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EPAS APPROACH TO VADOSE ZONE MONITORING AT RCRA FACILITIES

GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1993年第1期13卷 151-158页

作者： DURANT, ND MYERS, VB ECCLES, LA Washington D.C. 20460) has worked as an environmental scientist in the RCRA corrective action program at EPA since 1989. After graduating from Colgate University in 1987 Durant worked for GeoTrans Inc. conducting hydrogeologic investigations at numerous waste disposal sites throughout the northeastern United States. At present Durant is pursuing an M.S. degree in environmental science from The Johns Hopkins University. His research is focused on enhancing in situ biodegradation of aromatic organic compounds in the subsurface. Washington D. C. 20460) graduated from The Johns Hopkins University in 1972 with a B.A. degree in natural sciences. Myers received a Ph.D. in oceanography from Florida State University in 1977. During 1978 he held a post doctoral fellowship at University of Florida in the Department of Environmental Engineering and Science. From 1979 to 1983 Myers was employed by the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation where he worked on environmental restoration projects. Since 1984 Myers has worked at EPA managing RCRA ground water monitoring and corrective action programs. Lawrence A. Eccles (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory P.O. Box 93478 Las Vegas NV 89193–3478) is a hydrologist with the EPA Environmental Monitoring Systems Research Laboratory in Las Vegas Nevada. Eccles is responsible for the development of vadose zone and in situ monitoring techniques and guidelines. After graduating from Monmouth College with a B.S. degree in chemistry Eccles performed graduate work in chemical engineering at New Mexico State University. He received formal training in hydrology in 1969 from the U.S. Geological Survey in Denver and worked with that agency before joining EPA at Las Vegas in 1984. One of his co-authored articles was chosen for the Best Paper Award by the journal Ground Water in 1975 and another was the subject of a cover story for Water Well Journal in 1977.

The U.S. environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recently proposed to amend federal regulations to require vadose zone monitoring at certain hazardous waste facilities. To support this proposal, EPA evaluated previous policy on vadose zone monitoring and examined advances in vadose zone monitoring technology. Changes in EPA vadose zone monitoring policy were driven by demonstrated advances in the available monitoring technology and improvements in understanding of vadose zone processes. When used under the appropriate conditions, currently available direct and indirect monitoring methods can effectively detect contamination that may leak from hazardous waste facilities into the vadose zone. Direct techniques examined include soil-core monitoring and soil-pore liquid monitoring. Indirect techniques examined include soil-gas monitoring, neutron moderation, complex resistivity, ground-penetrating radar, and electrical resistivity. Properly designed vadose zone monitoring networks can act as a complement to saturated zone monitoring networks at numerous hazardous waste facilities. At certain facilities, particularly those in arid climates where the saturated zone is relatively deep, effective vadose zone monitoring may allow a reduction in the scope of saturated zone monitoring programs.

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NON-LINER DYNAMICS OF UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS

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Journal of Sound and Vibration 1999年第5期220卷 771-786页

作者： M. Wiercigroch M. Badiey J. Simmen A.H.-D. Cheng Department of Engineering University of Aberdeen King's College Aberdeen AB24 3UE U.K. Ocean Acoustic Laboratory Graduate College of Marine Studies University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 U.S.A. Ocean Acoustics Program Office of Naval Research 800 N. Quincy Street Arlington VA 22217 U.S.A. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 U.S.A.

The non-linear dynamic behavior of acoustic wave propagation in an underwater sound channel, described by the Munk's classical sound speed profile perturbed by a single-mode internal wave, is studied using a parabolic ray theory. The amplitude and wavelength of this single-mode wave are used as the branching parameters in bifurcation analysis. The phase plane trajectory of the ray-based system can be periodic, quasi-periodic, and unstable. The regions of instability, located numerically via the bifurcation diagrams, are examined through a sequence of phase diagrams and Poincaré maps. Charts showing the maximum uninterrupted propagation distance reveal instances of anomalous vertical scattering of sound energy. Floquet multipliers were used to investigate instability of periodic orbits.

