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Communicating Science Through Press Releases to News Media: The Case Study of What Is Controlling the Fabled Water Clarity of Lake Tahoe

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Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 2024年第2期33卷 73-76页

作者： Chandra, Sudeep Paerl, Hans W. Melack, John Lovejoy, Connie Priscu, John C. Bess, Zach Coil, John Goldman, Charles R. Brett, Michael T. Suenaga, Erin Nava, Veronica Global Water Center University of Nevada Reno NV United States Institute of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Morehead City NC United States Bren School of Environmental Science and Management University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA United States Département de Biologie Québec Océan Université Laval Québec QC Canada Montana State University Bozeman MT United States Ecology Evolution and Conservation Biology Graduate Program University of Nevada Reno NV United States JC Oil Environmental Consulting Davis CA United States Tahoe Research Group University of California Davis Emeritus Davis CA United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Milano-Bicocca MI Milano Italy

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Polyolefin-derived substrate-grown carbon nanotubes as binder-free electrode for hydrogen evolution in alkaline media

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Chemosphere 2024年 349卷 140769页

作者： Wu, XinYi Tu, Wei Han Veksha, Andrei Chen, Wenqian Lisak, Grzegorz Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University 1 Cleantech Loop Clean Tech One 637141 Singapore School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University 1 Cleantech Loop Cleantech One Singapore 637141 Singapore

Switching from a linear mode of waste management to a circular loop by transforming plastic waste into carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is a promising approach to current plastic waste treatment. One of the many applications of CNTs is its use for electrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen evolution. Existing methods of CNTs-based hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrode fabrication involve additives like polymeric binders and additional steps to improve CNT dispersion, which are detrimental to the CNT structure and properties. The in-situ fabrication approach can potentially be a one-pot solution to HER electrode synthesis. In this study, polyolefins pyrolysis gas and a Co:Ni:Mg catalyst were used to fabricate binder-free CNTs-based electrodes on different substrates for HER. The study assessed CNT quality on conductive carbon paper, semiconductive silicon, and dielectric glass substrates, evaluating their HER performance in 1 M KOH. A mixture of hollow-core, bamboo-like, and cup-stacked arrangement nanotubes were synthesized on the substrates, with CNTs on glass and carbon paper substrates possessing better graphitization than CNTs grown on silicon. This is in agreement with HER performance, whereby the as-prepared electrodes required overpotentials of 267 mV, 241 mV, and 216 mV for silicon, glass, and carbon paper, respectively, to achieve 10 mA/cm2. Despite being poorly conductive, the glass substrate electrode achieved a lower overpotential than the silicon electrode. Additionally, the as-prepared silicon electrode faced a delamination issue likely attributed to the lower surface energy of the silicon substrate surface, demonstrating the weaker adhesion between the CNTs and silicon surface. The proposed approach thus showed that the in-situ fabricated electrodes performed better than separately synthesized CNTs prepared into electrodes by 27.4% and 14.2% for carbon paper and glass substrates, respectively. The improved performance of the as-prepared, binder-free e

关键词： Carbon nanotubes

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Influence of Granulometric Composition on the Pervious Concrete Paste-Thickness-Based Mix Design Method

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Xavier, Loyane Luma Sousa Rohden, Abrahão Bernardo Mesquita, Esequiel F.T. Strieder, Helena Lunkes Garcez, Mônica Regina Regional University of Blumenau Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program 3250 São Paulo St. SC Blumenau89030-000 Brazil Federal University of Ceará Civil Engineering Post-Graduation Program Pici Campus - Building 728 CE Fortaleza60455-900 Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Civil Engineering Post-Graduation Program: Construction and Infrastructure 99 Osvaldo Aranha Av. – 7th floor room 706 RS Porto Alegre90035-190 Brazil

Understanding how the granulometric composition affects the mechanic and hydraulic properties of the pervious concrete mixtures is crucial since the response of mix design methods may vary according to the locally available materials. Thus, this paper investigates how different granulometric compositions may influence the performance of pervious concrete mixtures designed by the well-recognized paste-thickness-based method. The effects on mechanical properties, hydraulic conductivity, pore distribution, resistance to degradation, packing density, and the use of superplasticizers were investigated. The granulometric composition significantly influenced the pervious concrete mixtures properties, indicating that the paste-thickness-based method response depends on the coarse aggregate particle size distribution. Larger aggregate sizes resulted in fewer but larger pores. The aggregate size ratio influenced the functionality of the pervious concrete due to the smaller aggregates that probably filled the voids left by the larger ones, reducing the porosity and, consequently, the permeability of the mixtures. Uniform granulometry (single-sized grain) prevents the granular packing and increases air voids' size and quantity, unlike continuous granulometry. The binder drainage test performed in the mixtures with superplasticizer resulted in lower w/c ratios and higher cement consumption with possible non-hydrated cement particles. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Concrete mixtures

