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Correspondence: Reply to 'Analytical flaws in a continental-scale forest soil microbial diversity study'

Nature communications 2017年第1期8卷 15583页

作者： Jizhong Zhou Ye Deng Lina Shen Chongqing Wen Qingyun Yan Daliang Ning Yujia Qin Kai Xue Liyou Wu Zhili He James W Voordeckers Joy D Van Nostrand Vanessa Buzzard Sean T Michaletz Brian J Enquist Michael D Weiser Michael Kaspari Robert Waide Yunfeng Yang James H Brown State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China. Institute for Environmental Genomics Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology and School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA. Earth Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94270 USA. CAS Key Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721 USA. The Santa Fe Institute 1399 Hyde Park Rd Santa Fe New Mexico 87501 USA. EEB Graduate Program Department of Biology University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa 0843-03092 Republic of Panama. Department of Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA.

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Multi-Criteria Spatial Analysis of Hazardous Materials Transportation 2

Multi-Criteria Spatial Analysis of Hazardous Materials Trans...

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2nd International Conference on Vulnerability and Risk Analysis and Management, ICVRAM 2014 and the 6th International Symposium on Uncertainty Modeling and Analysis, ISUMA 2014

作者： Cordeiro, Francyelly Giovany Bezerra, Barbara Stolte Peixoto, Anna Silvia P. Kaiser, Ilza Machado UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista Graduate Studies Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780784413609

The development of the world economy increases trade, thereby inducing a large amount of goods transportation. In many developing countries, such as Brazil, the transportation system is predominated by the highway mode. Municipal highways, most of time, are part of the main road cargo transportation system, and this makes the traffic of hazardous materials a risk to society and the environment. The goal of the paper is the use of a multi-criteria analysis methodology, for modeling of the environmental risk of Road Transport of Hazardous Materials (RTHM) in Sao Paulo State - Brazil. Therefore, a methodological discussion is presented to explore the issues inherent to the composition of the panel of experts to assign weights to each criterion and to quantify the relative importance of each for risk analysis of environmental damage. © 2014 American Society of civil Engineers.

关键词： Risk analysis

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Distributed System Behavior Modeling with Ontologies, Rules, and Message Passing Mechanisms

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Procedia Computer Science 2015年 44卷 373-382页

作者： Mark Austin Parastoo Delgoshaei Alan Nguyen Associate Professor Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Graduate Student Ph.D. Program in Civil Systems Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA. Systems Engineer Constellation Energy Washington D.C

Modern societal-scale infrastructures (e.g., buildings, roads, railways, and power supplies) that are defined by spatially distributed network structures, concurrent subsystem-level behaviours, distributed control and decision making, and interdependencies among subsystems that are not always well understood. During both Hurricanes Katrina and Sandy, it quickly became evident a disturbance in one system can impact other networks in ways that are both unexpected and undesirable. Such outcomes put engineering designers and urban planners (decision makers) in a tough spot where quantitative decision-making regarding the adequacy of system infrastructure is complicated by the presence of newfound system interactions. This paper takes a first step toward providing designers and planners with computational support for simulation of distributed system behaviours with system-level interactions. We describe an experimental software prototype for distributed event-based system behaviour modelling with ontologies, rules checking and message passing mechanisms. Key features of the software architecture are demonstrated through the development of two scenarios: (1) A family interacting with a school system, and (2) Simulation of adjustments to the Washington DC Metro System schedule in response to a severe storm.

关键词： Distributed System Modeling Ontologies Rule Checking Jena API

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Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–18: a modelling study

