strain (εh) for fatigue live and vertical compressive strain (εv) for rutting live parameters. The result showed that using CR can increase fatigue live into 66 % and rutting lives into 22 % for contribute pavement performance. To ensure the effect of CR in pavement's performance, further research must be taken to find out if there are other effects that support.

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Author Correction: Australian water quality trends over two decades show deterioration in the Great Barrier Reef region and recovery in the Murray-Darling Basin

Communications Earth & Environment

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Communications Earth & Environment 2025年第1期6卷 1页

作者： Danlu Guo Qian Zhang Camille Minaudo Rémi Dupas Clément Duvert Shuci Liu Kefeng Zhang Ulrike Bende-Michl Anna Lintern School of Engineering College of Systems & Society The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia Institute for Water Futures The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science Annapolis MD USA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Chesapeake Bay Program Office Annapolis MD USA Department of Evolutionary Biology Ecology and Environmental Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain INRAE L’Institut Agro UMR SAS Rennes France Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Darwin NT Australia National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training (NCGRT) Adelaide SA Australia Department of Environment Science and Innovation Queensland Government Brisbane QLD Australia Water Research Centre School of Civil and Environmental Engineering UNSW Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Science and Innovation Group – Hydrology Research Bureau of Meteorology Canberra ACT Australia Department of Infrastructure Engineering The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia Department of Civil Engineering Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia

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Comparison of the energy demand with the envelope limitations of the performance normative of Brazil and Spain

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2928卷

作者： Letiane Benincá Claudia Glitzenhirn Ana Carolina Passuello Eva Crespo Sánchez José María González Barroso Doctoral degree in Architectural Building Construction and Urbanism Architecture Technology Department Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Av. Diagonal 649 08028 Barcelona Spain Postgraduate Program in Civil Engineering: Construction and Infrastructure Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Av. Osvaldo Aranha 99 90035-190 Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Rua Sarmento Leite 320 99050-170 Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil

Buildings consume 42.6% of the electricity generated in Brazil, and the residential sector is responsible for 21,4% of that amount, in other words, almost a quarter of the generated electricity. Add to this fact, the housing deficit was almost 6 million in 2019 in the country. The purpose of this article is to analyze the results of the heating and cooling demand of a social residential building designed in an H shape, in Passo Fundo, in southern Brazil, from the perspective of the thermal transmittance limitation of the Brazilian normative (NBR 15575) and the Spanish Technical Code (CTE). The main objective is to verify and analyze the existing differences and potentials in the comparison between the regulations, evaluating the thermal envelope of a typical social housing building. The method used to obtain results was a computer simulation, using EnergyPlus software as an energy calculation engine and Sketchup 2017 for the modeling, with the Euclid plugin, which directly sends data to the energy simulation program. The building was simulated with climate data from the city of Passo Fundo, belonging to the Brazilian Bioclimatic Zone 2 (BZ2), and was compared to the transmittance level required for the D1 climate of Spain, as required by the CTE. Finally, it is possible to evidence that there is a decrease in the building’s energy demand as thermal insulation is incorporated into the walls and roof, to reach the strictest standard requirement levels. This article intends to show the potential for improvement in Brazilian regulations and the path to be followed concerning energy improvement in buildings.

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Numerical modelling of penstock flow in dam

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2544卷

作者： N. M. Zahari M. H. Zawawi Nurhanani A. Aziz F. Nurhikmah Aizat Abas Fei Chong Ng L. M. Sidek M. R. M. Radzi Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) Putrajaya Campus Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia UNITEN R&D Sdn. Bhd. d/a Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia School of Mechanical Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia 14300 Nibong Tebal Pulau Pinang Malaysia Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI) Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) Putrajaya Campus Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia Hydro Life Extension Program (HELP) Business Development (Asset) Unit TNB Power Generation Division Level 32 PJX HM Shah Tower 16A Jalan Persiaran Barat Seksyen 8 46050 Petaling Jaya Selangor Malaysia

