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10th European Conference on Precision Livestock Farming, ECPLF 2022

作者： Codling, J.R. Dong, Y. Bonde, A. Bannis, A. Macon, A. Rohrer, G. Miles, J. Sharma, S. Brown-Brandl, T. Noh, H.Y. Zhang, P. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University–Silicon Valley Moffet FieldCA United States Biological Systems Engineering Department University of Nebraska–Lincoln LincolnNE United States USDA-ARS U.S. Meat Animal Research Center Clay Center NE United States

ISBN: (纸本)9788396536006

Automated monitoring of sow welfare and behaviors is a crucial tool in precision swine farming, giving farmers access to continuous streams of sow health information. Monitoring the activity of the sows helps farmers detect stress, sickness and signs of farrowing, which enables the farmers to provide timely care. Prior work in swine monitoring frequently uses video cameras, which have lighting and large storage and processing requirements. Alternatively, other work has used wearable sensors, which have limited longevity due to durability and battery requirements and suffer from scalability challenges due to the need for individual sensors worn by each sow. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of geophone sensors mounted under the floor that measure the structural vibration of a farrowing pen to determine posture changes and animal feeding activity. A total of 6 farrowing/lactating sows and litters have been used in these studies. The data were collected from a minimum of 3 days before farrowing to approximately 25 days post-farrow. Up to five geophones were used for activity classification. Machine learning classification methods are used to detect the position and feeding activity of the sow and her piglets, including tree classifiers and principal component analysis. Accuracies of over 95% were achieved in sow posture and feeding activity classification, indicating the potential of monitoring ground vibration as a source of health information. © ECPLF 2022. All rights reserved.

关键词： Feeding

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Analysis of failure rate and time of water pipes failure removal 31st

Analysis of failure rate and time of water pipes failure rem...

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31st European Safety and Reliability Conference, ESREL 2021

作者： Pietrucha-Urbanik, Katarzyna Tchórzewska-Cieślak, Barbara Rzeszow University of Technology Faculty of Civil Environmental Engineering and Architecture Department of Water Supply and Sewerage Systems Al. Powstancow Warszawy 6 Rzeszow35-959 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9789811820168

The water supply system operation should be characterized by low operating cost and high operational reliability. The water supply system reliability involves operation with proper conditions so as to guarantee water supply to the recipients. The assessment of the reliability of the water supply system is considered in terms of ensuring the required pressure and the required water quality and at any time convenient to the water recipients. For this reason, the analysis of water supply network failure and related issues is an important issue in assessing the proper functioning of the water supply system. In this work, the analysis of selected factors influencing the failure removal time of water pipes on the example of the water supply system in the south of Poland was presented. The analysis of failure removal time was performed for the following factors: water pipe functions, water pipe material and diameter, type of water supply network, failure and season. The analysis was based on the real operation data obtained from the water company. The presented analysis of the failure removal time in terms of cost of planned maintenance is an important issue which will allow for failure prediction and the initial estimation of the costs of failure removal, which in turn, will allow for a long-term budget planning in water companies. © ESREL 2021. Published by Research Publishing, Singapore.

关键词： Failure (mechanical)

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Insight into the promotion mechanism of activated carbon on the monolithic honeycomb red mud catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x)

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2021年第5期15卷 177-186页

作者： Qiuzhun Chen Xiang Zhang Bing Li Shengli Niu Gaiju Zhao Dong Wang Yue Peng Junhua Li Chunmei Lu John Crittenden National Engineering Laboratory for Coal-Burning Pollutants Emission Reduction School of Energy and Power EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan250061China Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology828 West Peachtree StreetAtlantaGA30332USA State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control National Engineering Laboratory for Multi Flue Gas Pollution Control Technology and EquipmentSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Energy Institute Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250013China

