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AWWA 124th Annual Conference and Exposition: The World's Water Event, ACE 2005

作者： Tung, Hsin-Hsin Regan, John M. Unz, Richard F. Xie, Yuefeng Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering Pennsylvania State University Environmental Engineering Program United States

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EXPERIMENTAL AND MODELED RESULTS DESCRIBING THE ADSORPTION OF ACETONE AND BENZENE ONTO ACTIVATED CARBON-FIBERS

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environmental PROGRESS 1994年第1期13卷 26-30页

作者： CAL, MP LARSON, SM ROOD, MJ University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Civil Engineering 3230 Newmark Civil Engineering Lab 205 North Mathews Avenue Urbana IL 61801

Activated carbon fibers (ACF) were used to adsorb ppmv concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from laboratory generated gas streams. VOCs considered were benzene and acetone because the VOC are commonly found in indoor air and have potential to increase health risks to humans. ACF were used as the adsorbent because they typically exhibit higher adsorption capacities and faster adsorption kinetics than commercially available granular activated carbons (GAC) and show potential as an adsorbent to effectively remove VOCs from indoor air. Adsorption models by Dubinin and coworkers (Dubinin, 1975), based on the theory of volume filling of micropores, and an empirical model by Freundlich were used to fit the measured adsorption isotherms. Agreement between the modeled and experimental results for acetone and benzene using the Dubinin-Radushkevich equation generally improved with increasing BET surface area and produced reasonable fits of the adsorption isotherms for both acetone and benzene. The Freundlich equation produced values for correlation coefficients (R) between modeled and experimental data from 0.980 to 0.997, indicating the validity of using the Freundlich equation to model the adsorption isotherms over the concentration range of interest. These results indicate that ACF show potential as an adsorbent for removing low concentrations of VOCs from indoor air.

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INSITU TREATMENT OF SOIL FOR THE EXTRACTION OF ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS

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environmental PROGRESS 1993年第1期12卷 12-23页

作者： ONEILL, MW SYMONS, JM LAZARIDOU, ME PARK, JB Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 Environmental Engineering Program University of Houston Houston TX 77204 Bechtel Corporation 3000 Post Oak Blvd. Houston TX 77252

The initial progress of an ongoing laboratory investigation is described in which phenol and aniline were mixed into a slightly organic, loamy soil and various aqueous solutions used to attempt to extract these organic contaminants. Extraction compounds consisted of deionized water, hydrogen peroxide at varying concentration and sodium hydroxide at varying pH. Two methods were used to affect desorption. The first method, which is simple and quick, has been termed the ''successive reverse isotherm'' (SRI) method, and the second method, which is very labor intensive and time-consuming, but which represents better the conditions that exist in an in situ extraction operation, was the permeation method. The SRI method indicated that an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in concentration of 200 to 500 mg/L extracted about 45% of the phenol, while an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide at a pH of 10 extracted in excess of 70% of the phenol. On the other hand, none of the solutions extracted more than 25% of the aniline. Further tests conducted in permeameters indicated that approximately 80% of phenol was recovered by permeation with either hydrogen peroxide or sodium hydroxide and that both were measurably more effective than deionized water. Neither the phenol nor any of the decontaminants had any major effect on hydraulic conductivity or physical index properties of the soil. From the results of the tests to date, the SRI test appears to provide a viable method of predicting whether permeameter tests will yield productive results.

关键词： Soils

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IMPACTS OF CONSTRUCTION RISKS ON COSTS IN LEED-CERTIFIED PROJECTS

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Journal of Green Building 2016年第4期11卷 163-181页

作者： Asli Pelin Gurgun David Arditi Pablo Casals Vilar Department of Civil Engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityDavutpasa Campus34220IstanbulTurkey. Construction Engineering and Management Program Illinois Institute of TechnologyDepartment of CivilArchitectural and Environmental EngineeringAlumni Memorial HallRoom 229ChicagoIL 60616USA. Construction Engineering and Management Program Illinois Institute of TechnologyDepartment of CivilArchitectural and Environmental Engineering IL60616USA

Construction according to green principles rather than traditional methods poses a new set of risks to project *** risks should be appropriately identified and managed in order to prevent cost *** study aims to identify construction risks and their cost impacts in LEED-certified *** this purpose,thirteen risks were identified based on a literature survey and were categorized under four groups of issues:(i)consultant,contractor and subcon-tractor,(ii)material,product and process,(iii)legal,regulatory and contractual,and(iv)financial and economic.A survey was then administered to green build-ing design and construction practitioners in the *** assess the likelihood of occurrence of these risks and their respective impacts on project *** to the survey results,the risks associated with consultant,contractor and subcon-tractor issues have the highest expected impact on *** top five risk factors were determined as(1)contractors and subcontractors agreeing to standards that are not within their expertise and competence,(2)high cost of certification,(3)lack of expertise in new products/technologies,(4)doubts about the long-term viability and performance of new and untested products,materials and tech-nologies,and(5)inadequate definition of project parties’contractual roles and *** the cost impact of risks is of great value to owners and designers and *** the risks associated with LEED-certified projects and their cost impacts can be of benefit to all practitioners.

