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The effect of granular palm shell activated carbon to reduce CO, HC, and noise on motorcycle Emissions

AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3074卷

作者： Maria Roosa Srah Darmanijati Pranoto Ari Handono Ramelan Inayati Doctoral Program of Environmental Science Department Post Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia Chemistry Department Mathematic and Natural Science FacultySebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Chemistry Engineering Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia

The use of motorcycles increased rapidly. Data from Yogyakarta Central Bureau Statistics showed from 2015 to 2019 the number of motorized vehicles increased by 8% every year. Motor vehicle air pollution comes from exhaust gases resulting from combustion. Becak Motorcycles are widely used in Yogyakarta and are usually used motorcycles with a long life. Hydrocarbons (HC) or unburned fuel and carbon monoxide (CO), were air-fuel control. This research was studied to determine the ability of palm shell activated charcoal to reduce CO, HC and noise. The 14 meshes sample diameter placed inside the tube from 24 meshes of stainless steels were prepared. The weight of activated charcoal of 10 grams, 20 grams and 30 grams were tried to reduce the In the exhaust of a 1984 Suzuki motorcycle with plate number AB 4194 CK, an exhaust extension was installed, then palm activated carbon was placed inside and the emission gases were measured. Stages 898 was used to test the emission. The smallest size could adsorb the largest emissions and noise. The weight of activated charcoal of 10 grams, 20 grams and 30 grams 14 meshes could reduce CO, HC and noise emission were 0.294 % to 0.616 %, 454 ppm to 798 ppm, -o.63 dB to 1.6 dB, respectively. The weight of activated charcoal of 10 grams, 20 grams and 30 grams 14 meshes saturated time were 270 seconds, 173 seconds and 299 seconds, respectively.

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The Effect of EPS Addition to Soil Stabilized with Fly Ash as Lightweight Fill Materials for Embankment Construction 1

The Effect of EPS Addition to Soil Stabilized with Fly Ash a...

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2018 1st Workshop on engineering, Education, Applied Sciences, and Technology, WEAST 2018

作者： Syahril Somantri, Andri Krisnandi Febriansya, Aditia Civil Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia Post-Graduate Stud. of Infrastructure Engineering Study Program Applied Master Program Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia

Design and construction of road embankment presents several challenges, including the possibility of bearing capacity failure, large total settlement, differential settlement, and slope instability, which may result from the weight of the embankment construction itself, and/or weak foundation. A number of techniques have been developed and can be used to overcome these problems, one of them is by modifying the weight of the embankment itself with the use of lightweight materials, such as soil-EPS mixture. The use of soil-EPS mixture as lightweight material provides several advantages, among which can achieve the same volume or elevation requirement with a significantly lighter weight compared to ordinary materials, improving slope stability, embankment over high compressibility soil, and to reduce soil pressure to soil retaining structures, abutment or bridge pillar. Fly ash also added to act as binder to increase shear strength of mixture. The result of the compaction test shows that the addition of a small amount of EPS to the mixture can significantly reduce the maximum dry density of the mixture. Triaxial UU and UCS test results show a reduction in mixture strength as EPS contents increase, but due to the presence of fly ash increases the strength of mixture as the number of day increases, so that the use of lightweight materials has the potential to be one of soil improvement solutions. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Mixtures

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An Experimental Study of Self-Compacting Concrete Made with Filler from Construction and Demolition Waste

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Open Journal of civil engineering 2020年第4期10卷 364-384页

作者： Mônica Batista Leite Marcela Crusoé Figueiredo Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate Program Department of Technology State University of Feira de Santana Feira de Santana Brazil UNIFACS Feira de Santana Brazil

This study evaluated the influence of the Portland cement replacement by 0, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) filler contents in the production of self-compacting concrete (SCC). The SCC mixtures were evaluated on fresh state by slump flow, J-ring, resistance of segregation, specific gravity, and on hardened state by compressive and splitting tensile strength, specific gravity, air voids and absorption rate. The results indicated that all SCC produced with CDW filler met the limits established at any level of substitution without changes of the w/c ratio or superplasticizer content. It was possible to verify that the presence of CDW filler, in substitution of cement, by volume, improves the resistance to segregation and up to 5% of CDW filler decreases the loss of fluidity with time as compared to reference. It was found that all SCC mixtures, at 28 days, had the average compressive strength above 50 MPa, without showing significant loss with up to 20% of CDW filler. For splitting tensile strength, SCC recycled mixtures reached up to 92.5% of the SCC used as referenc

关键词： Self-Compacting Concrete Construction and Demolition Waste Filler Mineral Admixtures Slump Flow