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第6期8卷 e363-e375页

作者： Sartorius, Benn VanderHeide, John D. Yang, Mingyou Goosmann, Erik A. Hon, Julia Haeuser, Emily Cork, Michael A. Perkins, Samantha Jahagirdar, Deepa Schaeffer, Lauren E. Serfes, Audrey L. LeGrand, Kate E. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abebo, Zeleke Hailemariam Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adegbosin, Adeyinka Emmanuel Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Akalu, Yonas Akinyemi, Oluwaseun Oladapo Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Aklilu, Addis Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Noore Alamneh, Alehegn Aderaw Alanzi, Turki M. Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Tilahun Alipour, Vahid Amini, Saeed Ancuceanu, Robert Ansari, Fereshteh Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew Anvari, Davood Anwer, Razique Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Asghari Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asmare, Wondwossen Niguse Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atreya, Alok Ausloos, Marcel Awedew, Atalel Fentahun Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Basu, Sanjay Bayati, Mohsen Bedi, Neeraj Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M. Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bibi, Sadia Bikbov, Boris Birhan, Tsegaye Adane Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Bockarie, Moses John Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath Butt, Zahid A. Cárdenas, Rosario Carvalho, Felix Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Cook, Aubrey J. Cormier, Natalie Maria Cowden, Richard G. Culquichicon, Carlos Dagnew, Baye Dahlawi, Saad M.A. D Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom The George Institute for Global Health University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Insights Program Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Seattle WA United States Global Programs Medical Teams International Seattle WA United States Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA United States Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia College of Medicine and Health Science Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Nursing Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Biomedical Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Brehan

Background: High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to estimate HIV prevalence at the second administrative level in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for 2000–18 and sought data on the number of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) by second-level administrative unit. We then modified the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) to use these HIV prevalence and treatment estimates to estimate HIV incidence and mortality by second-level administrative unit. Findings: The estimates suggest substantial variation in HIV incidence and mortality rates both between and within countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with 15 countries having a ten-times or greater difference in estimated HIV incidence between the second-level administrative units with the lowest and highest estimated incidence levels. Across all 44 countries in 2018, HIV incidence ranged from 2·8 (95% uncertainty interval 2·1–3·8) in Mauritania to 1585·9 (1369·4–1824·8) cases per 100 000 people in Lesotho and HIV mortality ranged from 0·8 (0·7–0·9) in Mauritania to 676·5 (513·6–888·0) deaths per 100 000 people in Lesotho. Variation in both incidence and mortality was substantially greater at the subnational level than at the national level and the highest estimated rates were accordingly higher. Among second-level administrative units, Guijá District, Gaza Province, Mozambique,

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Correlation Equation to Predict HHV of Tropical Peat Based on its Ultimate Analyses

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Procedia engineering 2015年 125卷 298-303页

作者： Wiwiek Setyawati Enri Damanhuri Puji Lestari Kania Dewi Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia Centre for Atmospheric Science and Technology LAPAN Jl. Dr Djundjunan 133 Bandung 40173 Indonesia Graduate Program Bandung Institute of Technology Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia

The aim of the research is to develop correlation equation to predict HHV of tropical peat based on its ultimate analysis. The Eijkelkamp peat sampler was employed to take samples of peat in five different districts in Pontianak, Indonesia. Samples were taken up to 2 m depth with 50 cm increments therefore total 20 samples were obtained. Ultimate analyses and higher heating value (HHV) of peat were evaluated in order to predict HHV based on its ultimate analyses results. It was found that C, H, O, S, N and ash contents in dry bases (in weight %) had ranges of 15.63 – 59.43%, 2.63 – 6.47%, 13.35 – 36.84%, 0.12 – 3.86%, 0.48 – 2.01% and 1.00 – 64.05%, respectively. HHV had ranges of 8.07 – 21.69 MJ/kg. Based on chemical composition of dry peat therefore new equation formulae to predict HHV peat was HHV = 17.830 + 1.508 H + 0.102 N + 0.575 S – 0.192 O-0.205 Ash, with an average absolute error and bias error of 2.18% and 0.17%, respectively.

关键词： Tropical peat Pontianak ultimate analysis high heating value prediction

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Surface modification of membrane filters using graphene and graphene oxide-based nanomaterials for bacterial inactivation and removal

Surface modification of membrane filters using graphene and ...