Our previous study proved that the acid-pretreatment process could efficiently activate red mud(RM)for the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)of NO_(x).However,in terms of the molding process,which is the key step determining whether it can be applied in large-scale industrial,the surface acidity and reducibility of catalyst always decreased dramatically,and part of surface area and pore structure were *** this study,we prepared monolithic honeycomb red mud(MHRM)catalysts with activated carbon(AC)as an accelerant and investigated the effect of AC on the *** results showed that the MHRM with 3 wt.%of AC(MHRM-AC3)exhibited the best SCR performance,and kept more than 80%NO_(x)conversion in the range of 325℃–400℃.Compared with the MHRM,MHRM-AC1,and HMRM-AC5,the MHRM-AC3 has more mesoporous and macroporous structures,which can provide more adsorption active *** AC significantly improved NH3 adsorption and surface reducibility,which was mainly due to the increase of the surface acid sites(especially the Brönsted acid sites),the concentration of Fe(II),and the surface adsorbed *** presence of more Fe(Ⅱ)enriched the surface oxygen vacancies,as well as the surface adsorbed oxygen,due to the charge imbalance and unsaturated chemical *** surface adsorbed oxygen exhibited more active than lattice oxygen owing to its higher mobility,which was conducive to NO_(x)reduction in the SCR reaction.

关键词： Selective catalytic reduction Iron-based catalyst Red mud Monolithic catalyst Activated carbon

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An Implementation Pathway for Price Formation Mechanisms in Local Electricity Markets

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： van de Water, Pepijn Ronald Doumen, Sjoerd C. Campfens, Jair K.E.K. Wieczorek, Anna J. Nguyen, Phuong H. Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology PO Box 513 Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands ENTRNCE International Koningstraat 28-1 Arnhem6811 DG Netherlands School of Industrial Engineering & Innovation Sciences Eindhoven University of Technology PO Box 513 Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands Laboratory for Human Environment Relations in Urban Systems Institute of Environmental Engineering School of Architecture Civil and Environmental Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne LausanneCH-1015 Switzerland

The European Union has been at the forefront of setting out the transition to a sustainable future, in which it is emphasized that consumers can become prosumers through the self-generation of renewable energy, participating in energy communities, or even Local Electricity Markets (LEMs). There has been much research on the potential of LEMs in controlled environments, like simulations and pilots. However, LEMs have yet to be widely deployed in real-life environments. The objective of this paper is to determine how three price formation mechanisms, system-determined, auction-based, and negotiation-based, can be mapped to a LEM implementation pathway, considering concrete indicators, alignment with stakeholder preferences and responsiveness to LEM market conditions. The methodology considers the alignment with stakeholder preferences by applying Multi-Criteria Mapping, which maps the perspective of the system operators, public sector, market sector, cooperative sector, and academic sector. Analysis of the perspectives indicates that the preference varies between the auction-based and system-determined mechanisms. Both mechanisms allow for fair and transparent price formation, while system-determined mechanisms are also conceptually simplistic. However, the stakeholders raise concerns relating to the operation of the mechanisms in LEMs with market power and low liquidity market conditions. In the simulation of a real-life case study, the performance of the three different price formation mechanisms is analyzed to quantify implementation pathway indicators identified in the Multi-Criteria Mapping. The Market Concentration index and the number of transactions per clearing interval are relevant indicators. Finally, the Multi-Criteria Mapping stakeholder preferences and criteria and the simulation results were combined to create an implementation pathway for LEMs. The pathway consists of four phases, which function as a framework for the ultimate large-scale deployment of

关键词： Mapping

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Flexural Performance Enhancement of Modified Gypsum-Based Composite Boards Through Basalt Fiber Braids

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Li, Zhenxing Wang, Xin Wijeyewickrema, Anil C. Wu, Zhishen Key Laboratory of C & PC Structures Ministry of Education Southeast University Nanjing210096 China National and Local Unified Engineering Research Center for Basalt Fiber Production and Application Technology International Institute for Urban Systems Engineering Southeast University Nanjing211189 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo152-8552 Japan Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Naresuan University Phitsanulok65000 Thailand