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Improving the Performance of Asphalt Mixtures with Highly Acidic Aggregates in Central Vietnam Using Modifier Based on Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene and Rosin Resin

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Journal of Materials in civil engineering 2025年第7期37卷

作者： Nguyen, Lan Ngoc Lee, Hosin David Bui, Lam Tung Kim, Young-Ik Truong, Van Quyet Nguyen, May Huu Nguyen, Du Van Dept. of Construction Materials Faculty of Construction Engineering Univ. of Transport and Communications No. 03 Cau Giay Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering Iowa Technology Institute The Univ. of Iowa Iowa CityIA52242 United States Research Dept. Hansoo Natech Co. Ltd. 6-20 Yuseong-daero 1205beon-gil Yuseong-gu Daejeon34104 Korea Republic of Civil and Environmental Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima Univ. 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8527 Japan Faculty of Civil Engineering Univ. of Transport and Communications Campus in Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam

In Central Vietnam, the aggregate typically originates from highly acidic rocks containing a significant amount of silicon dioxide (SiO2), leading to poor adhesion quality with virgin asphalt binder. Hence, the asphalt mixture production usually needs to utilize adhesion promoters. Based on the chemical compositions of the sample aggregate (up to 72.3% SiO2), research has been conducted to introduce an adhesive agent called rubber modified compound (RMC-160), which is composed of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) with petroleum hydrocarbon resin, treated clay and mineral oil. This article presents the research findings regarding the adhesion effectiveness of RMC-160-modified asphalt binder to high acid-based aggregate through laboratory and field tests, along with the mixture performance under both short-term oven aging (STOA) and long-term oven aging (LTOA). The test results exhibited remarkable effects, whereby the asphalt binder modified with RMC-160 additive significantly increased the adhesion level from Grade 2 to Grade 4, and the asphalt mixtures containing RMC-160 had lower rutting and higher cracking tolerance (CTIndex) under both the STOA and LTOA conditions. © 2025 American Society of civil Engineers.

关键词： Silicon oxides

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Intensifying intermittent aeration for optimizing nutrient and hormone removal in vertical-flow constructed wetlands filled with aerated concrete

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Chemosphere 2025年 370卷 143941页

作者： Donato, Mayra Alves de Oliveira Souza, Adelania Pacheco, Amanda de Carvalho Silva, Lucas Svenar, Silvana Nagalli, André Passig, Fernando Hermes Brasil Bernardelli, Jossy Karla Querne de Carvalho, Karina - Civil Engineering Graduate Program. Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado St. 5000 Ecoville Paraná Curitiba81280-340 Brazil – Environmental Sciences and Technology Graduate Program. Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado St. 5000 Ecoville Paraná Curitiba81280-340 Brazil - Civil Construction Academic Department Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado St. 5000 Ecoville Paraná Curitiba81280-340 Brazil - Biology and Chemistry Academic Department. Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado St. 5000 Ecoville Paraná Curitiba81280-340 Brazil

Operational strategies have been applied in constructed wetlands to optimize the removal of nutrients and hormones that are still a concern in wastewater treatment. The strategy of intensifying intermittent aeration was investigated in two microcosm-scale vertical-flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) planted with Eichhornia crassipes onto autoclaved aerated concrete (AC) in the removal of nutrients, estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). CW-1 (2.4 LO2 min−1) and CW-2 (1.4 LO2 min−1) were fed with synthetic wastewater in sequencing-batch mode (cycles 48-48-72 h) and intermittently aerated for 1 h, followed by 7 h without aeration for 377 days. Combined with the intensification strategy, the use of planted free-floating macrophytes and concrete-based material (emergent) as filtering media stand out as the innovation and originality aspects of this study. Despite the hormone addition, intensifying aeration enhanced the efficiencies since CW-1 achieved the highest removals with 91% COD, 77% TN, 74% TAN, 60% nitrate, and 97% TP in Stage I (no hormone addition) and 90% COD, 80% TN, 93% TAN, 63% nitrate, and 82% TP in Stage II (with hormone addition). CW-1 achieved the highest removal efficiencies of E1 (84%), E2 (95%), and EE2 (73%). Conversely, the efficiencies decreased under the lower aeration rate (in CW-2) for all parameters. Macrophyte uptake and adsorption stood out for TN (>60.25%) and TP (>27.6%) removal as the main mechanisms in the VFCWs. The characteristics of AC favored ion exchange and precipitation, reinforcing the potential of this material as filtering media in VFCWs. Intensification of intermittent aeration combined with hormone addition diverse and riched the microbial community with the presence of Thauera, Lentimicrobium (denitrification), Candidatus Accumulibacter (phosphorus removal), Pseudomonas, Fusibacter, and Azoarcus (EE2 degradation). Intensifying intermittent aeration was an important strategy to enhance the simultaneou