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作者： Musico, Yvonne Ligaya F. Santos, Catherine M. Dalida, Maria Lourdes P. Rodrigues, Debora F. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204-5003 United States Environmental Engineering Graduate Program College of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines

Surfaces of commercially available membrane filters were modified by the dispersion of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK), graphene (G), poly(N-vinylcarbazole) -graphene (PVK-G), graphene oxide (GO), and poly(N-vinylcarbazole)-graphene oxide (PVK-GO) in order to impart antibacterial properties. The successful coatings of the membranes were demonstrated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Investigations carried out on the surface-modified membrane filters using Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis showed that the presence of graphene-based nanomaterials significantly improved the antibacterial properties of the membrane filters. One of the mechanisms for this improved antimicrobial property of the filter was attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species by the nanomaterials. Among the nanomaterials used in this study, the PVK-GO-modified membrane filter exhibited the best removal of B. subtilis and E. coli with 4 and 3 log removals, respectively. The different levels of E. coli and B. subtilis removals were attributed to the differences in their cell structures and composition. This study has demonstrated that the use of graphene-based nanomaterials to modify the surfaces of membrane filters is an effective method of imparting antibacterial properties that can find useful application in water and wastewater treatment. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Nanostructured materials

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Influence of Shape and Dimensions of Lamina on Shear and Bending Strength of Vertically Glue Laminated Bamboo Beam

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Procedia engineering 2014年 95卷 22-30页

作者： Mujiman Henricus Priyosulistyo Djoko Sulistyo T.A. Prayitno Post graduate Student Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering of UGM Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia Associate Professor Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering of UGM Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia Lector Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering UGM Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia Professor Faculty of Forestry of UGM Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia

The strength of the bamboo increases from innner surface layer (endodermis) to outer surface layer (exodermis). The strength of bamboo can be utilized optimally by making glue laminated bamboo beams. The curved bamboo lamina as part of the glue laminated beam may be made by peeling off slightly the outer surface layer that contains high strength of fibers. The lamina thickness is made by disposing inner layer of the bamboo. The bamboo used in this work belongs to the species of Bambusa Dendrocalamus asper (local name: bambu Petung). This research aims to improve the shear and flexural strength of the glue laminated bamboo beams by modifying the shape of the cross section of the lamina (curved) rather than ordinary rectangular shape of the lamina. The dimensions of the cross-section of the lamina were of 7/20 mm and 9/20 mm. The laminas were preserved by immersing them in a hot water having chemical solution namely “Natrium Tetrabonat or CCB4” with a concentration of 10%. Having dry air the laminas were glued using adhesive type PVAC and were staked under 2.5 MPa. The cross section dimensions of the beam specimen in shear and bending were of 70/100-900 mm and of 70/100-285 mm, and of 750 mm and 2700 mm long respectively. The simply supported glue laminated beams were tested upon two point loads at a distance of 1/3 the length of the span. The results showed that the glue laminated bamboo beams having curved type of laminas are stronger, more rigid, and more ductile compared to rectangular lamina type. Likewise, the glue laminated bamboo beams having 7 mm thick of lamina are stronger, stiffer, and ductile compared to the glue laminated beam with laminas of 9 mm thick. The average flexural strength of BBR7 (rectangular, 7 mm thick of lamina), BBR9 (rectangular, 9 mm thick of lamina), BBC7 (curved, 7 mm thick of lamina) and BBC9 (curved, 9 mm thick of lamina) are respectively (68.80, 9.28, 63.28, 2.00) N/mm2. The flexural rigidity of related be

关键词： laminate lamina dimensions the shape of the lamina the lamina arrangement Petung bamboo

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Polymer concrete reinforced with luffa fibers: Effect of gamma radiation

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Revista Tecnica de la Facultad de Ingenieria Universidad del Zulia 2014年第3期37卷 22-29页

作者： Martínez-Barrera, Gonzalo Martínez-López, Miguel Vigueras-Santiago, Enrique Gencel, Osman Beycioglu, Ahmet Dos Reis, João Marciano Laredo Facultad de Química Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Km.12 de la carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco San Cayetano Mexico Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Bartin University Bartin Turkey Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Technology Düzce University Düzce Turkey Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Laboratory - LMTA Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Program - PGMEC Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF RuaPasso da Pátria 156 Bl. E sala 216 Niterói RJ Brazil

The interest of many research groups regarding manufacture of composite materials by using natural fibers is increasing world-wide. The main objectives involve the improvement of mechanical properties, mainly those related to resistance and elasticity. In the present study in a first stage, polymer concrete specimens were elaborated by using an unsaturated polyester resin, silica sand and luffa fibers; after, they were gamma irradiated at different doses and their mechanical properties were evaluated. Two different silica particle sizes (0.15 mm and 0.6 mm), and four different luffa fiber concentrations (0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 wt%) were used, as well as 50 and 100 kGy of radiation dose. The results show a gradually diminution of compressive strength and modulus of elasticity when adding luffa fiber concentration. Nevertheless, such mechanical features are increasing when polymer concrete is gamma irradiated.