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Realistic river image synthesis using deep generative adversarial networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Gautam, Akshat Sit, Muhammed Demir, Ibrahim School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Columbia University Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Informatics University of Iowa Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Iowa

In this paper, we demonstrated a practical application of realistic river image generation using deep learning. Specifically, we explored a generative adversarial network (GAN) model capable of generating high-resolution and realistic river images that can be used to support modeling and analysis in surface water estimation, river meandering, wetland loss, and other hydrological research studies. First, we have created an extensive repository of overhead river images to be used in training. Second, we incorporated the Progressive Growing GAN (PGGAN), a network architecture that iteratively trains smaller-resolution GANs to gradually build up to a very high resolution to generate high quality (i.e., 1024x1024) synthetic river imagery. With simpler GAN architectures, difficulties arose in terms of exponential increase of training time and vanishing/exploding gradient issues, which the PGGAN implementation seemed to significantly reduce. The results presented in this study show great promise in generating high-quality images and capturing the details of river structure and flow to support hydrological research, which often requires extensive imagery for model performance. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rivers

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Relative humidity levels associated with increases in microbial growth and MVOC emissions in carpet and drywall 16

Relative humidity levels associated with increases in microb...

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16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020

作者： Haines, Sarah R. Hall, Emma C. Misztal, Pawel K. Goldstein, Allen H. Adams, Rachel I. Dannemiller, Karen C. Environmental Sciences Graduate Program Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering College of Engineering Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Division of Environmental Health Sciences College of Public Health Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States

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Relative humidity level influences the morphology of fungal growth in carpet 16

Relative humidity level influences the morphology of fungal ...

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16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020

作者： Nastasi, Nicholas Haines, Sarah Xu, Lingyi da Silva, Hadler Divjan, Adnan Rappleye, Chad A. Perzanowski, Matthew S. Dannemiller, Karen C. Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Environmental Health Sciences College of Public Health Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Environmental Science Graduate Program Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California BerkeleyCA United States Department of Environmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University New YorkNY United States Department of Microbiology College of Arts and Sciences Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States

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Corrigendum to “Development of machine learning methods to predict the compressive strength of fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete and sensitivity analysis” [Constr. Build. Mater. 367 (2023) 130339]

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Construction and Building Materials 2023年 401卷

作者： Hai-Van Thi Mai May Huu Nguyen Hai-Bang Ly University of Transport Technology Hanoi 100000 Viet Nam Civil and Environmental Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan

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Enhancing energy sustainability of building projects through nature-based solutions: A fuzzy-based decision support system

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Nature-Based Solutions 2024年 5卷

作者： Bressane, Adriano Fengler, Felipe Hashimoto Medeiros, Liliam César de Castro Urban, Rodrigo Custodio Negri, Rogério Galante São Paulo State University Presidente Dutra Highway Km 1378 São José dos Campos - SP 12247-004 CEP Brazil Facens University Center Senador José Ermírio de Moraes Highway 1425 Sorocaba - SP 18085-784 CEP Brazil Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering São Paulo State University Eng. Luís Coube Avenue 2085 Bauru - SP 17033-360 CEP Brazil

Statement of the Problem. Lack of an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven approach to optimize the application of nature-based solutions (NbS) for enhancing energy sustainability in building projects. This gap can result in suboptimal decision-making processes. Purpose. This study aims at introducing a decision support system (DSS) framework that fuses NbS with the power of fuzzy – based AI. The proposal seeks to support decision-makers and empower them with the capabilities of AI. Method. Through a systematic literature review, the aim was to first capture models’ input variables for the development of a DSS framework using fuzzy logic. Conclusions. Our findings underscore the significance of an integrated approach in energy-efficient building projects. The integration of NbS with fuzzy-based AI showcases substantial promise in augmenting decision-making processes, promoting optimized designs that align with both environmental and technological objectives. Practical implications. The proposed DSS framework can lead to improved building project outcomes, reduced environmental footprints, and more resilient infrastructure regarding energy consumption. Future Research Directions: further research endeavors should delve deeper into the practical implementation of the DSS framework across diverse engineering projects. Exploring variations of fuzzy-AI could further enhance the decision support system. Additionally, investigating the potential barriers and challenges in adopting this approach will be crucial in ensuring its widespread adoption. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Decision support framework Fuzzy intelligence Green building Sustainable engineering

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Application of Emerging Innovations in Microbiome Science to Space Development and Settlement Systems 73

Application of Emerging Innovations in Microbiome Science to...

