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ce/papers 2021年第2-4期4卷 764-771页

作者： Castanheira, Deborah S. de Lima, Luciano R. O. Vellasco, Pedro C. G. da S. Cashell, Katherine A. Gardner, Leroy PGECIV - Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Program UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College London London United Kingdom Structural Engineering Department UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Brunel University London United Kingdom

This paper presents an experimental study into the behaviour of concrete filled double skin tubular (CFDST) stub columns. A total of eight axial compression tests were carried out, half of which were filled with conventional concrete and the remainder had recycled aggregate concrete. The columns were circular in cross-section and comprised an austenitic stainless steel outer tube and a carbon steel inner tube, of varying dimensions. Accordingly, hollow ratios of 0.67 and 0.55 were considered. The recycled coarse aggregate was made by crushing test specimens from a previous research project. A replacement ratio of 50% was adopted in these tests. Both the natural coarse aggregates and the recycled aggregates had a maximum diameter of 9.5 mm. During the tests, similar structural behaviour and failure modes were observed between the columns with conventional and recycled aggregate concrete, and the faiure modes were identical. The experimental results are compared with available design procedures and it is ultimately shown that using recycled aggregate concrete rather than regular concrete in CFDST stub columns does not have a significant effect on the performance. © 2021 Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin.

关键词： Compression testing

Characterization of vulnerability of road networks to fluvial flooding using SIS network diffusion model

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Journal of Infrastructure Preservation and Resilience 2020年第1期1卷 1-13页

作者： Abdulla, Bahrulla Kiaghadi, Amin Rifai, Hanadi S. Birgisson, Bjorn Zachry Department of Civil Engineering Texas A & ampM University 3136 TAMU College StationTX77843 United States Research Associate Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Environmental Engineering Graduate Program N138 Engineering Building 1 HoustonTX77204-4003 United States

This study aims to characterize the vulnerability of road networks to fluvial flooding using a network diffusion-based method. Various network diffusion models have been applied widely for modeling the spreading of contagious diseases or capturing opinion dynamics in social networks. By comparison, their application in the context of physical infrastructure networks has just started to gain some momentum, although physical infrastructure networks also exhibit diffusion-like phenomena under certain stressors. This study applies a susceptible-impacted-susceptible (SIS) diffusion model to capture the impact of flooding on the road network connectivity. To that end, this paper undertook the following four steps. First, the road network was modeled as primal graphs and nodes that were flood-prone (or the origins of the fluvial flood) were identified. Second, temporal changes in the flood depth within the road network during a flooding event were obtained using a data-driven geospatial model. Third, based on the relationship between vehicle speed and flood depth on road networks, at each time step, the nodes in the road network were divided into two discrete categories, namely functional and closed, standing for Susceptible and Impacted in the SIS diffusion model, respectively. Then, two parameters of the SIS model, average transition probabilities between states, were estimated using the results of the hydraulic simulation. Fourth, the robustness of the road network under various SIS diffusion scenarios was estimated, which was used to test the statistical significance of the difference between the robustness of the road network against diffusions started from the randomly chosen nodes and nodes with different high centrality measures. The methodology was demonstrated using the road network in the Memorial super neighborhood in Houston. The results show that diffusive disruptions that start from nodes with high centrality values do not necessarily cause a more significan

关键词： Floods

A Review of Netzero Energy Buildings in Brazil

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Matana Júnior, Sidnei Frandoloso, Marcos Antonio Leite Brião, Vandré Barbosa Universidade de Passo Fundo Post-Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering Campus I BR 285 km 292.7 B. Passo Fundo/RS São José99052-900 Brazil Campus I BR 285 km 292.7 B. Passo Fundo/RS São José99052-900 Brazil

Buildings are relevant electricity consumers, and projections of increased demand until 2040, leading to the necessary actions aimed at energy efficiency, consumption reduction, and the transition to a renewable energy matrix. The 2030 Agenda addresses these subjects, and this context is inserted in the concept of Netzero Energy Buildings (NZEB). The concept combines consumption reduction and its compensation with renewable energy. The main objective of this present study is to establish an overview of NZEB in Brazil and to identify the strategies adopted by these buildings. A survey of strategies was carried out based on the buildings certified by the Green Building Council Brazil, available on the companies, designers, and contractors’ websites. In Brazil, there are 75 buildings in the certification process, and 21 have already proven their self-sufficiency, evidencing the use of solutions to reduce consumption, such as lighting and efficient equipment and passive architecture strategies. The research has identified the photovoltaic solar energy predominance as a strategy for NZEB. Brazil presents a favorable scenario for the NZEBs expansion due to climatic characteristics and public policies that contribute to meeting the Sustainable Development Goal 7, objectives scenario that is sub-exploited nowadays. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

