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International Conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems, CISIS

作者： M. Tachini D.L. Severo A. Cordero M.R. Momo H.S. Silva Post Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering - PPGEA PROPEP / FURB CEOPS DFIS / CCEN / FURB CEOPS DFIS /CCEN / FURB CEOPS DEC/CCT/FURB

Floods are among the main types of phenomena associated with socio-economic and environmental damage. Although it occurs public investment and advances in hydro meteorological monitoring and warning systems, the damage is recurring because there are high risks involved. This shows the vulnerability of the city against floods and at the same time, the skills of those affected in live with the risks, while not having conditions Ark them. This study examines the damage related to the historical events of 1983, 1984, 1992 and 2001 in the city of Blumenau (SC), located in southern Brazil. Initially, two approaches have been developed for this evaluation. The first approach was statistically resulting from the application of 387 questionnaires in interviews with residents and merchants of flood areas, and the second approach was economic damage. The results of the two approaches were used in the composition of an evaluation model of tangible damage associated with floods and floods in the city of Blumenau, called MAVEN. The results calculated by the model were considered good, although it presents results with significant discrepancies when applied to extreme hydrometeoro logical events such as the environmental disaster of November 2008, characterized as a result of landslides in large proportion due to the large volume of rainfall without above. One of the results of the model was the need to characterize in detail the input data, since the spatial and temporal peculiarities tend to prevent optimal performance of the MAVIN model. The main conclusion was that the standardization of an evaluation model of damage points (type of MAVIN) can provide greater certainty in determining public policy to minimize future damage and provide good benefits to actuarial calculations for resizing purposes of disaster risks addressed to Insurance Companies.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Software

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Structural performance of stainless lap bolted joints

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ce/papers 2017年第2-3期1卷 3593-3602页

作者： Freire, Raphael da Silva Vellasco, Pedro Colmar Gonçalves da Silva, André Tenchini de Lima, Luciano Rodrigues Ornelas PGECIV – Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Program State of Rio de Janeiro – UERJ Brazil Structural Engineering Department State University of Rio de Janeiro – UERJ Brazil

The stainless steel employed in the structural elements present high corrosion resistance, durability, fire resistance and high aesthetic value compared to those constructed using carbon steel. In contrast, the stainless steel structures design is made following the requirements based on the carbon steel analogies. In fact, the structural performance of stainless steel is complex and dissimilar where some stainless grades presenting nonlinear tension versus strain curves without a defined yield plateau and large strain hardening. These properties influence on structural performance of the lap bolted joints. The Eurocode 3 pt. 1.4, one of the most adopted design codes, recommends two structural design criteria for the stainless steel elements under tension: ultimate resistance of the net cross-section at holes or plastic resistance of the gross cross-section. The present work aimed to investigate the structural response of lap bolted joints made of three stainless steel grades: austenitic, ferritic and duplex. Nonlinear numerical analyses has been carried out using ABAQUS 6.14 program where the response have shown a good agreement in terms of the maximum loads and failure modes when compared to the performed experiments. The results indicated a conservative level of safety from Eurocode 3 pt. 1.4 code provisions in comparison to the experimental results. © 2017 Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin.

关键词： Finite element method

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Microplastics in wastewater and sludge from centralized and decentralized wastewater treatment plants: Effects of treatment systems and microplastic characteristics

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Chemosphere 2024年 361卷 142536页

作者： Maw, Me Me Boontanon, Narin Aung, Humm Kham Zan Zan Jindal, Ranjna Fujii, Shigeo Visvanathan, Chettiyappan Boontanon, Suwanna Kitpati Graduate Program in Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom73710 Thailand Research Center and Technology Development for Environmental Innovation Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom73710 Thailand Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Kyoto University Kyoto606-8501 Japan

Domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play a vital role in limiting the release of microplastics (MP) into the environment. This study examined MP removal efficiency from five centralized and four decentralized domestic WWTPs in Bangkok, Thailand. MP concentrations in wastewater and sludge were comparable between centralized and decentralized WWTPs, despite these decentralized WWTPs serving smaller populations and having limited treatment capacity. The elimination of MPs ranged from 50 to 96.8% in centralized WWTPs and 14.2–53.6% in decentralized WWTPs. It is noted that the retained MPs concentrations in sludge ranged from 20,000 to 228,100 MP/kg dry weight. The prevalence of synthetic fibers and fragments could be attributed to their pathways from laundry or car tires, and the accidental release of a variety of plastic wastes ended up in investigated domestic WWTPs. Removal of MPs between the centralized and decentralized WWTPs was influenced by several impact factors including initial MP concentrations, longer retention times, MP fragmentation, and variations of MP concentrations in sludge leading to different activated sludge process configurations. Sewage sludge has become a primary location for the accumulation of incoming microplastics in WWTPs. The MPs entering and leaving each unit process were varied due to the unique characteristics of MPs, and their different treatment efficiencies. While the extended hydraulic retention period in decentralized WWTPs decreased the MP removal efficacy, the centralized WWTP with the two-stage activated sludge process achieved the highest MP removal efficiency. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Microplastic

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Projection of climate change effects on flood inundation in the Gin River basin, Sri Lanka 9

Projection of climate change effects on flood inundation in ...

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9th International Conference on Flood Management, ICFM 2023

作者： Jayapadma, Jayapadma Mudalige Miyuru Uthpala Souma, Kazuyoshi Ishidaira, Hiroshi Magome, Jun Wickramaarachchi, Thushara Navodani Special Educational Program on River Basin Environmental Science Integrated Graduate School of Medicine Engineering and Agricultural Sciences University of Yamanashi 4-3-11 Takeda Yamanashi Kofu400-8511 Japan Interdisciplinary Centre for River Basin Environment University of Yamanashi 4-3-11 Takeda Yamanashi Kofu400-8511 Japan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Ruhuna Galle Hapugala Sri Lanka

Human-induced climate change has altered the frequency and severity of heavy precipitation, droughts, and floods worldwide. Sri Lanka, a developing country in the Indian Ocean, has suffered frequent floods, affecting over 64 % of the population in the past decade. The Gin River, the primary drinking water source of the densely populated Galle district with over 1 million residents, faces recurrent flood disasters. Therefore, this study employed a multi-model ensemble to simultaneously simulate the impact of climate change on both river flow and inundation extent in the frequently flooded Gin River basin located in humid tropical monsoon region. Bias-corrected climate projections of an ensemble of five General Circulation Models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 emission scenario were used to project future river flow and flood inundation in the Gin River basin, Sri Lanka. The validated Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation (RRI) model projected a 5 % increase in high flows (flows exceeding a 5 % probability of exceedance ( Copyright © 2024 Jayapadma Mudalige Miyuru Uthpala Jayapadma et al.

关键词： Floods

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Finite Element Modelling of Steel Beams with Web Openings

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engineering（科研） 2014年第13期6卷 886-913页

作者： Flavio Rodrigues Pedro C. G. da S. Vellasco Luciano R. O. de Lima Sebastiã o A. L. de Andrade PGECIV—Post Graduate Program in Civil Engineering UERJ—State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Structural Engineering Department UERJ—State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Height limitations are not uncommon in multi-storey buildings due to economic requirements and esthetical considerations. Substantial spaces are normally required to enable the passage of large pipes and ducts beneath steel beams leading to uneconomic floor heights. The most adopted solution for this issue is the use of steel beam web openings to provide the required space for services. These openings could lead to a significant decrease of the beam load carrying capacity depending on the adopted openings shape, size and location. These aspects motivated the present study based on FE simulations calibrated against numerical and test results. The results accuracy enabled a comprehensive parametric analysis of beams with web openings to be made focused on the profile size, web opening location, among others. The study also investigated the efficiency of longitudinal stiffeners welded at the opening region and benefits of using an adequate edge concordance radius in beams with rectangular and square openings. The obtained results showed the need of using welded longitudinal stiffeners in order to increase the beams ultimate load carrying capacity. This adoption can double or even triple the ultimate load of beams with rectangular and square opening heights equal to 0.75 H, respectively.