关键词： Unsaturated polymers

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Influence of seated spectators on the transverse modal properties of temporary grandstands 9

Influence of seated spectators on the transverse modal prope...

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9th International Conference on Structural Dynamics, EURODYN 2014

作者： De Jesus Carvalho Oliveira, Terezinha Brito, Valkisfran Lira Pimentel, Roberto Leal Post-graduate Research Programme in Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Paraíba Campus Universitário sn João Pessoa-PB58051-900 Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Paraíba Campus Universitário Sn João Pessoa-PB58051-900 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9789727521654

Studies have shown that the presence of people modify the dynamic behavior of structures due to the addition of mass to the structure and also due to the ability of the human body to absorb energy, acting on the structure as a dynamic system of the type mass-spring-damper and justifying their representation through biodynamic models. The effect that people cause on the structure becomes more pronounced when the mass of persons is significant in comparison to the mass of the structure, as in the case of temporary grandstands. These types of structures have the lowest stiffness in the transverse direction. Thus, this study aims to examine the effect that the presence of people causes on the dynamic response of a temporary grandstand in the transverse direction, focusing on changes of the natural frequencies. A prototype of a temporary grandstand was assembled in the laboratory, with a capacity of about one hundred people. Modal tests were performed, and a finite element (FE) model of the structure was developed using the software ANSYS. Experimental data and results of the FE model of the grandstand with 5, 8 and 12 people seated were correlated to calibrate a biodynamic model representing each spectator. Such a model was a single degree of freedom (SDOF) system, departing from a biodynamic model proposed in literature, which was adapted to the condition of people in grandstands. Investigations were then performed on the vibrating properties of the structure when it was gradually filled with models representing the spectators. The results show significant changes on the transverse natural frequency when compared to that of the empty structure, demonstrating the importance of considering the effect of people in temporary grandstands and its representation through biodynamic models.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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Influence of recycled aggregate on the rheological behavior of cement mortar

Influence of recycled aggregate on the rheological behavior ...

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14th International Conference on Non-Conventional Materials and Technologies for Sustainable engineering, NOCMAT 2013

作者： Lima, Paulo Roberto Lopes Filho, Romildo Dias Toledo Da Fonseca Martins Gomes, Otávio 1Post-graduate Program of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of Technology State University of Feira de Santana Av. Transnordestina S/N-Novo Horizonte Feira de Santana Bahia 44036-900 Brazil Civil Engineering Program/COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Centre for Mineral Technology-CETEM Av. Pedro Calmon 900 21941-908 Rio de Janeiro Brazil University of Liege GeMMe Georesources and Geoimaging Sart Tilman B52 4000 Liege Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9783037859810

In this work it was studied the influence of recycled fine aggregate obtained from construction and demolition waste (CDW) on the rheological properties of Portland cement mortars. The CDW was initially separate in their main constituents (mortar, ceramic and concrete debris) at the laboratory and then grinded separately to the sand size in order to generate more homogeneous fine aggregates. The characterization of the natural and recycled sands was carried out through physical tests, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and image analysis (shape and texture description parameters). A conventional mortar and three mortars containing recycled sands were produced with a sand/cement ratio of 4 and consistency index of 255±5 mm. The consistency was kept constant by ranging the water-cement ratio from 0.58 to 1.14. The rheological study was performed using a rotating viscometer to obtain torque-rotation ratio and to calculate the yield stress and plastic viscosity. The results indicate that the presence of recycled aggregate causes a lowering of both yield stress and plastic viscosity with respect to the mortar containing natural aggregate. © (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Mortar

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