Oxygen Carrier Derived from Ferric Sludge for Chemical Looping Combustion of Msw Syngas: Waste Derived Material Performance and Carbon Footprint Assessment

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yang, Chat How Joewin Koh Liu, Guicai Chan, Wei Ping Zhao, Ya Liu, Wen Lim, Teik Thye Lisak, Grzegorz Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University Singapore637141 Singapore Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University 1 Cleantech Loop Cleantech One Singapore637141 Singapore School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Singapore637459 Singapore School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore

The utilization of water treatment sludge (i.e., ferric sludge) was explored as the oxygen carrier (OC) for chemical looping combustion (CLC) of municipal solid waste (MSW) syngas. The performance of ferric sludge (FS) in CLC and simultaneous HCl removal was evaluated in a bench-scale fluidized bed, and was compared with iron ore (IO) as a benchmarked OC. The results show that FS (92%) performed better than IO (82%) in terms of syngas combustion efficiency and FS was able to remove HCl (77% removal efficiency) while IO was unable to remove any HCl. Comparison of reaction temperature reveals that FS performed better at lower CLC temperature between 800 °C and 850 °C. Agglomeration was observed when FS was used in extended CLC cycles. Thus, investigation of using inert a-Al2O3 support together with FS for extended CLC cycles was investigated. Agglomeration and sintering were drastically reduced and good combustion efficiency of 88% for H2 and 74% for CO was attained. Carbon footprint assessment illustrated that FS was superior as a greener material based on global warming potential of 20 and 100 years. Conversion of FS as an OC were characterized with 104.23 and 108.0 kgCO2/t lower than IO for GWP-20 and GWP-100, exhibiting the competitiveness in the usage of waste-derived material in CLC. Hence, FS can be considered as a novel, cost-effective, and greener OC for CLC. The co-utilization of waste-derived material and waste-derived syngas through CLC would be an integrated solution for improved circularity and sustainability. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chlorine compounds

Carbon dioxide, global boiling, and climate carnage, from generation to assimilation, photocatalytic conversion to renewable fuels, and mechanism

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 965卷 178629页

作者： Khan, Muhammad Sun, Xiaohui Zada, Amir Azizi, Shohreh Shah, Muhammad Ishaq Ali Khan, Javed Ali Ragab, Ahmed H. Taher, Mostafa A. Abbas, Qumber Han, Changseok College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen University 3688 Nanhai Avenue Guangdong Province Shenzhen518060 China Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Mardan23200 Pakistan UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences and Nanotechnology College of Graduate Studies University of South Africa Muckleneuk Ridge PO Box 392 Pretoria0002 South Africa Chemistry Department Faculty of Science King Khalid University P.O. Box 9004 Abha61413 Saudi Arabia Biology Department Faculty of Science and Arts King Khalid University Mohail Assir 61321 Saudi Arabia Department of Technologies and Installations for Waste Management Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering Silesian University of Technology Gliwice44-100 Poland Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering of INHA University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Department of Environmental Engineering INHA University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon22212 Korea Republic of

The increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has substantial impacts on the global temperature. For energy sustainability and minimization of the effects of global warming, an approach to understand CO2 capturing and a carbon neutral culture is extremely essential in the present circumstances. The CO2 emission from vehicles and industries can be minimized using energy cost-effective techniques and can be converted more selectively into reusable fuels via thermochemical, electrochemical, photochemical, photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, biological and inorganic carbonate-based approaches. In this review article, we have discussed the effects of increased global temperature on human beings, economy and climate change. Further, we have discussed the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 (PC-CO2) into gaseous and liquid fuels under solar light driven photocatalysis. The adsorption and activation of CO2, its conversion into various intermediates, their stability and selectivity of the final products have been elaborated comprehensively. The conversion mechanisms of CO2 into CO, CH4, alcohol, aldehyde and carboxylic acid have been discussed in detail. The role of defects and exposed facets of photocatalysts, effect of metal and non-metal dopants, and the additive role of co-catalyst on the mechanisms and selectivity of the conversion products have been discussed comprehensively. Finally, future perspective is discussed to highlight the research gap in the PC-CO2. We hope that this article will help to understand the mechanisms of PC-CO2 and will direct researchers to add their role in the reduction of CO2 to control global warming and make life easier on earth in the coming years. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Kyoto Protocol