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73rd International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2022

作者： Nastasi, Nicholas Anderson, Matthew Z. Balasubrahmaniam, Neeraja Bope, Ashleigh Britt, Rodney D. Cochran, Samuel J. Gill, Samuel J. Hegarty, Bridget Lee, Jiyoung Stamps, Blake W. Stickney, Amanda Taylor, Christopher G. Tram, Nguyen K. Van Dusen, John Varaljay, Vanessa A. Weir, Mark H. Horack, John M. Oglesbee, Michael Sullivan, Matthew B. Dannemiller, Karen C. Department of Civil Environmental & Geodetic Engineering Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Division of Environmental Health Sciences College of Public Health Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Environmental Sciences Graduate Program Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Microbiology College of Arts and Sciences Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Center for Perinatal Research The Abigail Wexner Research Institute Nationwide Children's Hospital Department of Pediatrics Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Case School of Engineering Case Western Reserve University ClevelandOH United States Department of Food Science and Technology Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Infectious Diseases Institute Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Soft Matter Materials Branch Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Wright - Patterson AFBOH United States Department of Plant Pathology College of Food Agriculture and Environmental Science Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine Nationwide Children's Hospital ColumbusOH United States Airman Systems Directorate 711th Human Performance Wing Air Force Research Laboratory WPAFBOH United States Sustainability Institute Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering John Glenn College of Public Affairs Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Veterinary Biosciences College of Veterinary Medicine Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Center of Microbiome Science Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States

Future human spaceflight beyond low-Earth orbit will bring substantial changes and new requirements to the development of fully sustainable, healthy indoor human environments across a range of gravitational, radiative, and thermal conditions. One key aspect is understanding (and potentially leveraging) microorganisms that must coexist with humans, plants, and animals in enclosed habitats (their microbiota or microbiomes). Modern, genome-resolved microbiome science provides an opportunity to better understand how we can utilize microbes to optimize space missions and protect human health and well-being long-term. Microorganisms will be critical to mission success due to their direct or indirect interactions with 1) humans, 2) other living systems (e.g., plant and animal life as a food source and for experimentation), and 3) the built environment. For example, the human gut microbiome is a complex community that has important implications for human health and performance that include mental health, nutrition intake, and immune system function. The health of plant microbiomes is also critical for sustainable, dependable, and nutritious food production. Humans, plants, and other living systems (e.g., animals used in experimentation) will also shed microbes into the built environment, which may impact human exposure, plant health, system integrity, and planetary protection from microbial contamination in both forward and reverse directions. Microbes from all three systems will interact, resulting in potentially important 'non-linear' system implications that must be understood for the overall long-term sustainability of hardware, crew, and other living systems. This paper discusses recent advances in technology that expand measurement capabilities to ultra-low-biomass samples and now allow for better understanding of microbial taxa, community structure and drivers, and functional capacity, which together will empower microbiome-optimized deep-space human exploration miss

关键词： Bacteria

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Three-Dimensional Trampolinelike Behavior in an Ultralight Elastic Metamaterial

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Physical Review Applied 2021年第2期16卷 024015-024015页

作者： Nikhil JRK Gerard Mourad Oudich Zhenpeng Xu Desheng Yao Huachen Cui Christina J. Naify Alec Ikei Charles A. Rohde Xiaoyu (Rayne) Zheng Yun Jing Graduate Program in Acoustics The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695 USA Institut Jean Lamour Université de Lorraine CNRS Nancy 54000 France Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California Los Angeles California 90095 USA U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Code 21760 Washington 20375 USA

Elastic metamaterials possess band gaps, or frequency ranges that are forbidden to wave propagation. Existing solutions for impeding three-dimensional (3D) wave propagation largely rest on high-volume fractions of mass inclusions that induce and tailor negative effective density-based local resonances. This study introduces a class of elastic metamaterials that achieve low-frequency band gaps with a volume fraction as low as 3% (mass density as low as 0.034g/cm3). The working of the proposed design hinges on a 3D trampolinelike mode behavior that gives rise to wide, omnidirectional, and low-frequency band gaps for elastic waves despite very low-mass densities. Such a 3D trampoline effect is derived from a network of overhanging nodal microarchitectures that act as locally resonating elements, which give rise to band gaps at low frequencies. The dynamic effective properties of the metamaterial are numerically examined, which reveal that the band gap associated with the trampoline effect is resulted from a negative effective modulus coupled with a near-zero yet positive effective density. The experimental characterization is then made possible by fabricating the metamaterial via a light-based printing system that is capable of realizing microarchitectures with overhanging microfeatures. This design strategy could be useful to applications where simultaneous light weight and vibration control is desired.

关键词： Acoustics Band gap Classical mechanics Elastic modulus Microstructure Acoustic metamaterials

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