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15th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2018

作者： Haines, Sarah Dannemiller, Karen C. Environmental Science Graduate Program Ohio State University United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering College of Engineering Ohio State University United States Department of Environmental Health Sciences College of Public Health Ohio State University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713826514

Microbial growth may occur in carpet dust when exposed to elevated moisture levels, but it is unknown how diurnal variations in equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) affect this growth. Our goal is to apply the "time-of-wetness" (TOW) concept from fungal growth on drywall to model fungal growth in carpet. Used carpet samples were embedded with dust, placed in an experimental chamber and then the ERH within the chambers was varied from 50% to either 85% or 100% for a period of 0, 6, 12, 18, or 24 hours per day over a two-week period. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) measurements of fungi revealed that for the 85% and 100% samples, growth could be modeled with the standard TOW and activation limited growth curve. These measurements demonstrated that the relative growth rate fit the TOW model with the Pearson Correlation Coefficients of 0.958 for 100% TOW and 0.898 for 85% TOW. DNA sequencing revealed increased abundance of species in the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium, among others, at increased moisture. Ultimately, this data can be used to accurately model fungal growth in housing based on moisture and can be utilized in future public health, policy, and epidemiological models. © 2018 15th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2018. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fungi

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Teaching the concept of adaptive thermal comfort in building design education

Teaching the concept of adaptive thermal comfort in building...

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16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020

作者： Teli, Despoina Hellwig, Runa T. Schweiker, Marcel Choi, Joon-Ho Lee, M.C. Jeffrey Mora, Rodrigo Rawal, Rajan Wang, Zhaojun Al-Atrash, Farah Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chalmers University Sweden Department of Architecture Design and Media Technology Aalborg University Denmark Institute for Occupational Social and Environmental Medicine RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Building Science School of Architecture University of Southern California United States Department of Interior Design National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taiwan Building Science Graduate Program British Columbia Institute of Technology Canada Centre for Advanced Research in Building Science and Energy CEPT University India School of Architecture Harbin Institute of Technology China School of Architecture and Built Environment German Jordanian University Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9781713823605

Traditional building design education in the disciplines of building services, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, etc. focusses on quantifiable factors, i.e. factors which can be subject of calculation, simulation and dimensioning. Since non-quantifiable factors are not part of calculation or simulation models, there is a tendency that they are not adequately considered in education and, as a result, in building planning and operation. In the case of human thermal comfort, building professionals are required to understand the mechanisms and impact of non-quantifiable factors related to human thermal comfort and health, most of which are part of the adaptive thermal comfort concept. This paper identifies the challenges in teaching the concept of adaptive thermal comfort through a collection of lived experiences of the authors. The paper then proposes appropriate intended learning outcomes and teaching methods to equip students with the background knowledge, understanding and skills required to consider human adaptation in their designs. © 2020 16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Corrigendum to “Experimental and numerical investigation of SHS truss T-joints reinforced with sidewall plates” [Thin-Walled Struct. 145 (2019) 1–16]

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Thin-Walled Structures 2020年 146卷

作者： N.V. Gomes L.R.O. de Lima P.C.G. da S Vellasco A.T. da Silva M.C. Rodrigues L.F. Costa-Neves Structural Engineering Department UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil PGECIV - Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Program UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil INESCC Civil Engineering Department - University of Coimbra Portugal

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The competency component needed by the Project Manager in managing the Road Project in West Sumatera, Indonesia

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and environmental Science 2020年第1期498卷

作者： Edrizal Mairizal Alzahri Muhd Zaimi Abd Majid School of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor MY Post Graduate of Civil Engineering Universitas Bung Hatta 25133 Padang West Sumatera INA Program of Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Pamulang 15417 Banten INA

Road construction and upgrading projects are currently being intensively implemented in West Sumatra, and this is very important in increasing the competitiveness of the Indonesian economy. During the construction period, it will give a positive impression to be able to reduce transportation costs, use value and labour productivity. In this case, a project manager will play an important role in the success of the project. There are some opinions that a project manager will determine the likelihood of a project success, even though their projects often facing big problems. In this paper, the focus is on determining the competency component of the Road Project Manager in West Sumatra in implementing the Project Management concept that leads to project success. Based on this and in accordance with this study, the approach used in data collection and processing is a qualitative. The results of the factor analysis are shown to the experts, to establish that all of these factors are important in developing the success of the project managed by the Project Manager. The results of the factor analysis obtained 65 combined factors what has been validated by experts. In conclusion, all these factors are important in determining the performance of a Project Manager in West Sumatra.

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Structural assessment of composite seam-welded rectangular hollow columns

Structural assessment of composite seam-welded rectangular h...

