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Optimization of parameters in biomethanization process with co-digested poultry wastes and palm oil mill effluents

Cleaner Chemical engineering 2022年 3卷

作者： Emmanuel Ikechukwu Ugwu Juliana Heloisa Pinê Américo-Pinheiro Light Ihenna Nwobia Vineet Kumar Eberechukwu Laura Ikechukwu Egba Chinonso Victor Department of Civil Engineering Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike P.M.B 7267 Umuahia Abia State Nigeria Post-graduate Program in Environmental Sciences Brazil University Street Carolina Fonseca 584 São Paulo SP 08230-030 Brazil Department of Botany School of Life Sciences Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University) Bilaspur Chhattisgarh 495009 India Department of Biochemistry Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike P.M.B 7267 Umuahia Abia State Nigeria

Poultry wastes (PW) and palm oil mill effluents (POME) are thought to be promising starting materials for biogas production. In the present study, the optimization of biomethanization process from co-digested (PW) and POME was investigated. To assist digestion, samples were sun-dried, ground, and mixed with water to form slurry. The central composite design was used in the experimental design, while the desirability function was applied in the process optimization of the co-digestion process. The interactive effects of temperature, pH, and hydraulic retention time were equally studied. The results showed a high co-efficient of determination (R 2 ) value of 0.9920. Also, the predicted and experimental values obtained were 4377.71 ml and 4379.01 respectively, while the optimum conditions obtained were 45 °C, 8.00 and 15 days for temperature, pH, and hydraulic retention time, respectively. This finding shows that the proposed technique is effective and robust in predicting biomethane generation from co-digested POME and PW.

关键词： Biogas yield Bio-methanization Central composite design Co-digestion Co-efficient of determination Interactive effects Process optimization

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Development of a smartphone-based app for determination of formaldehyde concentration indoors 15

Development of a smartphone-based app for determination of f...

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15th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2018

作者： Zhang, Siyang Shapiro, Nicholas Gehrke, Gretchen Castner, Jessica Liu, Zhenlei Guo, Beverly Zhang, Jianshun Haines, Sarah Kormos, David Frey, Paige Qin, Rongjun Dannemiller, Karen C. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ohio State University United States Public Laboratory for Open Technology and Science Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Syracuse University Environmental Science Graduate Program Ohio State University United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering College of Engineering Ohio State University United States Strand Associates Incorporated Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ohio State University United States Department of Environmental Health Sciences College of Public Health Ohio State University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713826514

Formaldehyde is a ubiquitous contaminant in the indoor environment that is both a carcinogen and irritant. The goal of this project is to develop a smartphone-based app for use by citizen scientists or researchers that can be paired with low-cost colorimetric badges for detection of indoor formaldehyde. We conducted both national and geographically-targeted surveys prior to app design. We have subsequently developed the app and conducted a beta test. Surveys of 147 individuals indicated broad public interest in formaldehyde testing using smartphone technology. Testing of the badges indicated consistent change in illumination with increasing formaldehyde exposure. Beta testing indicated users were able to navigate the existing app, and highlighted areas for improvement including incorporation of public surveys. Planned future analysis includes extensive calibration testing and a community-based field test. © 2018 15th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2018. All rights reserved.

关键词： Formaldehyde

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Mechanisms of Geologically Stored CO2 for Energy Storage

SSRN

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SSRN 2019年

作者： Ogland-Hand, Jonathan D. Bielicki, Jeffrey M. Environmental Science Graduate Program Ohio State University 174 West 18th ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering Ohio State University 2070 Neil Avenue ColumbusOH43210 United States John Glenn College of Public Affairs Ohio State University 1810 College Road ColumbusOH43210 United States

Carbon dioxide-Bulk Energy Storage (CO2-BES) is a bulk energy storage technology that uses carbon dioxide (CO2) in sedimentary basin geothermal resources to time-shift electricity production. Here, we investigated how the charging and discharging cycles affect the power storage capacity and power output capacity of a CO2-BES facility. We simulated the operation of CO2-BES with seven different operating cycles for fourteen years. Our results suggest that continuous charging and discharging cycles do not change the rate of heat depletion of the geothermal resource. But the power storage capacity and the power output capacity are affected because they rely on the magnitude of the overpressure. If, in a cycle, the duration of electricity dispatch is greater than the duration of electricity storage, overpressure may eventually deplete and a CO2-BES facility may cease to be operational. If idle periods where electricity is neither charged nor discharged are included in the cycle, there is a small increase in power output capacity and a small decrease in power storage capacity. In general, if electricity is dispatched and stored for equal amounts of time, the duration of dispatch/storage and of the idle period does not affect the power output capacity or the power storage capacity. As a result, as long as the cycles consist of equivalent charging and discharging durations throughout the lifetime of the facility, the length of those durations and frequency of idle periods could be based on financial incentives (e.g., diurnal variations in electricity prices), rather than process-level factors like the potential for heat or pressure depletion. © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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INTRODUCTION

