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SSRN 2023年

作者： Al-Atroush, Mohamed Ezzat Almushcab, Jumana Alhudaif, Duha Meskinyar, Yosra Civil and Environmental Engineering Program College of Engineering Prince Sultan University Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia Software Engineering College of Computer and Information Systems Prince Sultan University Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia Architectural Engineering Department College of Architecture and Design Prince Sultan University Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia

The urgency of climate change has highlighted the need for sustainable road construction materials, replacing the conventional asphalt that significantly contributes to global warming and the urban heat island effect. With that in mind, the construction of the world's first 30-meter plastic road in Zwolle, Netherlands, in 2018 opened the door for novel plastic applications as paving materials. However, the current application is still limited to sidewalks and light-loaded cycling lanes. This preliminary study investigated the feasibility of using 3D printing technology to provide the required structural design flexibility for manufacturing plastic pavement modules able to sustain heavy traffic and extreme weather conditions. The suitability of six plastic materials for 3D printing was evaluated. Polylactic Acid (PLA), and Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) were identified as the most suitable materials for this study. Three small-scale structural systems, namely hollow modular with plastic columns, hollow modular with solid plastic cones, and hollow modular with X-bracing, were designed and successfully printed using the adopted materials and a 3D printer. The developed systems were then tested under compression to evaluate their structural performance under heavy traffic loads and prove the concept. The results showed that the PLA conic structural system was effective and exhibited the highest compression strength, while PETG conic system exhibited ductile behavior with superior thermal stability. The study suggested that the hybrid system of PLA and PETG materials may improve overall performance, combine flexibility and strength, and potentially improve resistance to extreme weather and heavy traffic. These findings proved that 3D printing technology has the potential to revolutionize the road construction industry and provide more sustainable solutions for infrastructure development. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Plastic bottles

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Unveiling Processing–Property Relationships in Laser Powder Bed Fusion: The Synergy of Machine Learning and High-throughput Experiments

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Amiri, Mahsa Foumani, Zahra Zanjani Cao, Penghui Valdevit, Lorenzo Bostanabad, Ramin Materials and Manufacturing Technology Program University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California IrvineCA92697 United States

Achieving desired mechanical properties in additive manufacturing requires many experiments and a well-defined design framework becomes crucial in reducing trials and conserving resources. Here, we propose a methodology embracing the synergy between high-throughput (HT) experimentation and hierarchical machine learning (ML) to unveil the complex relationships between a large set of process parameters in Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) and selected mechanical properties (tensile strength and ductility). The HT method envisions the fabrication of small samples for rapid automated hardness and porosity characterization, and a smaller set of tensile specimens for more labor-intensive direct measurement of yield strength and ductility. The ML approach is based on a sequential application of Gaussian processes (GPs) where the correlations between process parameters and hardness/porosity are first learnt and subsequently adopted by the GPs that relate strength and ductility to process parameters. Finally, an optimization scheme is devised that leverages these GPs to identify the processing parameters that maximize combinations of strength and ductility. By founding the learning on larger "easy-to-collect" and smaller "labor-intensive" data, we reduce the reliance on expensive characterization and enable exploration of a large processing space. Our approach is material-agnostic and herein we demonstrate its application on 17-4PH stainless steel. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Global positioning system

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Assessment of Stainless Steel Tubular T-joints Under Chord Sidewall Failure Mode by a Semi-analytical Formulation

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ce/papers 2022年第4期5卷 574-583页

作者： Nogueira, Mateus M. de Lima, Luciano R. O. da S. Vellasco, Pedro C. G. Young, Ben PGECIV - Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Program UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Structural Engineering Department UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

There are numerous benefits of tubular profiles that make them increasingly used in civil engineering. At the same time, stainless steel is a material with excellent properties and high corrosion resistance. However, stainless steel's high initial material cost has limited its use primarily to specialist and prestige applications, which makes it necessary to develop more accurate design rules for this material. When tubular profiles are used, it is necessary to assess the joint strengths, considering that they can fail by different mechanisms. The present work aims to develop a semi-analytical formulation to predict stainless steel tubular T-joint resistances. Joints with the brace-to-chord width ratio equal to 1 were considered in this study;therefore, the failure occurs in the chord sidewall. To assess the sidewall instability critical load, the exact stress fields were determined using Mathieu's theory, and then the Ritz energy method was applied. Considering that the joints are made of stainless steel, the next step is to transform the load found from linear to the non-linear regime. For that, a new formulation based on Ramberg-Osgood equations was developed. Finally, the results obtained from the proposed method were compared with the experimental results obtained by Feng and Young (2008) and the results from the main current standards and literature. It was observed that the proposed method presented satisfactory results, while the predictions from design codes were, in general, very conservative. © 2022 Ernst & Sohn GmbH.