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作者： Castanheira, Deborah Souza De Lima, Luciano Rodrigues Ornelas Da Silva Vellasco, Pedro Colmar Gončalves Da Nóbrega Tavares, Maria Elizabeth PGECIV Civil Engineering Post Graduate Program UERJ State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Structural Engineering Department UERJ State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Structural elements made of seam-welded hollow sections are considerably less expensive than their seamless equivalents. This is a strong incentive for their use, but the current steel design standards still contain recommendations for seam-welded hollow sections based on test results performed with sections produced using outdated steel grades and fabrication processes. These design procedures are even more conservative when applied to composite tubular seam-welded elements. This paper presents an experimental campaign performed to investigate the structural behaviour of steel- and concrete-filled composite columns made with seam-welded rectangular hollow profiles. The experiments involved columns with only steel sections, concrete-filled and concrete-filled plus additional reinforcing bars. The main aim of the tests was to identify the contribution of each component in the overall structural response. The results enable an evaluation of the design recommendations present in Eurocode 4 aiming to determine less conservative buckling curves to be used for the investigated composite columns made of seam-welded rectangular hollow sections.

关键词： Reinforced concrete

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Soil erosion and lateral carbon fluxes from corn stover-derived biofuel

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Scientific reports 2025年第1期15卷 18315页

作者： Xuesong Zhang Stephen D LeDuc Seungdo Kim Bruce E Dale Kaiguang Zhao Yuyu Zhou Gregory W McCarty Glenn E Moglen USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory Beltsville MD 20705-2350 USA. xuesong.zhang@usda.gov. Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 109 TW Alexander Dr. Research Triangle Park NC 27711 USA. Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA. Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Michigan State University 3815 Technology Boulevard Lansing MI 48910 USA. Environmental Science Graduate Program School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA. Department of Geography and Institute for Climate and Carbon Neutrality The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China. USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory Beltsville MD 20705-2350 USA. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA.

Crop residues hold promise to alleviate food vs. fuel competition and contribute to biofuel production. However, the impacts of lateral sediment and carbon fluxes caused by residue removal are not fully understood. Here we employ agroecosystem modeling to conservatively estimate lateral sediment and carbon fluxes resulting from partial corn stover removal in the U.S. Midwest. Results show substantial increases in soil erosion resulting from corn stover removal. For example, the area of continuous corn and corn soybean cropping systems exceeding soil erosion tolerance threshold could increase from 1.1 to 13.3% because of 66% corn stover removal. Depending on removal intensity, conservation, and crop rotation, the stover removal-induced increases in eroded soil organic carbon is equivalent to 3.9-12.5 gCOe MJ, which is comparable to other components of the life cycle impacts of corn stover-derived biofuel. Our findings highlight the need to consider the soil erosion and lateral carbon fluxes impacts of corn stover removal in designing supply chains for cellulosic biofuel production.

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Evaluation of phase formation and physical-mechanical properties of Portland cements produced with civil construction waste

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CEMENT 2021年 5卷

作者： F.N. Costa D.V. Ribeiro Post-Graduate Program in Civil Engineering (PPEC)/Federal University of Bahia Rua Aristides Novis 02. Federação Salvador BA 40210-630 Brazil Department of Materials Science and Technology Federal University of Bahia Rua Aristides Novis 02. Federação Salvador BA 40210-630 Brazil

Cement is the most widely used building material worldwide. Its production demands a large amount of natural resources, in addition to high energy consumption. Thus, the cement industry has been looking for solutions that effectively reduce the use of these resources as well as greenhouse gas emissions. This research aims to show the technical feasibility of incorporating civil construction waste (CCW) in the production of Portland cement. To this purpose, the physicochemical characterization of the raw materials used was carried out, dosage and manufacture of the raw mix, which were calcined at 1450 °C. Clinkers were characterized mineralogically, by means of XRD, to verify the formation of the crystalline phases. Subsequently, the clinkers were ground, resulting in Portland cements, and their physical-mechanical properties were evaluated. The results showed the potential of using CCW as an alternative raw material, since experimental cements presented performance similar to industrial cements used as a reference.

关键词： civil construction waste (CCW Reuse Environment Cement Compressive strength

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Effects of TiO 2 waste on the formation of clinker phases and mechanical performance and hydration of Portand cement

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CEMENT 2022年 9卷

作者： José S. Andrade Neto Bruna B. Mariani Nilson S. Amorim Júnior Daniel V. Ribeiro Laboratory of Testing on Materials Durability (LEDMa) / Federal University of Bahia Rua Aristides Novis 02. Federação. 40210-630. Salvador/BA Brazil Post-Graduate Program in Civil Engineering (PPEC) / Federal University of Bahia Aristides Novis 02. Federação. 40210-630. Salvador/BA Brazil Department of Materials Science and Technology / Federal University of Bahia Aristides Novis 02. Federação. 40210-630. Salvador/BA Brazil

