One fundamental issue in developing collaborative engineeringsystems is the representation of product information which supports communication and coordination. This product information includes not only the geometri...
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作者：
OSTENDORF, DWMOYER, EEXIE, YFRAJAN, RVDavid W. Ostendorf (Civil Engineering Department
University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is an associate professor in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. His research interests include unconfined aquifer contamination hazardous waste site remediation and analytical modeling of problems in environmental fluid mechanics. Ostendorf is a Registered Professional Engineer in Massachusetts and a member of the American Geophysical Union American Society of Civil Engineers Soil Science Society of America Water Pollution Control Federation and Association of Environmental Engineering Professors as well as the National Ground Water Association. Ellen E. Moyer (Civil Engineering Department
University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is a doctoral candidate in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst with an M.S. degree in environmental engineering from that institution. Her research interests include subsurface investigation soil venting bioremediation and analytical modeling of subsurface contamination. She has six years of professional experience managing hazardous waste site investigation and cleanup projects and is a member of the National Ground Water Association and the American Society of Civil Engineers. Yuefeng Xie (Civil Engineering Department
University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is a postdoctoral research associate in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. His research interests include environmental analyses drinking water treatment and the chemical characterization and removal of disinfection by-products. A graduate with a Ph.D. and an M.S. in environmental engineering and a B.S. in chemistry and chemical engineeering from Tsinghua University Beijing China Xie is a member of the American Water Works Association and the Water Poll
The diffusion of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP) and 2,2,5-trimethylhexane (TMH) vapors out of residually contaminated sandy soil from the U.S. environmental Protection Agency (EPA) field research site at Traverse City, ...
The diffusion of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP) and 2,2,5-trimethylhexane (TMH) vapors out of residually contaminated sandy soil from the U.S. environmental Protection Agency (EPA) field research site at Traverse City, Michigan, was measured and modeled. The headspace of an intact core sleeve sample was swept with nitrogen gas to simulate the diffusive release of hydrocarbon vapors from residual aviation gasoline in and immediately above the capillary fringe to a soil-venting air flow in the unsaturated zone. The resulting steady-state profile was modeled using existing diffusivity and air porosity estimates in a balance of diffusive flux and a first order source term. The source strength, which was calibrated with the observed flux of 2,2,4-TMP leaving the sleeve, varied with the residual gasoline remaining in the core, but was independent of the headspace sweep flow rate. This finding suggested that lower soil-venting air flow rates were in principle as effective as higher air flow rates in venting LNAPL vapors from contaminated soils. The saturated vapor concentration ratio of 2,2,4-TMP to 2,2,5-TMH decreased from 6.6 to 3.5 over the duration of the experiments in an expression of distillation effects. The vertical profile model was tested against sample port data in four separate experiments for both species, yielding mean errors ranging from 0 to -24 percent in magnitude.
作者：
ROSS, DLLauren Ross is an engineer and consultant on environmental and statistical projects. She has a B.S.
M.S. and Ph.D. in civil engineering. Dr. Ross has 15 years of engineering experience particularly in the design of ground water monitoring systems data analysis computer modeling and computer program development. She has also worked on non-point source pollution assessment for storm water runoff. In addition to industry and governmental clients Dr. Ross provides engineering consulting to environmental groups including Save Barton Creek Association and the SOS Coalition in Austin Texas.
SAR signals over a small catchment are qualitatively evaluated using the data collected in a multi-sensor airborne campaign. Results are used to address the problems in relation to soil moisture estimation. It is foun...
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SAR signals over a small catchment are qualitatively evaluated using the data collected in a multi-sensor airborne campaign. Results are used to address the problems in relation to soil moisture estimation. It is found that a short grass canopy does not have a significant effect on the SAR echoes. Polarization ratios may not be adequate for soil moisture retrieval purposes.< >
作者：
NYER, EKEvan K. Nyer is an expert in the research and application of technology to ground water cleanup. As vice president with Geraghty & Miller Inc. (14497 N. Dale Mabry Hwy.
Ste. 115 Tampa FL 33618) he is reponsible for engineering services including hazardous and solid waste management environmental and natural resource management remediation activities and designing treatment systems for contaminated sites throughout the United States and in foreign countries. He has designed more than 100 ground water treatment systems. He is a member of the Water Pollution Control Federation the National Ground Water Association the American Institute of Chemical Engineers and the American Society of Civil Engineers.
作者：
NYER, EKSUTHERSAN, SSEvan K. Nyer is an expert in the research and application of technology to ground water cleanup. As vice president of technical resources with Geraghty & Miller Inc. (1099–18th St.
Ste. 2100 Denver CO 80202) he is responsible for maintaining and expanding Geraghty & Miller's technical expertise in geology/hydrogeology engineering modeling risk assessment bioremediation and many other areas. He also provides expertise in engineering services including the design of treatment systems for contaminated water sites throughout the United States. He has designed and installed more than 100 ground water and soil remediation systems. He is a member of the Water Pollution Control Federation the National Ground Water Association the American Institute of Chemical Engineers and the American Society of Civil Engineers. Suthan S. Suthersan
Ph.D. P.E. is a vice president and director of remediation engineering at Geraghty & Miller Inc. He has 15 years of experience as an environmental engineer and specializes in developing and implementing innovative remediation technologies. His responsibilities include technical oversight on many remediation projects involving various contaminants under varying geological hydrogeologic conditions.
作者：
MARLEY, MCHAZEBROUCK, DJWALSH, MTMichael Marley is the vice president of technology and a principal at VAPEX (Vapex Environmental Technologies Inc.