关键词： green construction LEED certification risk cost green risk management

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Nitrite impairs bioreactor performance due to decreased replication of Candidatus Brocadia sapporoensis by unbalanced energy allocation

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Water Research 2025年 283卷 123806页

作者： Qiao, Xuejiao Zhang, Liyu Qiu, Zhiguang Wu, Yang Deng, Chunfang Geng, Yanni Zhang, Yichi Yan, Yan Li, Bing Zhang, Lijuan Zhuang, Wei-Qin Yu, Ke Eco-environment and Resource Efficiency Research Laboratory School of Environment and Energy Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China -Preferred Program Peking University Shenzhen518055 China State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Guangzhou510000 China Shenzhen Engineering Research Laboratory for Sludge and Food Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand

The effects of nitrite on anammox activities have been extensively studied. However, the molecular mechanisms of specific microorganisms responding to nitrite in anammox systems remain unexplored. This study investigates how excessive nitrite affects the core metabolisms of AnAOB and symbiotic bacteria, further elucidating the mechanisms by which it regulates microbial growth and nitrogen removal performance. Specifically, the nitrogen removal process in a continuous-flow anammox membrane bioreactor collapsed when the nitrite concentration reached 243 mg N/L. Integrated meta-omics analyses demonstrated that excessive nitrite disrupted the energy metabolism of Ca. Brocadia sapporoensis (AMXB1), reducing the energy available for developing tolerance. Subsequently, it disrupted cell replication by impairing the biosynthesis process of AMXB1, particularly DNA replication and the formation of vital cell structures such as the cell membrane and cell wall, as well as the cellular protection system, leading to the collapse of the anammox system. Additionally, the cross-feeding of amino acids and cofactors between AMXB1 and symbiotic bacteria plays an important role in the recovery of nitrogen removal performance of anammox consortia after nitrite inhibition. The findings provide a novel strategy and direction for improving the tolerance and resilience of anammox consortia in engineered ecosystems. © 2025

关键词： Listeria

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The distribution of subsurface microplastics in the ocean

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Nature 2025年第8061期641卷 51-61页

作者： Zhao, Shiye Kvale, Karin F. Zhu, Lixin Zettler, Erik R. Egger, Matthias Mincer, Tracy J. Amaral-Zettler, Linda A. Lebreton, Laurent Niemann, Helge Nakajima, Ryota Thiel, Martin Bos, Ryan P. Galgani, Luisa Stubbins, Aron Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka Japan Aotearoa Blue Ocean Research Lower Hutt New Zealand State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai China Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences Northeastern University Boston MA United States NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research Den Burg Netherlands The Ocean Cleanup Rotterdam Netherlands Empaqtify St Gallen Switzerland Harriet Wilkes Honors College Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton FL United States Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Geosciences Utrecht University Utrecht Netherlands Facultad Ciencias del Mar Universidad Catolica del Norte Coquimbo Chile MarineGEO Program Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Edgewater MD United States Centre for Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Island (ESMOI) Coquimbo Chile Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA United States Department of Biotechnology Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Siena Siena Italy National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC) Palermo Italy Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Northeastern University Boston MA United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northeastern University Boston MA United States

Marine plastic pollution is a global issue, with microplastics (1 µm–5 mm) dominating the measured plastic count1,2. Although microplastics can be found throughout the oceanic water column3,4, most studies colle...

Marine plastic pollution is a global issue, with microplastics (1 µm–5 mm) dominating the measured plastic count^1,2. Although microplastics can be found throughout the oceanic water column^3,4, most studies collect microplastics from surface waters (less than about 50-cm depth) using net tows⁵. Consequently, our understanding of the microplastics distribution across ocean depths is more limited. Here we synthesize depth-profile data from 1,885 stations collected between 2014 and 2024 to provide insights into the distribution and potential transport mechanisms of subsurface (below about 50-cm depth, which is not usually sampled by traditional practices^3,6) microplastics throughout the oceanic water column. We find that the abundances of microplastics range from 10⁻⁴ to 10⁴ particles per cubic metre. Microplastic size affects their distribution;the abundance of small microplastics (1 µm to 100 µm) decreases gradually with depth, indicating a more even distribution and longer lifespan in the water column compared with larger microplastics (100 µm to 5,000 µm) that tend to concentrate at the stratified layers. Mid-gyre accumulation zones extend into the subsurface ocean but are concentrated in the top 100 m and predominantly consist of larger microplastics. Our analysis suggests that microplastics constitute a measurable fraction of the total particulate organic carbon, increasing from 0.1% at 30 m to 5% at 2,000 m. Although our study establishes a global benchmark, our findings underscore that the lack of standardization creates substantial uncertainties, making it challenging to advance our comprehension of the distribution of microplastics and its impact on the oceanic environment. © The Author(s) 2025.