The incorporation of different levels of UOW into Portland clinker raw meals and its effects on the clinker and cement properties were evaluated. Clinkers were produced and characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and optical microscopy; the cements were produced and physically characterized. Finally, pastes were produced and analyzed using isothermal calorimetry, thermogravimetry, XRD, and compressive strength tests. UOW, when added up to 1.29% in Portland clinker raw meal, acts as a mineralizer, increasing the content of alite by 6.44%. The incorporation of UOW reduces the hydration rate in the first days owing to the increase in the size of the alite crystals and delays the point of sulfate depletion due to the increase in the SO 3 content of the clinkers. Owing to the higher content of alite formed, the cement produced from the raw meal with 1.29% of UOW presents the highest early mechanical strength (up to 7 days).

关键词： Portland clinker Unreacted ore waste (UOW) Mineralizer Hydration

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Organic composts as A vehicle for the entry of microplastics into the environment: A comprehensive review

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The Science of the total environment 2023年 892卷 164758页

作者： Van-Re Le Minh-Ky Nguyen Hoang-Lam Nguyen Chitsan Lin Md Refat Jahan Rakib Van-Anh Thai Van-Giang Le Guilherme Malafaia Abubakr M Idris Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI) 140 Le Trong Tan Street Tan Phu District Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam. Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Nong Lam University of Ho Chi Minh City Hamlet 6 Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan. Electronic address: nmky@hcmuaf.edu.vn. Department of Civil Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada. Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan. Department of Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali 3814 Bangladesh. Electronic address: rifatjahanrakib@***. Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung City 81157 Taiwan. Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Vietnam National University Hanoi 111000 Viet Nam. Post-Graduation Program in Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia MG Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity Federal University of Goiás Goiânia GO Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources Goiano Federal Institute Urutaí GO Brazil. Electronic address: guilhermeifgoiano@***. Department of Chemistry College of Science King Khalid University 61431 Abha Saudi Arabia Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia.

Plastic pollution is a widespread issue that poses a threat to agroecosystems. Recent data on microplastic (MP) pollution from compost and its application to soil have highlighted the potential impact of micropollutants that may be transferred from compost. Thus, we aim with this review to elucidate the distribution-occurrence, characterization, fate/transport, and potential risk of MPs from organic compost to gain comprehensive knowledge and mitigate the adverse impacts of compost application. The concentration of MPs in compost was up to thousands of items/kg. Among micropollutants, fibers, fragments, and films are the most common, with small MPs having a higher potential to absorb other pollutants and cause harm to organisms. Various synthetic polymers, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyester (PES), and acrylic polymers (AP), have been widely used of plastic items. MPs are emerging pollutants that can have diverse effects on soil ecosystems, as they can transfer potential pollutants from MPs to compost and then to the soil. Following the microbial degradation scheme, the transfer chain from plastics to compost to soil can be broken down into main stages, i.e., colonization - (bio)fragmentation - assimilation - and mineralization. Microorganisms and adding biochar play an essential role during composting, which can be an effective solution to enhance MP degradation. Findings have shown that stimulating free radical generation could promote the biodegradation efficacy of MPs and possibly remove their occurrence in compost, thereby reducing their contribution to ecosystem pollution. Furthermore, future recommendations were discussed to reduce ecosystem risks and health challenges.

关键词： Emerging contaminants Free radicals Mineralization Organic waste Plastic pollution Polymers

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Road infrastructure asset management strategy and its impact on the environment

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第2期830卷

作者： K Priyatiningsih M Sutrisno Lecturer of Asset Management Study Program Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung 40012 Indonesia Student of Management Science Doctoral Program School of Post Graduate Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Bandung Indonesia Lecturer of Civil Engineering Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung 40012 Indoenesia

The development of the economic sector is determined by services to the public through reforms that aim to place public satisfaction through the management of road infrastructure assets. Some research on road infrastructure assets still requires a deepening of studies related to the delivery of public services related to asset management systems. The purpose of this study is to find an appropriate road infrastructure asset management strategy through an integrated asset management system and asset management policies that can provide public satisfaction. This comprehensive approach to management strategies ensures that the performance of service provider assets is in line with the expectations of stakeholders including road users. This descriptive qualitative research is based on the perspective of road users as respondents, consisting of vehicle drivers from 50 transportation companies (people or goods) through interviews and observations. The results show aspects of asset performance based on the user's perspective there are five aspects, namely productivity, efficiency, effectiveness, use of resources and institutions and this performance is integrated in the asset management system related to policies from the management authority through service delivery namely quality and mobility, risk and use and maintenance of resources. The conclusion of this research is that road infrastructure asset services can be improved through the concept of road infrastructure asset management strategies in an integrated management system with five aspects of performance and more directed towards asset management policies related to the provision of road infrastructure asset services.

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