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Benoxacor is enantioselectively metabolized by microsomes and cytosol from the human liver

Emerging Contaminants 2023年第1期9卷 10-19页

作者： Derek Simonsen Jacob Heffelfinger David M.Cwiertny Hans-Joachim Lehmler Department of Occupational and Environmental Health The University of IowaIowa CityIA52242United States Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology The University of IowaIowa CityIA52242United States IIHR Hydroscience and Engineering The University of IowaIowa CityIA52242United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of IowaIowa CityIA52242United States Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination The University of IowaIowa CityIA52242United States

Benoxacor is a safener added to current-use herbicide formulations to protect the target crop from herbicidal *** is an emerging environmental contaminant that has been detected in surface waters,raising the possibility of human exposure via drinking *** it is not subject to the same regulations as active pesticide ingredients,its metabolism and toxicity in humans have not been *** we investigate the enantioselective metabolism of benoxacor in human subcellular *** human liver microsomes(pHLM)and cytosol(pHLC)were incubated with racemic benoxacor for up to *** chromatographic analyses were used to measure the enantioselective depletion of *** with and without nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH,co-factor for cytochrome P450 enzymes[CYPs])and pHLC with glutathione(GSH,co-factor for glutathione Stransferases[GSTs])metabolized *** results demonstrate that microsomal CYPs,microsomal carboxylesterase(CESs),and cytosolic GSTs metabolize *** were predicted to have a higher clearance of benoxacor by GSTs than *** and female pHLM incubations with NADPH showed enrichment of the first eluting benoxacor enantiomer(E1-benoxacor).pHLM incubations without NADPH and pHLC incubations with GSH showed an enrichment of the second eluting enantiomer of benoxacor(E2-benoxacor).Our results indicate that human hepatic microsomal and cytosolic enzymes enantioselectively metabolize benoxacor,a fact that needs to be considered when investigating human exposures and toxicities of benoxacor.

关键词： cor metabolism depletion

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Experimental Assessment of Stainless and Carbon Steel Double-Skin Tubular Stub Columns Filled with Recycled Aggregate Concrete

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ce/papers 2021年第2-4期4卷 764-771页

作者： Castanheira, Deborah S. de Lima, Luciano R. O. Vellasco, Pedro C. G. da S. Cashell, Katherine A. Gardner, Leroy PGECIV - Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Program UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College London London United Kingdom Structural Engineering Department UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Brunel University London United Kingdom

This paper presents an experimental study into the behaviour of concrete filled double skin tubular (CFDST) stub columns. A total of eight axial compression tests were carried out, half of which were filled with conventional concrete and the remainder had recycled aggregate concrete. The columns were circular in cross-section and comprised an austenitic stainless steel outer tube and a carbon steel inner tube, of varying dimensions. Accordingly, hollow ratios of 0.67 and 0.55 were considered. The recycled coarse aggregate was made by crushing test specimens from a previous research project. A replacement ratio of 50% was adopted in these tests. Both the natural coarse aggregates and the recycled aggregates had a maximum diameter of 9.5 mm. During the tests, similar structural behaviour and failure modes were observed between the columns with conventional and recycled aggregate concrete, and the faiure modes were identical. The experimental results are compared with available design procedures and it is ultimately shown that using recycled aggregate concrete rather than regular concrete in CFDST stub columns does not have a significant effect on the performance. © 2021 Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin.

关键词： Compression testing

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A new method for obtaining geoidal undulations through Artificial Neural Networks 7

A new method for obtaining geoidal undulations through Artif...

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7th International Symposium on Spatial Accuracy Assessment in Natural Resources and environmental Sciences, ACCURACY 2006

作者： Veronez, Maurício Roberto Thum, Adriane Brill De Souza, Genival Côrrea Graduate Program in Geology - Vale Do Rio Dos Sinos University Avenida Unisinos 950 São Leopoldo/RSCEP: 93022-000 Brazil Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering Feira de Santana State University Campus Universitário Br 116 - Km 03 Feira de Santana/BACEP:44031-460 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9728867271

The height supplied by the GPS system is merely mathematics. In most studies the height shall be referred to the Geoid. With a sufficient number of Level References with known horizontal and vertical coordinates it is almost always adjusted by polynomials of Least Squares Method that allow the interpolation of geoidal undulations. These polynomials are inefficient when extrapolating the data outside the study area. Thus the aim of this work is to present a new method for modeling the surface of Local Geoid based on the technique of Artificial Neural Networks. The study area is the Hydrological Basin of Rio dos Sinos which is located in Rio Grande do Sul State -Brazil and for the training of the neural network undulations data supplied by the MAPGEO2004 program was used. The program was developed by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) with an absolute error band bigger than 0.5 meter. Even with such a big error, the data supplied by MAPGEO2004 can be used in the training of a neural network, because it is tolerant to errors and noises. The efficiency of the model was tested in 8 points with known undulations and distributed throughout the study area. On these points the model has presented, through calculated discrepancies, a root mean square error of 0.170 meter, approximately. The study shows that this method can be an alternative in modeling local and/or regional Geoid.