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Oxygen Carrier Derived from Ferric Sludge for Chemical Looping Combustion of Msw Syngas: Waste Derived Material Performance and Carbon Footprint Assessment

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yang, Chat How Joewin Koh Liu, Guicai Chan, Wei Ping Zhao, Ya Liu, Wen Lim, Teik Thye Lisak, Grzegorz Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University Singapore637141 Singapore Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University 1 Cleantech Loop Cleantech One Singapore637141 Singapore School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Singapore637459 Singapore School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore

The utilization of water treatment sludge (i.e., ferric sludge) was explored as the oxygen carrier (OC) for chemical looping combustion (CLC) of municipal solid waste (MSW) syngas. The performance of ferric sludge (FS) in CLC and simultaneous HCl removal was evaluated in a bench-scale fluidized bed, and was compared with iron ore (IO) as a benchmarked OC. The results show that FS (92%) performed better than IO (82%) in terms of syngas combustion efficiency and FS was able to remove HCl (77% removal efficiency) while IO was unable to remove any HCl. Comparison of reaction temperature reveals that FS performed better at lower CLC temperature between 800 °C and 850 °C. Agglomeration was observed when FS was used in extended CLC cycles. Thus, investigation of using inert a-Al2O3 support together with FS for extended CLC cycles was investigated. Agglomeration and sintering were drastically reduced and good combustion efficiency of 88% for H2 and 74% for CO was attained. Carbon footprint assessment illustrated that FS was superior as a greener material based on global warming potential of 20 and 100 years. Conversion of FS as an OC were characterized with 104.23 and 108.0 kgCO2/t lower than IO for GWP-20 and GWP-100, exhibiting the competitiveness in the usage of waste-derived material in CLC. Hence, FS can be considered as a novel, cost-effective, and greener OC for CLC. The co-utilization of waste-derived material and waste-derived syngas through CLC would be an integrated solution for improved circularity and sustainability. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chlorine compounds

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Proximity to inlet channel drives spatial variation in sediment carbon across a lagoonal seagrass meadow

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Science of the Total Environment 2024年 955卷 177022页

作者： Schaefer, Rachel Colarusso, Phil Simpson, Juliet C. Novak, Alyssa Nepf, Heidi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Room 216D CambridgeMA02139 United States U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 5 Post Office Square Suite 100 BostonMA02109 United States Sea Grant College Program Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Room NW98-151 CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Earth & Environment Boston University 685 Commonwealth Avenue Room 130 BostonMA02215 United States

Seagrass meadows can be sinks for organic carbon, but estimates of global organic carbon stocks are complicated by substantial spatial variability in organic carbon burial observed within meadows. To improve estimates of organic carbon burial in seagrass meadows, it is necessary to understand the causes of the spatial heterogeneity. This study investigated relationships between spatial patterns in sediment organic carbon storage and accretion rates, hydrodynamics, and proximity to sources of organic carbon in a current-dominated Zostera marina Linnaeus meadow in Menemsha Pond, Massachusetts, USA. Sediment and velocity measurements were conducted at six stations along a 150-m transect across the meadow oriented perpendicular to the pond's unvegetated inlet channel. The meadow's edge near the channel had higher organic carbon than the channel as well as the highest organic carbon within the meadow. With increasing distance from the meadow's edge, all of the following decreased: sediment organic and total carbon, sediment accretion rates, peak tidal velocity, sediment trap mass deposition rate, and the relative contribution of non-seagrass sources to sediment organic carbon. Lower tidal velocities farther from the inlet channel reduced sediment resuspension, consistent with lower sediment trap mass deposition, which should enhance organic carbon content and organic carbon accretion rates. However, the opposite trend of decreasing organic carbon content (>50 % across the transect) and decreasing accretion rates with distance from channel was observed. This suggested that the local hydrodynamic intensity was not controlling organic carbon accretion, which was instead constrained by supply limitation and controlled by the lagoon-scale flow circulation. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Deposition rates

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Determination of the bridge maintenance and rehabilitation priority scale in kabupaten Pinrang