关键词： Non-Linear Analysis Steel Structures Web Openings Steel Design and Behavior Finite Element Method

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Absorption and fixation of vegetable tannins by collagen 33

Absorption and fixation of vegetable tannins by collagen

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33rd International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists, IULTCS Congress 2015

作者： Spier, Franciela Fuck, Wagner F. Jacinto, Manuel Antonio Chagas Gutterres, Mariliz Laboratory ForLeather and Environmental Studies Chemical Engineering Post-Graduate Program Federal University of Rio Grande Do sul Av. Luiz Englert s/n Porto-Alegre-RS Brazil Leather Laboratory of the Embrapa Livestock Southeast Rodovia Washington Luiz Sao Carlos SPCEP 13.569-706 Brazil

In the process of transforming animal hide into leather, the hide, which is susceptible to putrefaction, is stabilized. The growing interest in clean technologies and environmental requirements led tanners to increase their efforts to develop chrome-free tanning agents. Among the various tanning options, vegetable tanning is a traditional and recognizable method and, associated with some physicochemical properties, it provides the leather with unique characteristics, retaining the natural flaws and markings. As an organic biodegradable material, it is also environmentally friendly. The vegetable tannins are complex mixtures with tanning action provided by their concentration of phenolic substances that react with collagen materials. This study aimed to investigate the ability of hide's collagen substrate to absorb and fix vegetable tannin of acacia mearnsii at different pH, through the use of especial analytical and experimental methods. In substrates such as collagen powder, bovine hide powder, and bovine hides, was examined the influence of the pH and tannins offers on the absorption and fixation of acacia vegetable tannin. The absorbed tannin content was determined by UV-visible spectroscopy and by the difference of solids contents in the suspension before and after tanning. The analyses of zeta potential allowed for the elucidation of conditions of the tanning process.

关键词： Tannins

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Glutaraldehyde removal from flowback and produced waters using photolysis 89

Glutaraldehyde removal from flowback and produced waters usi...

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89th Annual Water Environment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference, WEFTEC 2016

作者： Hong, Soklida Ratpukdi, Thunyalux Sivaguru, Jayaraman Khan, Eakalak Environmental and Conservation Sciences Program North Dakota State University FargoND58108 United States International Postgraduate Programs in Environmental Management Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Department of Environmental Engineering Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen40002 Thailand Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry North Dakota State University FargoND58108 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University FargoND58108 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510870475

Glutaraldehyde (GA) has been used extensively as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing fluids leading to the contamination of the compound in flowback and produced waters. Photolysis of GA in water was performed under UV irradiation using monochromatic lamps with a wavelength of 254 nm. The results indicated that photolysis of GA followed pseudo-first order kinetics. GA can be photolyzed by UV at all studied conditions;however, the degradation rates of GA were different at different light intensities, pHs, initial GA concentrations and salt concentrations. The degradation rate of GA increased with increasing incident light intensity and decreasing pH. Increasing in initial GA concentration resulted in decreasing rate of GA. At lower salt concentrations, notable retardation of GA degradation rate was observed. Quenching experiments were also conducted to further explore the mechanisms of GA photolysis. Higher molecular weight compounds were identified as the main photolytic byproducts. Copyright ©2016 Water Environment Federation.