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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D-SRGAN: DEM Super-Resolution with Generative Adversarial Networks

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SN Computer Science 2021年第1期2卷 48页

作者： Demiray, Bekir Z. Sit, Muhammed Demir, Ibrahim Department of Computer Science University of Iowa Iowa City United States Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Informatics University of Iowa Iowa City United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Iowa Iowa City United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Iowa Iowa City United States

Digital elevation model (DEM) is a critical data source for variety of applications such as road extraction, hydrological modeling, flood mapping, and many geospatial studies. The usage of high-resolution DEMs as inputs in many application areas improves the overall reliability and accuracy of the raw dataset. The goal of this study is to develop a machine learning model that increases the spatial resolution of DEM without additional information. In this paper, a GAN based model (D-SRGAN), inspired by single image super-resolution methods, is developed and evaluated to increase the resolution of DEMs. The experiment results show that D-SRGAN produces promising results while constructing 3 feet high-resolution DEMs from 50 feet low-resolution DEMs. It outperforms common statistical interpolation methods and neural network *** study shows that it is possible to use the power of artificial neural networks to increase the resolution of the DEMs. The study also demonstrates that approaches from single image super-resolution can be applied for DEM super-resolution. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Deep learning DEM DEM reconstruction Generative adversarial networks (GANs) Super-resolution

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Experimental Assessment of Stainless and Carbon Steel Double-Skin Tubular Stub Columns Filled with Recycled Aggregate Concrete

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ce/papers 2021年第2-4期4卷 764-771页

作者： Castanheira, Deborah S. de Lima, Luciano R. O. Vellasco, Pedro C. G. da S. Cashell, Katherine A. Gardner, Leroy PGECIV - Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Program UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College London London United Kingdom Structural Engineering Department UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Brunel University London United Kingdom

This paper presents an experimental study into the behaviour of concrete filled double skin tubular (CFDST) stub columns. A total of eight axial compression tests were carried out, half of which were filled with conventional concrete and the remainder had recycled aggregate concrete. The columns were circular in cross-section and comprised an austenitic stainless steel outer tube and a carbon steel inner tube, of varying dimensions. Accordingly, hollow ratios of 0.67 and 0.55 were considered. The recycled coarse aggregate was made by crushing test specimens from a previous research project. A replacement ratio of 50% was adopted in these tests. Both the natural coarse aggregates and the recycled aggregates had a maximum diameter of 9.5 mm. During the tests, similar structural behaviour and failure modes were observed between the columns with conventional and recycled aggregate concrete, and the faiure modes were identical. The experimental results are compared with available design procedures and it is ultimately shown that using recycled aggregate concrete rather than regular concrete in CFDST stub columns does not have a significant effect on the performance. © 2021 Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin.

关键词： Compression testing

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Harnessing High-Level Hydrogen Sulfide Stress for Enhanced Biogas Utilization: Adaptive Resilience of a Mixed-Culture System

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhou, Yan Zhang, Baorui Liu, Jianbo Cai, Chen Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University 61 Nanyang Drive 637335 Singapore Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University 1 Cleantech Loop Singapore637141 Singapore CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore639798 Singapore