480 Neponset St. Canton MA 02021). He has a bachelor's degree from Queens University (Belfast Northern Ireland) and a master's degree from the University of Connecticut both in civil engineering. Marley is completing work on his Ph.D. dissertation at the University of Connecticut on the development and application of airflow models in the design of soil and ground water remediation systems. He has more than 13 years of related experience has lectured nationally on the design and implementation of soil-vapor extraction systems and complimentary technologies and has authored numerous technical papers. David Hazebrouck is currently a project manager at VAPEX (Vapex Environmental Technologies Inc.
480 Neponset St. Canton MA 02021). He has a bachelor's degree in geology from the University of Rhode Island. Hazebrouck has more than seven years experience in hydrogeological studies hazardous waste site assessments and the design and implementation of ground water and soils remediation systems. With VAPEX he is responsible for project management activities associated with soil-vapor extraction and air-sparging field pilot tests regulatory negotiationsand full-scale soil-vapor extraction and air-sparging systems design
installation and operation.
Vapor extraction (soil venting) has been demonstrated to be a successful and cost-effective remediation technology for removing VOCs from the vadose (unsaturated) zone. However, in many cases, seasonal water table flu...
Vapor extraction (soil venting) has been demonstrated to be a successful and cost-effective remediation technology for removing VOCs from the vadose (unsaturated) zone. However, in many cases, seasonal water table fluctuations, drawdown associated with pump-and-treat remediation techniques, and spills involving dense, non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLS) create contaminated soil below the water table. Vapor extraction alone is not considered to be an optimal remediation technology to address this type of contamination. An innovative approach to saturated zone remediation is the use of sparging (injection) wells to inject a hydrocarbon-free gaseous medium (typically air) into the saturated zone below the areas of contamination. The contaminants dissolved in the ground water and sorbed onto soil particles partition into the advective air phase, effectively simulating an in situ air-stripping system. The stripped contaminants are transported in the gas phase to the vadose zone, within the radius of influence of a vapor extraction and vapor treatment system. In situ air sparging is a complex multifluid phase process, which has been applied successfully in Europe since the mid-1980s. To date, site-specific pilot tests have been used to design air-sparging systems. Research is currently underway to develop better engineering design methodologies for the process. Major design parameters to be considered include contaminant type, gas injection pressures and flow rates, site geology, bubble size, injection interval (areal and vertical) and the equipment specifications. Correct design and operation of this technology has been demonstrated to achieve ground water cleanup of VOC contamination to low part-per-billion levels.
作者：
BANTON, OLAFRANCE, PMARTEL, RVILLENEUVE, JPOlivier Banton (National Institute for Water Sciences Research
INRS-Eau Université du Québec CP 7500 Sainte-Foy Quebec Canada G1V4C7) received his B.Sc. (Licence) in geology (1979) from the Université de Montpellier (France) his M.Sc. (DEA) in soil sciences (1981) from the Ecole d'Agronomie de Montpellier
and his Ph.D. in hydrogeology (1985) from the Universités de La Reunion and de Montpellier. Professor Banton has taught and carried out research in ground water protection modeling at the INRS-Eau Université du Québec since 1986 principally in the area of water and solute transport modeling through soils. Pierre Lafrance is a professor at INRS-Eau
Université du Québec. He received his B.Sc. degree in chemistry from the Université du Québec à Montréal (1977) his M.Sc. degree in environmental engineering (1979) from the Ecole Poly technique (Montréal) and his Doctorat d'Etat in chemical engineering (1985) from the Université de Limoges (France). His research areas concern experimental and modeling studies of the fate of organic contaminants in ground water with emphasis on attenuation processes in agricultural soils. Ecosystèmes urbains
Quebec Quebec Canada G1S 2L4) holds a B.Sc. in geological engineering (1983) and an M.S. in hydrogeology (1986) from the Université Laval (Québec). Since 1986 he has worked for the Quebec Ministry of the Environment on hazardous waste site characterization and restoration. He is also involved in ground water monitoring and chemical transport in the vadose zone and ground water. He is completing a Ph.D. on the development of an aqueous solution to solubilize DNAPL at residual saturation in contaminated aquifers. Jean-Pierre Villeneuve received his B.Sc. in civil engineering (1963) from the Université Laval (Québec)
and his Ph.D. in hydrology (1966) from the Université de Toulouse (France). A professor at the INRS-Eau Université du Québec since 1970 he is interested in the mathematical analysis of surface water and ground water systems.
Soil-pore water sampling by suction lysimeters monitors the fate of soil contaminants as a function of depth and time. However, sampling campaigns must be planned to most effectively monitor the migration of contamina...
Soil-pore water sampling by suction lysimeters monitors the fate of soil contaminants as a function of depth and time. However, sampling campaigns must be planned to most effectively monitor the migration of contaminants with a minimum expenditure of resources. The vertical migration of pesticides was studied at two sites treated with systemic s-triazine herbicides and equipped with suction lysimeters. The measured concentrations were compared with those calculated by a simulation model. This modeling was based on the processes that control the transport and fate of pesticide within the soil. The usefulness of such a tool was demonstrated by the good approximation obtained for pesticide concentrations and arrival times. Moreover, the significant spatial variability of concentrations observed justifies the use of a stochastic approach in modeling that takes into account the spatial variability of soil parameters. Also, the rapid transformation of herbicides observed in unsaturated soil zones demonstrates the importance of taking into account the sum of the toxic residues when evaluating the fate of s-triazines in soil.
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