关键词： Neural networks

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Design and delivery of a graduate-level project management course for experienced engineering professionals: Collaborative, applied learning for distributed teams

Design and delivery of a graduate-level project management c...

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2008 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Pferdehirt, Wayne Russell, Jeffrey Nelson, John Shenot, Amy University of Wisconsin Madison United States Graduate Distance Degree Programs College of Engineering Dept. of Engineering Professional Development Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Construction Engineering and Management Program University of Wisconsin Madison United States ASCE Committee on Academic Prerequisites for Professional Practice Engineering Professional Development University of Wisconsm Madison United States

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Towards advanced solutions for achieving sustainability goals in buildings: Lessons learned from case studies

Towards advanced solutions for achieving sustainability goal...

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2nd Annual International Conference Sustainable Design, engineering and Construction, ICSDEC 2012

作者： Halicioglu, Fahriye Hilal Arditi, David Gunhan, Suat Illinois Institute of Technology Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering Construction Engineering and Management Program 60616Post Doctoral Visiting Research Scholar Chicago IL 60616 United States University of Texas at San Antonio College of Architecture Construction Science and Management Program 501 W. Cesar Chavez Blvd. San Antonio TX 78207 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780784412688

Sustainable building projects deal with a multitude of technical, environmental, economic, social, organizational, and innovation-related issues, to name but a few. Achieving sustainability goals depends on how well these issues are handled. While some sustainable building projects are quite successful, some are not. It is therefore important to learn lessons from past projects. This research aims to reveal the key lessons concerning sustainability-related issues in building projects. To that end, challenges in the achievement of sustainability goals of building projects are discussed, and lessons learned systems are examined. After that, the events experienced by project managers in a large number of sustainable building projects are obtained from a major public agency's website and are analyzed. The findings show the key lessons that have an important impact on the success/failure of sustainable building projects. The expected contribution of the study is to foster advanced solutions for future sustainable projects. © 2013 American Society of civil Engineers.

关键词： Sustainable development

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Influence of seated spectators on the transverse modal properties of temporary grandstands 9

Influence of seated spectators on the transverse modal prope...

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9th International Conference on Structural Dynamics, EURODYN 2014

作者： De Jesus Carvalho Oliveira, Terezinha Brito, Valkisfran Lira Pimentel, Roberto Leal Post-graduate Research Programme in Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Paraíba Campus Universitário sn João Pessoa-PB58051-900 Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Paraíba Campus Universitário Sn João Pessoa-PB58051-900 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9789727521654

Studies have shown that the presence of people modify the dynamic behavior of structures due to the addition of mass to the structure and also due to the ability of the human body to absorb energy, acting on the structure as a dynamic system of the type mass-spring-damper and justifying their representation through biodynamic models. The effect that people cause on the structure becomes more pronounced when the mass of persons is significant in comparison to the mass of the structure, as in the case of temporary grandstands. These types of structures have the lowest stiffness in the transverse direction. Thus, this study aims to examine the effect that the presence of people causes on the dynamic response of a temporary grandstand in the transverse direction, focusing on changes of the natural frequencies. A prototype of a temporary grandstand was assembled in the laboratory, with a capacity of about one hundred people. Modal tests were performed, and a finite element (FE) model of the structure was developed using the software ANSYS. Experimental data and results of the FE model of the grandstand with 5, 8 and 12 people seated were correlated to calibrate a biodynamic model representing each spectator. Such a model was a single degree of freedom (SDOF) system, departing from a biodynamic model proposed in literature, which was adapted to the condition of people in grandstands. Investigations were then performed on the vibrating properties of the structure when it was gradually filled with models representing the spectators. The results show significant changes on the transverse natural frequency when compared to that of the empty structure, demonstrating the importance of considering the effect of people in temporary grandstands and its representation through biodynamic models.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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Assessment of Stainless Steel Tubular T-joints Under Chord Sidewall Failure Mode by a Semi-analytical Formulation

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ce/papers 2022年第4期5卷 574-583页

作者： Nogueira, Mateus M. de Lima, Luciano R. O. da S. Vellasco, Pedro C. G. Young, Ben PGECIV - Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Program UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Structural Engineering Department UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

There are numerous benefits of tubular profiles that make them increasingly used in civil engineering. At the same time, stainless steel is a material with excellent properties and high corrosion resistance. However, stainless steel's high initial material cost has limited its use primarily to specialist and prestige applications, which makes it necessary to develop more accurate design rules for this material. When tubular profiles are used, it is necessary to assess the joint strengths, considering that they can fail by different mechanisms. The present work aims to develop a semi-analytical formulation to predict stainless steel tubular T-joint resistances. Joints with the brace-to-chord width ratio equal to 1 were considered in this study;therefore, the failure occurs in the chord sidewall. To assess the sidewall instability critical load, the exact stress fields were determined using Mathieu's theory, and then the Ritz energy method was applied. Considering that the joints are made of stainless steel, the next step is to transform the load found from linear to the non-linear regime. For that, a new formulation based on Ramberg-Osgood equations was developed. Finally, the results obtained from the proposed method were compared with the experimental results obtained by Feng and Young (2008) and the results from the main current standards and literature. It was observed that the proposed method presented satisfactory results, while the predictions from design codes were, in general, very conservative. © 2022 Ernst & Sohn GmbH.