By-products of Baru and Monguba: A review of their potential

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Food and Humanity

Food and Humanity 2025年 4卷

作者： Miranda, Bruna Melo Tovar, Beatriz Carolina Alvez Otero, Deborah Murowaniecki da Silva, Flávio Alves Scalize, Paulo Sergio de Oliveira, Tatianne Ferreira Department of Food Science Nutrition School Federal University of Bahia Canela Campus Bahia Salvador Brazil Department of Food Engineering Agronomy School Federal University of Goiás Goiás Goiânia Brazil Institute of Experimental Biology Faculty of Sciences Central University of Venezuela Caracas Venezuela Graduate Program in Food Science Faculty of Pharmacy Federal University of Bahia Campus Ondina Bahia Salvador Brazil Graduate Program in Food Nutrition and Health Nutrition School Federal University of Bahia Campus Canela Bahia Salvador Brazil School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Goiás Goiás Goiânia Brazil

During food processing, large amounts of waste are generated, which compromise the environment and society. The valorization of agri-food by-products has been investigated as a solution to obtain clean energy and value-added materials, improving food security and production profitability. This research focuses on the by-products of baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) and monguba (Pachira aquatica Aubl.), discussing their applications and biotechnological perspectives. A critical review of the parameters related to the valorization of these by-products was conducted, using publications from 2013 to 2023, prioritizing studies that presented new knowledge. An increase in publications on the topic was observed starting in 2020, with Brazil leading, followed by India, Portugal, and Singapore. Although still underexplored, eight areas of knowledge were identified, with emphasis on food science and chemistry. Monguba lacks technological exploitation and economic value, while baru, despite being more documented, remains underutilized. Both fruits have fractions (epicarp, mesocarp, and endocarp) that are often considered waste but are of scientific interest. The mesocarp of baru is rich in proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and phenolic compounds with high antioxidant capacity. The by-products of baru and monguba can be used in the extraction of nutraceutical compounds, in the transformation into biomaterials for water impurity removal, in renewable energy production, in food enrichment, and as ingredients in animal feed, improving the quality of eggs and meat. The use of these by-products offers economic and environmental advantages, reducing contamination caused by the improper disposal of agro-industrial waste. It is essential to promote their commercial exploitation and potential applications. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Bioactive compounds Biomaterials By-products application Functional foods Residues recovery Sustainable agriculture

Numerical assessment of stainless steel tubular T-joints subjected to brace and chord axial forces

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ce/papers 2021年第2-4期4卷 2495-2503页

作者： Nogueira, Mateus M. de Lima, Luciano R. O. da S. Vellasco, Pedro C. G. Young, Ben PGECIV - Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Program UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Structural Engineering Department UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

The utilisation of tubular sections in steel structures has increased significantly worldwide. The use of stainless steel provides several benefits for structures, including high corrosion resistance, durability, fire resistance and ease of maintenance. A significant issue in the design of tubular structures is the joints failure since they are highly susceptible to local failures that influence their actual overall behavior. The design rules of welded carbon steel tubular joints are available, such as Eurocode 3, part 1-8, NBR 16239, ISO 14346 and CIDECT guides. When stainless steel tubular joints are considered, the AS/NZS 4673 Australian/New Zealand Standard is the only available specification that can be used. An experimental and numerical analysis of these tubular joints are recommended since they enable a more accurate evaluation of their structural performance. Concerning these aspects, this work aims to investigate stainless steel tubular T-joints fabricated by SHS and RHS cold-formed profiles that focused on the effect of chord pre-loading. For this purpose, a numerical study based on finite element analysis was performed. The finite element model was developed and calibrated against experiments. The results were subsequently compared with the aforementioned design predictions. © 2021 Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin.