关键词： Failure (mechanical)

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Influence of concrete compressive strength on the debonding failure of externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymers

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Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation 2021年第1期6卷 1-15页

作者： Garcez, Mônica Regina Rohden, Abrahão Bernardo Meneghetti, Leila Cristina Gravina, Rebecca Civil Engineering Post-Graduation Program: Construction and Infrastructure Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul Av. Osvaldo Aranha 99 7th floor room 706 Porto Alegre 90035-190 RS Brazil Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program Regional University of Blumenau Blumenau SC Brazil Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil Department of Civil and Infrastructure Engineering Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology Melbourne VIC Australia

This paper investigates the interactions between externally bonded FRP and high strength concrete substrate in small scale reinforced concrete beams strengthened with CFRP. The bond mechanism was assessed through beam-tests adapted from ASTM, designed to simulate normal and shear stresses induced at the FRP/concrete interface. The beams were 600 mm long, with a square 150 mm × 150 mm cross-section, two 5 mm steel reinforcing bars, 6.3 mm steel stirrups spaced 75 mm apart, one single layer of externally bonded CFRP, and concrete compressive strength of 30 MPa, 50 MPa, 80 MPa, or 90 MPa. The mechanisms of damage initiation and debonding propagation showed to be highly dependent on the load transferring and the stress redistribution after concrete cracking. The use of high concrete compressive strength affected the pre-cracking response, the stress transfer, and the overall ductility at failure, resulting in a less effective FRP strengthening scheme. For service conditions, the strains in the FRP were lower, the higher the concrete compressive strength. The FRP strains at failure were below the maximum strain level to avoid intermediate crack-induced debonding determined according to current design standards. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Beam test CFRP Compressive strength Concrete Debonding Intermediate crack

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Adsorption of common analgesics on secondary microplastics in treated wastewater 95

Adsorption of common analgesics on secondary microplastics i...

引用

95th Water Environment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference, WEFTEC 2022

作者： Sun, Yian Tseng, Linda Mast, Kristen Patel, Arya Carranza, Edith Tran, Vy Rosso, Diego Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California IrvineCA92697-2175 United States Water-Energy Nexus Center University of California IrvineCA92697-2175 United States Environmental Studies Program Department of Physics and Astronomy Colgate University HamiltonNY13346 United States Department of Chemistry Department of Physics and Astronomy Colgate University HamiltonNY13346 United States Department of Chemical Engineering University of California IrvineCA92697-2175 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713870586

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the adsorption of three commonly used and detected Acetaminophen (ACE), Ibuprofen (IBU) and Diclofenac (DCF) by secondary polypropylene (PP) microplastics in water. The results showed that microplastics in smaller size ranges adsorbed a higher level of pharmaceuticals. In addition, after the 7 days mixture, the sorption percentages of pharmaceuticals on PP microplastics were found to be 7.59% (DCF) and 51.9% (ACE), and reached equilibrium within 24 hours of contact. The results indicated the potential risks of PRP and SER for bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms via ingestion of the microplastics in aquatic environments. Copyright © 2022 Water Environment Federation.