Biogas, a heterogeneous mixture predominantly composed of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), serves as a substrate for diverse microorganisms, including methanotrophs and microalgae, facilitating carbon sequestration, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, and generating biomass for multifarious applications. However, the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a common contaminant in biogas, can exert toxic effects on these microorganisms, potentially inhibiting their growth and metabolic processes. This study investigated the effects of H2S on a mixed-culture system utilizing a long-term continuous flow photobioreactor. The results demonstrated that the mixed-culture system could tolerate H2S concentration up to 1000 ppm without significant performance deterioration. Notably, when the mixed-culture system was exposed to a higher H2S concentration (5000 ppm) for an extended period of one month, the CH4 and CO2 utilization rates increased threefold. Furthermore, the primary byproduct, protein, constituted over 50% of the cell dry weight. Comprehensive analysis of the microbial community composition and metabolic pathways revealed adaptive shifts in response to H2S stress. In-depth analysis of functional genes indicated that the system possessed the capacity to adapt and maintain its functionality even under severe H2S stress. This study provides valuable insights into microbial and metabolic mechanisms underlying H2S resistance in a mixed culture, providing an opportunity for the establishment of an H2S-resistant biosystem for practical biogas transformation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen sulfide

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Numerical assessment of stainless steel tubular T-joints subjected to brace and chord axial forces

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ce/papers 2021年第2-4期4卷 2495-2503页

作者： Nogueira, Mateus M. de Lima, Luciano R. O. da S. Vellasco, Pedro C. G. Young, Ben PGECIV - Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Program UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Structural Engineering Department UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

The utilisation of tubular sections in steel structures has increased significantly worldwide. The use of stainless steel provides several benefits for structures, including high corrosion resistance, durability, fire resistance and ease of maintenance. A significant issue in the design of tubular structures is the joints failure since they are highly susceptible to local failures that influence their actual overall behavior. The design rules of welded carbon steel tubular joints are available, such as Eurocode 3, part 1-8, NBR 16239, ISO 14346 and CIDECT guides. When stainless steel tubular joints are considered, the AS/NZS 4673 Australian/New Zealand Standard is the only available specification that can be used. An experimental and numerical analysis of these tubular joints are recommended since they enable a more accurate evaluation of their structural performance. Concerning these aspects, this work aims to investigate stainless steel tubular T-joints fabricated by SHS and RHS cold-formed profiles that focused on the effect of chord pre-loading. For this purpose, a numerical study based on finite element analysis was performed. The finite element model was developed and calibrated against experiments. The results were subsequently compared with the aforementioned design predictions. © 2021 Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin.

关键词： Finite element method

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Evaluation of the Mechanisms Acting on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in CESM2 for the 1pctCO_(2) Experiment

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2024年第1期7卷 40-58页

作者： Lívia Sancho Elisa Passos Marcio Cataldi Luiz Paulo de Freitas Assad Luiz Landau Laboratory of Computational Methods in Engineering Civil Engineering ProgramAlberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Graduate Studies and Research in EngineeringFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro21941-617Brazil Civil Engineering Program Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Graduate Studies and Engineering ResearchFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro21941-617Brazil Physical Oceanography Laboratory Department of Physical OceanographyFaculty of OceanographyRio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de Janeiro20559-900Brazil Climate System Monitoring and Modeling Laboratory Water Resources and Environmental EngineeringFluminense Federal University24020-140Brazil Regional Atmospheric Modeling Group(MAR) Physics of the EarthDepartment of PhysicsRegional Campus of International Excellence(CEIR)“Campus Mare Nostrum”University of MurciaMurcia30100Spain Department of Meteorology Institute of GeosciencesFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro21941-617Brazil

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation(AMOC)is a crucial component of the Earth’s climate system due to its fundamental role in heat distribution,carbon and oxygen transport,and the *** climate components,such as the atmosphere and sea ice,influence the *** the physical mechanisms of those interactions is paramount to increasing knowledge about AMOC’s *** this study,the authors used outputs from the Community Earth System Model version 2 and observational data to investigate changes in theAMOC and the associated physical *** DECK experiments were evaluated:piControl and 1pctCO_(2),with an annual increase of 1%of atmospheric CO_(2).The analysis revealed a significant decrease in the AMOC,associated with changes in mixed layer depth and buoyancy in high latitudes of the North Atlantic,resulting in the shutdown of deep convection and potentially affecting the formation of North Atlantic Deep Water and Antarctic Bottom Water.A vital aspect observed in this study is the association between increased runoff and reduced water evaporation,giving rise to a positive feedback ***,the rates of freshwater spreading have intensified during this period,which could lead to an accelerated disruption of the AMOC beyond the projections of existing models.

关键词： AMOC Meridional cell Climate change Deep circulation CESM2 results CMIP6

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