关键词： Failure (mechanical)

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Numerical assessment of stainless steel tubular T-joints subjected to brace and chord axial forces

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ce/papers 2021年第2-4期4卷 2495-2503页

The utilisation of tubular sections in steel structures has increased significantly worldwide. The use of stainless steel provides several benefits for structures, including high corrosion resistance, durability, fire resistance and ease of maintenance. A significant issue in the design of tubular structures is the joints failure since they are highly susceptible to local failures that influence their actual overall behavior. The design rules of welded carbon steel tubular joints are available, such as Eurocode 3, part 1-8, NBR 16239, ISO 14346 and CIDECT guides. When stainless steel tubular joints are considered, the AS/NZS 4673 Australian/New Zealand Standard is the only available specification that can be used. An experimental and numerical analysis of these tubular joints are recommended since they enable a more accurate evaluation of their structural performance. Concerning these aspects, this work aims to investigate stainless steel tubular T-joints fabricated by SHS and RHS cold-formed profiles that focused on the effect of chord pre-loading. For this purpose, a numerical study based on finite element analysis was performed. The finite element model was developed and calibrated against experiments. The results were subsequently compared with the aforementioned design predictions. © 2021 Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin.

关键词： Finite element method

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Influence of the Corrosion Degree of Hot-Dipped Galvanized Reinforcements on its Bond Strength to Concrete

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： da Fonsêca, Márcia Suzanna Dutra Abreu Borges Meira, Gibson Rocha The Civil and Environmental Engineering of Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil The Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil The Civil and Environmental Engineering Post-graduate Program of Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil

This work studies the behavior of hot-dipped galvanized steel against chloride corrosion and its effect on its bond strength to concrete. Two steel diameters were adopted and bond strength was assessed using a standardized pull-out test, followed by measuring different degrees of corrosion. The results show that the initial corrosion of hot-dipped galvanized steel, due to the high alkalinity of fresh concrete, does not affect the structural performance of reinforced concrete and that galvanized steel has superior bond strength to concrete than non-galvanized steel for small corrosion rates. However, it decreases as the corrosion degree significantly increases. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforced concrete

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FIELD TRAPPING OF SUBSURFACE VAPOR-PHASE PETROLEUM-HYDROCARBONS

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GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1994年第1期14卷 110-119页

作者： MOYER, EE OSTENDORF, DW KAMPBELL, DH XIE, YF Ellen E. Moyer (ENSR Consulting and Engineering 35 Nagog Park Acton MA 01720) is a senior environmental engineer at ENSR Consulting and Engineering in Acton Massachusetts. Her research interests include bioremediation air sparging soil venting and analytical modeling of subsurface contamination. Moyer is a registered Professional Engineer with an M.S. in environmental engineering and a Ph.D. in civil engineering from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst and a member of the National Ground Water Association and the American Society of Civil Engineers. David W. Ostendorf (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is an associate professor in the environmental engineering program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. His research interests include unconfined aquifer contamination hazardous waste site remediation and analytical modeling of problems in environmental fluid mechanics. Ostendorf is a registered Professional Engineer and a member of the American Geophysical Union American Society of Civil Engineers Soil Science Society of America Water Pollution Control Federation and Association of Environmental Engineering Professors as well as the National Ground Water Association. Don H. Kampbell (Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory Ada OK 74820) is a research chemist at the U.S. EPA Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory in Ada Oklahoma. His research interests include gas chromatog- raphy GC/mass spectrometry industrial waste processes soil bioreactor systems aquifer biorestoration and soil gas measurements. Kampbell is a certified Professional Soil Scientist and a registered Professional Engineer as well as a member of the Soil Science Society of America and the American Chemical Society. Yuefeng Xie (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is a postdoctoral research associate in the environmental engineering program of the Civil Engineering Depart

Soil gas samples from intact soil cores were collected on adsorbents at a field site, then thermally desorbed and analyzed by laboratory gas chromatography (GC). Vertical concentration profiles of predominant vapor phase petroleum hydrocarbons under ambient conditions were obtained for the zone directly above the capillary fringe. Water and residual phase weathered aviation gasoline were present in this region of the profile. The sampling, trapping, and GC methodology was effective in most respects. Reproducibility, trapping, and desorption efficiency were generally satisfactory, and different sorbent tubes gave similar results. A minor shortcoming of the method occurred with the most volatile compound, 2,3-dimethylbutane, which was poorly retained during several weeks of storage time and was also poorly desorbed. Vapor phase concentrations of predominant hydrocarbon compounds all increased with depth at one sampling location. At a more highly contaminated location, concentrations of highly volatile compounds increased with depth while concentrations of less volatile compounds remained constant or decreased, possibly indicating distillation effects. Scatter in the data was attributed to heterogeneities in water and residual phase distribution.

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