关键词： Finite element method

Evaluation of Marginal and Average Sectorial Ghgs Emissions Abatement Costs Using an Open-Source Energy System Optimization Model: The Italian Case Study

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Nicoli, Matteo Colucci, Gianvito Faria, Victor Augusto Duraes Lerede, Daniele de Queiroz, Anderson Rodrigo Savoldi, Laura MAHTEP Group Dipartimento Energia "Galileo Ferraris" Politecnico di Torino Torino Italy Department of Civil Construction & Environmental Engineering NC State University RaleighNC United States Graduate Program on Operations Research NC State University RaleighNC United States Department of Economics and Statistics "Cognetti de Martiis" Università degli Studi di Torino Italy School of Business NC Central University DurhamNC United States

To achieve the goal of transforming Europe into a carbon-neutral continent by 2050, it is essential that emission reduction efforts are supported by well-informed decision-making processes and models. This paper proposes a methodology to evaluate the curves of the marginal GHGs abatement cost through energy system optimization models. The analysis is performed by comparing the marginal cost associated with progressively stricter decarbonization pathways from 2020 to 2050 with the emission reduction benefit. Moreover, average sectorial and sub-sectorial abatement costs are computed to assess the role of different sectors and technologies in the decarbonization process. In the light of its international commitment towards GHGs emission reduction, the selected case study is the Italian energy system, being Italy one of the largest emitting countries in Europe. The maximum marginal cost associated with the -90% emission reduction target in 2050 with respect to the reference scenario is approximately 1600 €/t. From our findings, the power sector turns out to be the cheapest sector to decarbonize (~ 170 €/t), while the industrial sector is the most expensive (~ 620 €/t). The values obtained for the abatement cost suggest that a carbon tax around 160 €/t would be sufficient to strongly reduce the emissions from the Italian energy system. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon

Are facilities to support alternative modes effective in reducing congestion?: Modeling the effect of heterogeneous traffic conditions on vehicle delay at intersections

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Multimodal Transportation 2023年第1期2卷

作者： Kodupuganti, Swapneel R. Pulugurtha, Srinivas S. Ph.D. Graduate of Infrastructure and Environmental Systems (INES) Program The University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Boulevard Charlotte 28223-0001 NC United States Professor & Research Director of Civil & Environmental Engineering Department Director of Infrastructure Design Environment and Sustainability (IDEAS) Center The University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Boulevard Charlotte 28223-0001 NC United States

Multimodal facilities are being built in a majority of urban areas to accommodate both motorized and non-motorized traffic. The resulting transportation system is susceptible to complex interactions between different modes and users. These complex interactions are hard to quantify and capture on a regular basis. There is a need to rely on a microsimulation platform to replicate such real-world scenarios and forecast future conditions. This study focuses on assessing the effect of heterogeneous traffic conditions involving multiple modes like light rail transit (LRT), walking, bicycling, and motorized traffic on vehicle delay at intersections using Vissim traffic simulation software. A 2.5-mile urban arterial corridor comprising of seven at-grade and two grade-separated signalized intersections along US-29 route in the city of Charlotte, NC, USA was chosen for analysis and modeling. Base simulation model was developed by replicating the traffic scenario for the year 2018 (without LRT and non-motorized traffic). External controllers like VisVAP and Viswalk were used to assign signal priority and model heterogenous traffic conditions. The vehicle operational performance of the corridor improved along the major street after the addition of the LRT. An increase in vehicle delay on the major street was observed with an increase in the non-motorized traffic. Contrarily, the operational performance of the cross-streets at at-grade intersections did not see any significant change due to the addition of non-motorized traffic. The proposed framework assists planners to assess the impact of adding a new transit system like LRT and associated non-motorized traffic on the urban corridor. © 2022

关键词： Bicyclist Light rail transit LRT Operational performance Pedestrian Vehicle delay

Development of Artificial Intelligence-Based Model for Prediction of the Compressive Strength of Self-Compacting Concrete

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SSRN 2021年

作者： Ly, Hai-Bang Pham, Binh Thai Nguyen, Thuy-Anh Nguyen, May Huu Civil Engineering Department University of Transport Technology 54 Trieu Khuc Thanh Xuan Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Civil and Environmental Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8527 Japan

This study investigated the usability of an artificial neural network model (ANN) and the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) method for predicting the compressive strength of self-compacting concrete (SCC). The ANN-GWO model was developed using an experimental database of 115 samples obtained from various sources considering nine key factors of SCC. The validation of the proposed model was evaluated via six indices including correlation coefficient, mean squared error, mean absolute error, IA, Slope, and mean absolute percentage error. In addition, the importance of each parameter affecting the compressive strength of SCC was investigated utilizing partial dependence plots. The findings demonstrated that the proposed ANN-GWO model is a reliable predictor of SCC compressive strength. Following that, an examination of the parameters impacting the compressive strength of SCC was provided. © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Compressive strength