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Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 2024年第8期105卷 S1-S11页

作者： Boyer, T. Blunden, J. Dunn, R.J.H. NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Silver Spring Maryland NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Asheville North Carolina Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter United Kingdom European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reading United Kingdom University of Maryland College Park Maryland Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla California NOAA/NWS National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Prediction Center College Park Maryland Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus-Senftenberg Germany Servicio Meteorológico Nacional Buenos Aires Argentina NOAA/OAR Physical Sciences Laboratory Boulder Colorado European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Bonn Germany Center for Geophysical Research and School of Physics University of Costa Rica San José Costa Rica Department of Meteorology and National Centre for Earth Observation University of Reading Reading United Kingdom Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais CEMADEN São Paulo Brazil Université Grenoble Alpes Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement IRD CNRS Grenoble INP Grenoble France Hampton University Hampton Virginia Seychelles Meteorological Authority Mahe Seychelles Section for Glaciers Ice and Snow Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate Oslo Norway National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment (INRAE) CARRTEL Université Savoie Mont Blanc Thonon les Bains France Graduate School of Agriculture Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Japan Science Faculty Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia University of Bremen Bremen Germany NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory Boulder Colorado Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú Lima Perú Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación – Spanish National Research Council (CSIC-UV-GVA) Valencia Spain Hydro-Climate Extremes Lab (H-CEL) Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department o

In 2023, La Niña conditions that generally prevailed in the eastern Pacific Ocean from mid-2020 into early 2023 gave way to a strong El Niño by October. Atmospheric concentrations of Earth’s major greenhouse gases—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—all increased to record-high levels. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere rose to 419.3±0.1 ppm, which is 50% greater than the pre-industrial level. The growth from 2022 to 2023 was 2.8 ppm, the fourth highest in the record since the 1960s. The combined short-term effects of El Niño and the long-term effects of increasing levels of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere contributed to new records for many essential climate variables reported here. The annual global temperature across land and oceans was the highest in records dating as far back as 1850, with the last seven months (June–December) having each been record warm. Over land, the globally averaged temperature was also record high. Dozens of countries reported record or near-record warmth for the year, including China and continental Europe as a whole (warmest on record), India and Russia (second warmest), and Canada (third warmest). Intense and widespread heatwaves were reported around the world. In Vietnam, an all-time national maximum temperature record of 44.2°C was observed at Tuong Duong on 7 May, surpassing the previous record of 43.4°C at Huong Khe on 20 April 2019. In Brazil, the air temperature reached 44.8°C in Araçuaí in Minas Gerais on 20 November, potentially a new national record and 12.8°C above normal. The effect of rising temperatures was apparent in the cryosphere, where snow cover extent by June 2023 was the smallest in the 56-year record for North America and seventh smallest for the Northern Hemisphere overall. Heatwaves contributed to the greatest average mass balance loss for Alpine glaciers around the world since the start of the record in 1970. Due to rapid volume loss beginning in 2021, St. A

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Mechanisms of Geologically Stored CO2 for Energy Storage 14

Mechanisms of Geologically Stored CO2 for Energy Storage

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14th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT 2018

作者： Ogland-Hand, Jonathan D. Bielicki, Jeffrey M. Environmental Science Graduate Program The Ohio State University 174 West 18th ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering The Ohio State University 2070 Neil Avenue ColumbusOH43210 United States John Glenn College of Public Affairs The Ohio State University 1810 College Road ColumbusOH43210 United States

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Publisher Correction: Machine learning in Earth and environmental science requires education and research policy reforms

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Nature Geoscience 2022年 156页

作者： Sean W. Fleming James R. Watson Ashley Ellenson Alex J. Cannon Velimir C. Vesselinov National Water and Climate Center Natural Resources Conservation Service US Department of Agriculture Portland OR USA College of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA Water Resources Graduate Program Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada Department of Civil and Construction Engineering Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA Climate Research Division Environment and Climate Change Canada Vancouver British Columbia Canada Computational Earth Sciences Group Environmental and Earth Sciences Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA

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Human Dimensions: Journey and Future of the Inclusive Ecology Section

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The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 2021年第3期102卷