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2017年第1期795卷

作者： Asrul Nurdin S.A Kristiawan Handayani Dewi Civil Engineering of Post Graduate Program Sebelas Maret University Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Kentingan Jebres Surakarta 57126 INDONESIA

This study attempts to get the support system to help stakeholders and the decision makers in the determination of priorities the maintenance and rehabilitation of the *** location of the study is done in Kabupaten Pinrang. Bridge damage value is specified using assessment standard Bridge Management System (BMS). There are 13 Bridges by details as follows: good condition with the condition 1 in 6 Bridge, damaged with the condition two as many as five fruit Bridges and there are two Bridges by value condition of three which means need handling rehabilitation. From our observation examination Bridges and it has been obtained the results of then afterward determined the priority scale by using the method Analytic Hierarchy Process. The discussion or interview of 27 respondents in completion question to determines the priorities of handling bridges by three (3) criteria and three sub- criteria with weights each: a condition of damage with weights 0,491 or amounting to 49,1 % followed by criteria policy with weights 0,324 % then criteria volume traffic weight of 0,185 or 18.5 %. Based on the results of this can be concluded that the implementation of a method of Analytic Hierarchy Processing is effective in determining the scale of priorities for the stakeholders. Having acquired value bridge condition and weights of the assessment results of the, then is needed to Analysis of spatial use application ArcGIS to obtain information condition Bridge Map.

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Employing Galerkin method and field study for model calibration to perform sediment transport modelling in Agathis Lake, Universitas Indonesia

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期2014卷

作者： Rian Mantasa Salve Prastica 1Master Student Graduate Program of Civil Engineering Department Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java Post code 16424 Indonesia

The increasing of urban development and the decreasing of public awareness to environment promote flood every year for urban cities. Several lakes or ponds are sacrificed due to both urban development and landfilling. Bad habit of society to throw garbage to the lakes affects the society to think that the economic value of lakes could be increased by filling them with the land. These lead to make the lakes become vulnerable to sedimentation from urban activities. Universitas Indonesia as educational institution starts to develop how to manage sedimentation by hydrodynamics and sediment transport modelling. The research uses Resources Modelling Associates (RMA) program to run the model and Agathis Lake as the study area to perform the simulation. It is expected that the program output data could represent the field data, so the validation method should be conducted. The issue to validate the data would be problematic if simulation factors data could not accommodate real-world observed data. This study aims to employ Galerkin method to understand finite element method in Resources Modelling Associates program (RMA) in order to avoid black box when using it and to conduct a field study to perform calibration method of sediment transport modelling in the study area, Agathis Lake that is located in Universitas Indonesia.

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Energy efficiency evaluation of hospital building office

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2017年第1期795卷

作者： Indah Fitriani Senot Sangadji S.A. Kristiawan Civil Engineering Post graduate Program Sebelas Maret University Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Kentingan Jebres Surakarta 57126 INDONESIA

One of the strategy employed in building design is reducing energy consumption while maintaining the best comfort zone in building indoor climate. The first step to improve office buildings energy performance by evaluating its existing energy usage using energy consumption intensity (Intensitas Konsumsi Energi, IKE) index. Energy evaluation of office building for hospital dr. Sayidiman at Kabupaten Magetan has been carried out in the initial investigation. The office building is operated with active cooling (air conditioning, AC) and use limited daylighting which consumes 14.61 kWh/m2/month. This IKE value is attributed into a slightly inefficient category. Further investigation was carried out by modeling and simulating thermal energy load and room lighting in every building zone using of Ecotect from Autodesk. Three scenarios of building energy and lighting retrofit have been performed simulating representing energy efficiency using cross ventilation, room openings, and passive cooling. The results of the numerical simulation indicate that the third scenario by employing additional windows, reflector media and skylight exhibit the best result and in accordance with SNI 03-6575-2001 lighting standard. Total thermal load of the existing building which includes fabric gains, indirect solar gains, direct solar gains, ventilation fans, internal gains, inter-zonal gains and cooling load were 162,145.40 kWh. Based on the three scenarios, the thermal load value (kWh) obtained was lowest achieved scenario 2 with the thermal value of 117,539.08 *** final results are interpreted from the total energy emissions evaluated using the Ecotect software, the heating and cooling demand value and specific design of the windows are important factors to determine the energy efficiency of the buildings.