In conventional fiber-reinforced gypsum boards, while the integration of fibers curtails crack propagation and moderately escalates the flexural strength, the phenomenon of strain-softening is inevitably induced, which restricts the wider application of gypsum boards. The study primarily focuses on evaluating the influence of basalt fiber (BF) braids on the flexural performance of fiber-reinforced gypsum matrix composite boards. The investigation considers factors such as the type of gypsum matrix, the number of BF braid layers, and the placement of fibers. During the experimental procedure, the failure modes of various structural gypsum boards were observed, and comparisons were made regarding the changes in flexural stress-strain behavior, ultimate flexural stress, and displacement. Moreover, a reasonable explanation of the entire stress process was provided based on the internal force of the gypsum boards. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is conducted to examine the variations in ductility coefficients among different structural configurations of gypsum boards. The research results indicate that the combined action of fibers and BF braids effectively restricts the development of cracks, preventing a sudden decrease in stress during the growth stage. Additionally, BF braids fulfill their role, ensuring stress strengthening occurs within the gypsum board. Furthermore, the configuration of modified gypsum with fibers and two layers of BF braids (MG-BF-B-L2) exhibits the most significant improvement in flexural performance. Compared to modified gypsum group (MG), the ultimate flexural stress, entire ductility, and post-peak ductility have increased to 3.39 times, 7.66 times, and 1.58 times, respectively. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gypsum

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Removal of Trace Organic Compounds in Anaerobically Digested Sludge by Ultrasonic Treatment

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Ciotola, Enrica Koch, Konrad Sottorff, Ignacio Esposito, Giovanni Cesaro, Alessandra Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering University of Napoli Federico II via Claudio 21 Napoli80125 Italy Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering Technical University of Munich Am Coulombwall 3 Garching85748 Germany Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology University of Bonn Nussallee 6 BonnD-53115 Germany

Anaerobically digested sludge (ADS) represents a valuable source of nutrients for recovery within a circular economy framework. However, the presence of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) in ADS raises concern about its safe reuse. This study is the first to investigate the application of low-frequency ultrasound (US) technology specifically for TrOC reduction in ADS. TrOCs were selected based on their inclusion in the latest revision of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive and their actual detected concentrations in real sludge samples. High-intensity US treatment, with energy inputs ranging from 140 to 340 kJ/L, achieved up to 59% reduction of TrOCs in the biosolid fraction. This reduction was accompanied by an increase in TrOC concentrations in the supernatant, enhancing their availability for further degradation. Sonochemical degradation was verified through experiments conducted at maximum intensity in spiked water solutions, where the formation of transformation products was observed. The extent of mass transfer from the solid to the liquid phase was primarily influenced by the initial TrOC concentration and the digestate’s stability, with more stable digestates exhibiting higher TrOC degradation. Overall, this study provides new insights into the potential of US process as a green technology for ADS valorization, promoting both enhanced contaminant removal and improved nutrient recovery for sustainable sludge management. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wastewater reclamation

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Innovative Technologies and Implementation Strategies for Sustainable Irrigation Infrastructure in Nigeria: A civil engineering Perspective

Innovative Technologies and Implementation Strategies for Su...

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IEEE International Conference on Emerging & Sustainable Technologies for Power & ICT in a Developing Society (NIGERCON)

作者： Oluwadare Joshua Oyebode Olumayowa Joseph Iyanda Sunday Apeh Sunday Adeniran Afolalu Samuel-Soma M. Ajibade Kazeem Oyeyemi Oyebode Funmilayo Adeola Oyebode Kayode Oluwafemi Olowe Olatunji Peter Folorunso Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Agricultural Sciences College of Sciences Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Computing and Information Systems School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Malaysia Department of Computing School of Science and Technology Pan-Atlantic University Lagos Nigeria Ondo State Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency Alagbaka Akure Ondo State Nigeria Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering Afe-Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Department of Civil Engineering Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

ISBN: (数字)9798331542559

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542566

Innovative technologies with adequate implementation strategies are essential in Nigeria as Irrigation agriculture accounts for 70% of water use worldwide and irrigation farming in most nations of the World. This paper explores the crucial role of civil engineers in the deployment of innovative strategies and implementation of sustainable irrigation infrastructure in Nigeria. Irrigation systems are currently facing serious challenges due to growing scarcity and competition for water. The methodology includes literature reviews and case studies. Various innovative technologies and implementation strategies were highlighted for sustainable irrigation infrastructure in Nigeria. Remote sensing encompasses satellite imagery, aerial photography, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to collect data on crop conditions, soil moisture, and water availability. It was discovered that the implementation of sustainable irrigation infrastructure is of paramount importance for Nigeria’s agricultural development, food security, and overall economic growth. The significance of sustainable irrigation infrastructure, innovative technologies and strategies can be employed by civil engineers and other professionals to address these challenges. civil engineers possess the expertise, knowledge, and skills to design, implement, and manage sustainable irrigation infrastructure projects. Technological innovations, policy and governance, financing and investment, case studies, and community engagement can be used to achieve sustainable irrigation infrastructure.