关键词： Adsorption

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Towards Circular Economy in the Built Environment: Overcoming Obsolescence Via Building Adaptation

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Eliote, Guilherme Monteiro Leite, Fernanda Construction Engineering and Project Management Program Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering The University of Texas at Austin 301 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C1752 AustinTX78712-1094 United States Construction Engineering and Project Management Program Sustainable Systems Program Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering The University of Texas at Austin 301 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C1752 AustinTX78712-1094 United States

Every year, buildings undergo services of adaptation to account for changes in users’ needs, deterioration, code updates, among others. This process, also called building obsolescence, is inevitable and most of these buildings lack a proactive adaptation plan. New buildings, however, can be designed to be more resilient when dealing with obsolescence by leveraging circular economy principles. The understanding of building obsolescence is crucial since they are the triggers of a process of adaptation. Studies have investigated different types of building obsolescence but have not focused on specific causes. Through qualitative analysis of interviews, we identified challenges faced by Architecture, engineering, and Construction professionals in the building adaptation process. Recommendations to tackle these challenges were given, including the selection of durable materials, overdesign of key elements, design for disassembly, and use of modular systems. The research findings can help planners avoid common issues that harm the building adaptation process. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Obsolescence

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Biological methane production coupled with sulfur oxidation in a microbial electrosynthesis system without organic substrates

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2022年第6期34卷 68-78页

作者： Ha T.T.Dinh Hiromi Kambara Shuji Matsushita Yoshiteru Aoi Tomonori Kindaichi Noriatsu Ozaki Akiyoshi Ohashi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Advanced Science and EngineeringHiroshima University1-4-1KagamiyamaHigashihiroshimaHiroshima 739-8527Japan Faculty of Environment Ho Chi Minh City University of Natural Resources and Environment236 Le Van Sy1 WardTan Binh DistrictHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam Agricultural Technology Research Center Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute6869HaraHachihonmatsuHigashihiroshimaHiroshima 739-0151Japan Program of Biotechnology Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for LifeHiroshima University1-3-1KagamiyamaHigashihiroshimaHiroshima 739-8530Japan

Methane is produced in a microbial electrosynthesis system(MES) without organic substrates. However, a relatively high applied voltage is required for the bioelectrical *** this study, we demonstrated that electrotrophic methane production at the biocathode was achieved even at a very low voltage of 0.1 V in an MES, in which abiotic HS-oxidized to SO_(4)^(2-) at the anodic carbon-cloth surface coated with platinum powder. In addition, microbial community analysis revealed the most probable pathway for methane production from electrons. First, electrotrophic H_(2) was produced by syntrophic bacteria, such as Syntrophorhabdus, Syntrophobacter, Syntrophus, Leptolinea, and Aminicenantales, with the direct acceptance of electrons at the biocathode. Subsequently, most of the produced H_(2) was converted to acetate by homoacetogens, such as Clostridium and Spirochaeta 2. In conclusion,the majority of the methane was indirectly produced by a large population of acetoclastic methanogens, namely Methanosaeta, via acetate. Further, hydrogenotrophic methanogens,including Methanobacterium and Methanolinea, produced methane via H_(2).

关键词： Bioelectricity Homoacetogens Methane production Microbial electrosynthesis system Sulfur oxidation

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environmental health risks and impacts of PM_2.5 exposure on human health in residential areas, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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Toxicology Reports 2025年 14卷 101949页

作者： Abidin, Azham Umar Munawaroh, Anisful Lailil Rosinta, Aulia Sulistiyani, Arvi Tri Ardianta, Iwan Iresha, Fajri Mulya Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning Universitas Islam Indonesia Indonesia Department of Information and Medical Service Vocational School Applied Master's Program in Occupational Health and Safety Universitas Gadjah Mada Indonesia Department of Community Family and Occupational Medicine Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University Thailand Faculty of Medicine Universitas Islam Indonesia Indonesia Laboratory of Air Quality Department of Environmental Engineering Universitas Islam Indonesia Indonesia Laboratory of Solid and Hazardous Wastes Department of Environmental Engineering Universitas Islam Indonesia Indonesia

Air pollution, particularly PM2.5, significantly impacts public health in developing areas. This study evaluates PM2.5 exposure among residents and conducts a health risk assessment within the human community in Bantu... 详细信息