This paper presents the numerical modeling on the flow in dam penstock structure using conventional finite volume method (FVM) simulation software, ANSYS Fluent. The water flows in the bottom outlet section that comprised of four penstocks were successfully simulated. The numerical model was validated with an experiment, which a considerably low discrepancy of 12%. It was found that the middle section of each penstock observed the highest flow velocity, indicating the regions sustained large stress from the rapid flow, which gives the higher deformation. However, the flow dynamics across all four penstocks are similar. Overall, this numerical study showed that the application of the FVM simulation tool to visualize the penstock flow is viable and useful for the subsequent dam reliability analysis.

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Na_1/3Ca_1/3Bi_1/3Cu₃Ti₄O₁₂–Ni@NiO/poly(vinylidene fluoride): Three–phase polymer composites with high dielectric permittivity and low loss tangent

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Results in Physics 2020年 18卷

作者： Kum-onsa, Pornsawan Phromviyo, Nutthakritta Thongbai, Prasit Materials Science and Nanotechnology Program Faculty of Science Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Sustainable Infrastructure Research and Development Center Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand KKU-Research Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Institute of Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy (IN–RIE) NANOTEC–KKU RNN on Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand

High permittivity and low loss tangent polymer matrix composites containing a low loading of filler are desirable for practical applications in modern electronic devices. In this work, greatly improved dielectric properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) were accomplished by incorporating high–permittivity Na_1/3Ca_1/3Bi_1/3Cu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (NCBCTO) ceramic particles with sizes of ~0.5–1.5 μm coupled with ~1.0–2.0 μm diameter core–shell Ni@NiO particles. Phase composition, crystal structures, morphology, microstructure, and dielectric properties of NCBCTO–Ni Ni@NiO/PVDF composites were investigated. A nonpolar α–phase and polar β– and γ–phases were detected in the PVDF matrix and NCBCTO–Ni/PVDF composites. Random dispersions of small clusters of NCBCTO and Ni particles were observed in the PVDF polymer matrix. Significantly enhanced dielectric permittivity, ≈279, which was higher than that of pure PVDF polymer by a factor of ≈27, was achieved. Surprisingly, the dielectric loss tangent was suppressed to a very low value of ≈0.07 at 1 kHz. The dielectric properties of the NCBCTO-Ni@NiO/PVDF composites are discussed based on the interfacial polarization at the internal interfaces. © 2020 The Authors

关键词： Dielectric loss tangent Dielectric permittivity Interfacial polarization PVDF Three–phase polymer composites

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Impact of traveller information on mode choice behaviour

Impact of traveller information on mode choice behaviour

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作者： Meng, Meng Memon, Abdul Ahad Wong, Yiik Diew Lam, Soi-Hoi TUM CREATE Singapore Singapore Centre for Infrastructure Systems School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore Technical Cooperation Program of EU Road Sector Development Program of Ethiopia SMEC International [Pty]Ltd. Ethiopian Roads Authority Addis Ababa Ethiopia Centre for Infrastructure Systems School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore University of Macau Avenida da Universidade Taipa Macau China

This paper analysed automobile commuters’ mode choice behaviour under the influence of simulated multimodal traveller information by developing two logit models. A combined revealed preference (RP)/stated preference (SP) travel behaviour survey was administered to drivers to gather individual commuters’ travel decisions under integrated multimodal traveller information. Two SP scenarios were designed where the first scenario is to test the mode choice preference in a basic situation involving a congested work/school trip with information on several travel options, and the second scenario is to investigate the mode choice decision when certain incentives are given for public transport. Results showed that integrated multimodal traveller information can influence a traveller’s mode choice decision. The influencing factors that significantly affect the mode choice decision include socio-economic characteristics – for example, gender, age, level of education and level of income – and multimodal traveller information attributes – for example, access mode to mass rapid transit (MRT) station, access time to MRT station and transit seat availability. The findings are useful to traffic management agencies for designing better operational policy and information publication strategies.

关键词： Rapid transit

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