关键词： Economics Irrigation Technological innovation Soil moisture Food security Satellite images Stakeholders Water resources Systematic literature review Resilience

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Model Assessment of Energy Recovery Potential from Textile Wastewater by High-Rate Membrane Activated Sludge Process - Benchmarking Against Sewage

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kabdaşlı, Işık Sözen, Seval Çokgör, Emine Ubay Orhon, Derin Environmental Engineering Department Civil Engineering Faculty İstanbul Technical University Ayazağa Campus Sarıyer İstanbul34469 Turkey ENVIS Energy and Environmental Systems Research and Development Ltd. ITU ARI Technocity Sarıyer İstanbul34469 Turkey The Science Academy Beşiktaş İstanbul34349 Turkey

The study evaluated the energy recovery potential of denim processing wastewater when treated by a membrane activated sludge, (MAS), implementing a specific model derived for this configuration. Emphasis was also placed upon particle size distribution (PSD) analysis. The results were benchmarked against sewage. They revealed an energy conservation rate of around 50% for denim wastewater for super-fast operation at sludge age (qX) 1.0-2.0 d, declining to 40% for high-rate operation at sludge age 3.0-4.0 d. The corresponding rates were higher for sewage, indicated that energy conservation was not a function of wastewater strength, but depended more on the PSD of COD. The results indicated that MAS was the best option for energy conservation, which was optimized when it was operated at super-fast mode (qX © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Effluents

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Reinforcement learning in transportation research: Frontiers and future directions

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Multimodal Transportation 2024年第4期3卷

作者： Lai, Xiongfei Yang, Zhenyu Xie, Jiaohong Liu, Yang Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore Urban Transport Systems Laboratory (LUTS) Ecole Polytechnique F´ed´erale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland

The development of reinforcement learning (RL) provides innovative solutions for various decision-making problems in transportation, often pertaining to integrating advanced vehicular technologies such as connected and autonomous vehicles and electric vehicles. This paper reviews transportation research with RL-based methods over the recent decades. We start with a bibliometric analysis through extensive literature retrieval of 1030 papers from 1996 to 2023. We identify different research areas of RL in transportation, summarizing the most visited research problems. We find that, at the vehicle level, motion and route planning and energy-efficient driving problems have attracted the most attention. Meanwhile, adaptive traffic signal control and management have been the most visited problems at the network level. We discuss several potential future directions, including the migration of RL models from simulations to real-world cases, designing tailored control architectures for complex transportation systems, exploring explainable RL in transportation research to ensure transparency and accountability in decision-making processes, and integrating people and vehicles into transportation systems in a sustainable and equitable manner. © 2024

关键词： Emerging technologies Future applications Literature review Reinforcement learning Transportation research frontiers

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Occupant Privacy Perception, Awareness, and Preferences in Smart Office Environments

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Li, Beatrice Tavakoli, Arash Heydarian, Arsalan Department of Engineering Systems and Environment University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States

Building management systems tout numerous benefits, such as energy efficiency and occupant comfort but rely on vast amounts of data from various sensors. Advancements in machine learning algorithms make it possible to extract personal information about occupants and their activities beyond the intended design of a non-intrusive sensor. However, occupants are not informed of data collection and possess different privacy preferences and thresholds for privacy loss. While privacy perceptions and preferences are most understood in smart homes, limited studies have evaluated these factors in smart office buildings, where there are more users and different privacy risks. To better understand occupants' perceptions and privacy preferences, we conducted twenty-four semi-structured interviews between April 2022 and May 2022 on occupants of a smart office building. We found that data modality features and personal features contribute to people's privacy preferences. The features of the collected modality define data modality features - spatial, security, and temporal context. In contrast, personal features consist of one's awareness of data modality features and data inferences, definitions of privacy and security, and the available rewards and utility. Our proposed model of people's privacy preferences in smart office buildings helps design more effective measures to improve people's privacy. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Office buildings

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