Air pollution, particularly PM_2.5, significantly impacts public health in developing areas. This study evaluates PM_2.5 exposure among residents and conducts a health risk assessment within the human community in Bantul Regency, Indonesia, utilizing a high-volume air sampler (HVAS) over 24 h in a residential area and interviewing 36 respondents. The findings of this study show that PM_2.5 concentrations varied from 50.7 to 61.9 μg/m³, exceeding the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) of 35 μg/m³. The risk hazard quotient (RQ) values of PM_2.5 were greater than 1, signifying considerable health risk. Epidemiological statistical analysis indicates a significant correlation (p-value < 0.05) between PM_2.5 exposure, health complaints, and respondent characteristics. Residents report health issues including cough, headache, eye irritation, breathlessness, and wheezing. The findings emphasize the imperative for more rigorous air quality standards and regulations, enhanced public awareness and education regarding preventive practices, and urban planning development strategies incorporating green infrastructure. These measures are crucial for alleviating health hazards and enhancing air quality in impacted areas. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： environmental health health impact health risk assessment PM2.5 exposure

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Ambiguity-Aware Multi-Object Pose Optimization for Visually-Assisted Robot Manipulation

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Jeon, Myung-Hwan Kim, Jeongyun Ryu, Jee-Hwan Kim, Ayoung Dept. of the Robotics Program KAIST Daejeon Korea Republic of Dept. of Mechanical Engineering SNU Seoul Korea Republic of Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering KAIST Daejeon Korea Republic of

—6D object pose estimation aims to infer the relative pose between the object and the camera using a single image or multiple images. Most works have focused on predicting the object pose without associated uncertainty under occlusion and structural ambiguity (symmetricity). However, these works demand prior information about shape attributes, and this condition is hardly satisfied in reality;even asymmetric objects may be symmetric under the viewpoint change. In addition, acquiring and fusing diverse sensor data is challenging when extending them to robotics applications. Tackling these limitations, we present an ambiguity-aware 6D object pose estimation network, PrimA6D++, as a generic uncertainty prediction method. The major challenges in pose estimation, such as occlusion and symmetry, can be handled in a generic manner based on the measured ambiguity of the prediction. Specifically, we devise a network to reconstruct the three rotation axis primitive images of a target object and predict the underlying uncertainty along each primitive axis. Leveraging the estimated uncertainty, we then optimize multi-object poses using visual measurements and camera poses by treating it as an object SLAM problem. The proposed method shows a significant performance improvement in T-LESS and YCB-Video datasets. We further demonstrate real-time scene recognition capability for visually-assisted robot manipulation. Our code and supplementary materials are available at https://***/rpmsnu/PrimA6D. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cameras

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Characterization of the Fatigue Behavior of Asphalt Binders, Fams, and Ac Mixtures Based on Multiscale Approaches and on the S-Vecd Model

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Osmari, Patrícia Hennig Leite, Leni Figueiredo Mathias do Nascimento, Luis Alberto Herrmann Espíndola, Rogério Pinto Aragão, Francisco Thiago Sacramento Department of Civil Environmental Aerospace and Material Engineering DICAM University of Palermo Palermo Italy Civil Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro21941-596 Brazil CENPES PETROBRAS Rio de Janeiro Brazil Civil Engineering Program NTT COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro21941-909 Brazil

This study investigates the relationship between the fatigue damage behavior of asphaltic material constituents based on experimental and analytical approaches. For that, asphalt binder fatigue characteristics were determined in a Dynamic Shear Rheometer, including the traditional Superpave parameter |G*|sinδ = 5000 kPa, the binder fatigue factor obtained from Linear Amplitude Sweep tests, and the Delta Tc. The asphalt concrete (AC) mixture was characterized in uniaxial tests of dynamic modulus and fatigue. Fine Aggregate Matrices (FAMs) were characterized in a uniaxial loading test that was implemented in a servo-hydraulic universal testing machine and the testing results were well correlated with the mechanical characteristics of the corresponding AC. A correlational assessment of various parameters obtained in the analysis of the materials in different scales was performed to identify the most promising that can be adopted for the prediction of the overall material behavior from the characteristics of its constituents. The fatigue parameters presented strong correlations across the different scales and the upscaling experimental equations proposed in this study showed a good predictive potential of the experimental data. The combination of linear viscoelastic and fatigue parameters was identified as a better option than the use of any of those separately to predict the fatigue behavior in a larger scale. It is expected that the proposed upscaling analysis methodologies and the identification of relationships among the asphalt composite scales investigated in this study will contribute for the enhancement of fatigue multiscale frameworks and promote the generation of durable asphaltic materials and flexible pavement structures. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fatigue of materials

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