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Designing and delivering an environmental management course for engineering and science students

Designing and delivering an environmental management course ...

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2008 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Bezbaruah, Achintya Lin, Wei North Dakota State University Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental and Conservation Sciences Department of Civil Engineering Environmental and Conservation Sciences Program

environmental education for engineers and scientists is becoming increasingly important and popular throughout the world. There is a need to develop courses which introduce students to interdisciplinary environmental management principles and tools, and expose them to various real world problems. To promote interdisciplinary environmental education and research, North Dakota State University (NDSU) has introduced a graduate program in environmental and Conservation Sciences (ECS) in 2003. As part of this interdisciplinary program, a course in environmental management for ECS and civil engineering students was introduced. The course was designed as a graduate level course and was made available to civil engineering undergraduates as a technical elective. The challenge was to address a widely diverse student group with different academic backgrounds. The course has been taught twice since its introduction in 2006. The course is intended to give students an understanding of current environmental issues and tools for environmental management. The issues are examined from the worldwide perspectives of science, engineering, business and society. At the end of the course students are expected to have a comprehensive knowledge of integrated environmental management with a global perspective. It is designed to help them in environmental decision-making from a socio-economic-environmental standpoint. Case studies are undertaken to bring clarity to the concepts introduced. There is no recommended text book for this course, and publications from various nonprofit and governmental organizations including the United States environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) are used. Various models used for environmental analysis and decision making are introduced. The instructor's knowledge gap is filled by inviting guest speakers to cover various topics. Students extensively use the Blackboard, a software system designed to facilitate the management of and access to educational informatio

关键词： Students

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The effects of the interaction of outboard motors with the aquatic environment-A review

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environmental Research 1973年第4期6卷 436-454页

作者： Jackivicz Jr., Thomas P. Kuzminski, Lawrence N. Environmental Engineering Program Department of Civil Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01002 United States

The effects of the compounds associated with outboard motor subsurface exhausts on water quality and aquatic biota are reviewed. The problems affiliated with water quality may include the formation of undesirable tastes and odors and the appearance of oily substances. It has been demonstrated that outboard motor exhaust water can exhibit a toxic effect in sufficiently high concentrations to fathead minnows and bluegills, taints the flesh of various fish, and may affect the reproduction of fish. A discussion of the current research related to the effects of outboard motors on the aquatic environment is presented. Recommendations are given for future research to broaden the understanding of the interaction of outboard motors with the aquatic environment. © 1973.

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FILAMENTOUS BULKING IN MASSACHUSETTS - EXTENT OF THE PROBLEM AND CASE-STUDIES

FILAMENTOUS BULKING IN MASSACHUSETTS - EXTENT OF THE PROBLEM...

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6TH CONF ON DESIGN AND OPERATION OF LARGE WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS

作者： SWITZENBAUM, MS PLANTE, TR WOODWORTH, BK Environmental Engineering Program Department of Civil Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 United States

A handbook has been written for control of activated sludge bulking for wastewater treatment plant operators in Massachusetts. In order to demonstrate the principles described in the handbook for filamentous organism identification and subsequent selective control, six Massachusetts activated sludge plants experiencing bulking problems were investigated. In addition, a survey was conducted to determine the extent of the filamentous bulking problem in Massachusetts. Dominant filamentous organisms in the aeration tank mixed liquor were identified to determine the probable cause of bulking problems. Plant data and operating conditions were also studied to verify the organism-cause relationship. Based on the sample and data analysis, selective control strategies were suggested to the plant operator to control or eliminate the bulking problem.

关键词： ACTIVATED SLUDGE FILAMENTOUS BULKING IDENTIFICATION CONTROL

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The significance of trace metal speciation for water, sediment and soil quality criteria and standards

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Science of the Total Environment 1993年第SUPPL. 1期134卷 23-45页

作者： Allen, Herbert E. Department of Civil Engineering Environmental Engineering Program University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States

Metals enter into a number of reactions, including complexation, precipitation and sorption, in the environment. These reactions affect their mobility and bioavailability. Standards for water quality have not yet included speciation of metals although the effect of complexation to reduce metal toxicity is well known. Sediment quality standards are presently under development in the United States. The ability of acid volatile sulfide to stoichiometrically react with cadmium and nickel has been established. When the concentration of added metal is less than the molar concentration of acid volatile sulfide (AVS), the sediments are not toxic. Modeling frameworks are available to permit the evaluation of metal binding in sediments that are oxic, and in contaminated sediments where the concentration of metal exceeds that of AVS. It appears that organic matter controls the sorption of metal under these circumstances. The primary variable of soils contributing to metal mobility and availability to plants is pH. This has not been incorporated into soil standards. A framework for the consideration of pH has been developed. © 1993 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.

关键词： Sediment quality Soil quality Speciation Trace metals Water quality

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