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The capacity of osmotic for the living of aquatic plant at the Area of Tahura KGPAA Mangkunagoro I, the Province of Central Java

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2683卷

作者： Masrochatun Sutrisno Anggoro Ferry Hermawan Master Program of Environmental Science School of Post-Graduate Diponegoro University Semarang - Indonesia Department of Aquatic Resources Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Diponegoro University Semarang – Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang – Indonesia

The existence of aquatic plants has a significant influence on the biota living at wellspring. The osmotic pressure is significant research to understand the adaptation of the environment changing to organism physiology. This research aims to know the Osmotic Work Rate by comparing osmolarity water value to aquatic plant plasma. The research method is the descriptive analysis of laboratory test results. The water sample was taken from the seven locations of the wellspring. Osmotic work rate is taken from comparing the plasma osmolarity value of the aquatic plant to water Osmolarity. Osmotic work rate zero means osmoregulation patterns isosmotic. The osmotic work rate greater than zero implies osmoregulation patterns hyperosmotic regulatory and osmoregulation patterns hypo-osmotic regulatory if the Osmotic work rate is less than zero. The patterns are used from the seven locations of good springs are the same, osmoregulation patterns of Hyperosmotic regulatory to the environment because the plasma osmolarity of water plants is more significant than water osmolarity.

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Risk assessment and management of offshore structures

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Progress in Structural engineering and Materials 2001年第2期3卷

作者： Robert G Bea Professor Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Ocean Engineering Graduate Program 212 McLaughlin Hall University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720–1712 USA

During the past 30 years, reliability-based risk assessment and management processes have been developed and applied in assessing and maintaining the integrity of a worldwide infrastructure of offshore structure systems. These systems are characterized as a combination of structures, hardware/equipment, operating personnel, organizations, environments and the interfaces between these components. Background on current and future trends in development of comprehensive programs to help improve the quality and reliability of offshore structure systems are outlined. The importance and characteristics of human and organizational factors are discussed. A combination of proactive, reactive and interactive approaches have been developed that employ three strategies to achieve desirable quality and reliability: reduce likelihood of malfunctions, increase detection and correction of malfunctions, and decrease the effects and consequences of malfunctions. System robustness and fail-safe design are key elements of the third strategy.

关键词： offshore structures risk assessment risk management design codes design guidelines probabilistic risk analysis quantitative risk analysis qualitative risk analysis

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Teaching the concept of adaptive thermal comfort in building design education

Teaching the concept of adaptive thermal comfort in building...

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16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020

作者： Teli, Despoina Hellwig, Runa T. Schweiker, Marcel Choi, Joon-Ho Lee, M.C. Jeffrey Mora, Rodrigo Rawal, Rajan Wang, Zhaojun Al-Atrash, Farah Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chalmers University Sweden Department of Architecture Design and Media Technology Aalborg University Denmark Institute for Occupational Social and Environmental Medicine RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Building Science School of Architecture University of Southern California United States Department of Interior Design National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taiwan Building Science Graduate Program British Columbia Institute of Technology Canada Centre for Advanced Research in Building Science and Energy CEPT University India School of Architecture Harbin Institute of Technology China School of Architecture and Built Environment German Jordanian University Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9781713823605

Traditional building design education in the disciplines of building services, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, etc. focusses on quantifiable factors, i.e. factors which can be subject of calculation, simulation and dimensioning. Since non-quantifiable factors are not part of calculation or simulation models, there is a tendency that they are not adequately considered in education and, as a result, in building planning and operation. In the case of human thermal comfort, building professionals are required to understand the mechanisms and impact of non-quantifiable factors related to human thermal comfort and health, most of which are part of the adaptive thermal comfort concept. This paper identifies the challenges in teaching the concept of adaptive thermal comfort through a collection of lived experiences of the authors. The paper then proposes appropriate intended learning outcomes and teaching methods to equip students with the background knowledge, understanding and skills required to consider human adaptation in their designs. © 2020 16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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