作者： Anne Marie Aramati Casper Kennedy F. Rubert-Nason Wilnelia Recart Kylea Rose Garces Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Colorado State University 400 Isotope Dr Fort Collins Colorado 80521 USA Natural Sciences University of Maine at Fort Kent 23 University Drive Fort Kent Maine 04734 USA Biology Department University of San Diego Shiley Center for Science & Technology 372 San Diego California 92110 USA Department of Biology University of Louisville Life Sciences Building of 40292 #139 Louisville Kentucky 40208 USA

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Unequal access to social, environmental and health amenities in US urban parks

Nature Cities

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Nature Cities 2024年 861-870页

作者： Richelle L. Winkler Jeffrey A. G. Clark Dexter H. Locke Peleg Kremer Myla F. J. Aronson Fushcia-Ann Hoover Hogyeum Evan Joo Daniele La Rosa KangJae Jerry Lee Susannah B. Lerman Hamil Pearsall Timothy L. V. Vargo Charles H. Nilon Christopher A. Lepczyk United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service Kansas City MO USA Natural Areas Conservancy New York NY USA USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Baltimore MD USA Department of Geography and the Environment Villanova University Villanova PA USA Department of Ecology Evolution and Natural Resources Rutgers The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ USA Department of Earth Environmental and Geographical Sciences University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC USA Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution Rutgers The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ USA Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Catania Catania Italy Department of Parks Recreation and Tourism University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Amherst MA USA Department of Geography and Urban Studies Temple University Philadelphia PA USA Urban Ecology Center Milwaukee WI USA School of Natural Resources University of Missouri Columbia MO USA College of Forestry Wildlife and Environment Auburn University Auburn AL USA

Urban parks provide vital social, environmental and health benefits to residents. However, the spatial distribution of parks, and the amenities they provide, may not be equitably distributed within cities. We examine the accessibility of urban parks with different social, environmental and health amenities by race and ethnicity. We identified 122,988 urban parks across the USA, measured the racial/ethnic population distribution within a 10-min walkshed around each park and compared these distributions to the overall demographics of the city. We found that the spatial distribution of parks as well as park amenities differ according to the neighborhood demographics. Racial/ethnic compositions of neighborhoods surrounding parks tend to be whiter than other parts of the same cities, though there are regional differences. Parks in predominantly white neighborhoods are cooler in the summer and have more tree cover compared with parks in neighborhoods with greater proportions of Hispanic and Black residents. Differences in amenities hold across regions of the country. Our study demonstrates that inequities in access to high-quality parks are widespread across the USA.

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Operational Characteristics of a Geologic CO2 Storage Bulk Energy Storage Technology

SSRN

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SSRN 2019年

作者： Ogland-Hand, Jonathan D. Miranda, Marcos W. Bielicki, Jeffrey M. Adams, Benjamin M. Buscheck, Thomas A. Saar, Martin O. Environmental Science Graduate Program Ohio State University 174 West 18th ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering Ohio State University 2070 Neil Avenue ColumbusOH43210 United States John Glenn College of Public Affairs Ohio State University 1810 College Road ColumbusOH43210 United States Sonneggstrasse 5 Zurich8092 Switzerland Atmospheric Earth and Energy Division Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94550 United States

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Free vibration of orthotropic Levy-type solution plates by using SEM

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期615卷

作者： S Kiryu S W Alisjahbana I Alisjahbana A L Han B S Gan Department of Architecture Graduate School of Engineering Nihon University Koriyama Japan Faculty of Engineering and Informatics Bakrie University Jakarta Indonesia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Master Program Student Stanford University California USA Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia Department of Architecture College of Engineering Nihon University Koriyama Japan

Orthotropic Levy-type solution plates considering shear deformation were solved by using the Spectral Element Method (SEM). In SEM, the exact solution of structural dynamic related problems can be solved by using the frequency-dependent shape functions. The solutions of SEM are accurate in decreasing the amount of Degree Of Freedoms (DOF) to discard the cost and computational disadvantages in the Finite Element Method (FEM). This study investigates the free vibration problems of orthotropic Levy-type solution plates solutions based on the two variable Refined Plate Theory (RPT). SEM for orthotropic Levy-type solution plates in the frequency domain was formulated to solve free vibration problems. The differential governing equations of the orthotropic plate element in SEM are formulated into the form of transcendental stiffness matrices. The boundary conditions of the spectral element model consist of four edge-type DOFs at each side of the orthotropic Levy-type solution plates. The natural frequencies of the plate are calculated by means of the Wittrick-Williams procedure. The numerical investigations are presented to show the accuracy, efficiency, and effectiveness of SEM without any discretization scheme.

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