关键词： Hydraulic fracturing

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Design and Construction of Smart Cities 1

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丛书名： Sustainable civil Infrastructures

1000年

作者： Ibrahim El Dimeery Moustafa Baraka Mona B. Anwar Mahmoud El Khafif Nagy Hanna Syed M. Ahmed Amin Akhnoukh Amr T. Abdel Hamid

ISBN: (数字)9783030642174

ISBN: (纸本)9783030642167

This book focuses on how to maintain environmental sustainability as one of its main principles, and it addresses how smart cities serve to diminish wastes and maintain natural resources by having clean green energy that is operated by new smart technology designs. Living in a smart city is not something of the future anymore, it is here, and it is being implemented all over the world. A smart city uses different types of electronic Internet of things (IoT) sensors to collect data and then use these data to manage assets and resources efficiently. The smart city concept integrates information and communication technology (ICT), and various physical devices connected to the IoT network to optimize the efficiency of city operations and services and achieve sustainable solutions to allow us to grow with proper management of our resources.;Smart sustainable structures and infrastructures face the need of urban areas due to the growth of populations while in the same timesave our environment. To achieve this, we need to revisit the conventional methods in design and construction and the conventional materials which are used now to optimize the design and provide smart solutions. In the past few years, the consumption of resources has been massive, and the waste produced from that consumption has been inconceivable. This is causing environmental degradation, which produces many environmental challenges, such as global climate change, excessive fossil fuel dependency and the growing demand for energy.;As well as, discussing the challenges facing the civil engineering design and construction of smart cities components and presenting concepts and insight from experts and researchers from different civil engineering disciplines., this book explains how to construct buildings and special structures and how to manage and monitor energy.

关键词： Earth Sciences, general Geotechnical engineering & Applied Earth Sciences

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Glutaraldehyde removal from produced waters using visible light driven photocatalysis

Glutaraldehyde removal from produced waters using visible li...

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Water Environment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference 2017, WEFTEC 2017

ISBN: (纸本)9781510863682

Glutaraldehyde (GA) is the most common biocide used in unconventional oil and gas production. Photocatalysis of GA in brine simulating oil and gas produced water using Ag/AgCl/BiOCl was investigated. Ag/AgCl/BiOCl photocatalyst was synthesized using flower-like BiOCl. Light bulbs emitting visible light at 419 nm were used for the photocatalysis. Removal of GA at 0.1 mM in 200 g/L NaCl solution at pH 7 was 90% after 75 min irradiation using 5 g/L of the photocatalyst. However, at pH 5 or at 300 g/L NaCl, the photocatalytic removal of GA was almost completely inhibited. The GA removal followed pseudo-first order reaction with a rate constant of 0.0303 min-1. The removal rate of GA markedly increased with the increasing pH (5-9), photocatalyst loading (2-8 g/L) and under 350 nm UV (compared to visible light). On the contrary, the removal rate of GA markedly decreased with increasing NaCl and initial GA concentrations (0-300 g/L for NaCl and 0.1-0.4 mM for GA). The removal of GA under natural sunlight was slightly better than that under 419 nm. A quenching experiment was also conducted;holes and superoxide were found as the main reactive species responsible for the removal of GA while ∗OH had a very limited effect. Copyright © 2017 Water Environment Federation.

关键词： Rate constants

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Analysis and Improvement of altimetric quality of Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data, SRTM-3

Analysis and Improvement of altimetric quality of Shuttle Ra...

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33rd International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, ISRSE 2009

作者： Souza, J.M. Nogueira, E. Santa Catarina State Institution for Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Information Centre for Environmental Resources and Hydrometeorology - Epagri Ciram 88034-901 Florianólis Santa-Catarina Brazil Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC Civil Engineering Department Post-Graduation Program - PPGEC 88040-900 Florianólis Santa-Catarina Brazil

The quality control of a cartographic product is a highly relevant step in which, for each application there is a tolerance. In this account, this research is intended to perform the quality control of Shuttle Radar Topography Mission - SRTM-3's Digital Elevation Model - DEM, for the Municipal District of São José, Santa Catarina, Brazil, comparing the results obtained between the original DEM from SRTM-3 with the same georeferenced DEM to the local cartographic base in a 1:2000 scale, of São José municipal district. The results revealed that the original SRTM data complies with 1:250000 Class A scale, and that after georeferencing to the local cartographic base, it started to show geometric requirements regarding 1:50000 Class B scale.

关键词： Quality control

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