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IEEE International Conference on information Reuse and Integration (IRI)

作者： Kasturi Chatterjee Shu-Ching Chen Distributed Multimedia Information Systems Laboratory School of Computing and Information Sciences Florida International University Miami FL USA

Multimedia data, especially videos, have gained enormous popularity in the recent years. Data management techniques for traditional text-based data are inadequate to handle multimedia data efficiently due to their atypical characteristics. Thus, to have a robust data management framework for complex multimedia data like videos, comparable in efficiency and capability to the traditional data management approaches, components like multimedia data storage, index, and query engines need to be developed with dedicated abilities to handle the characteristics of multimedia data like multidimensional representation and semantic gap. In this paper, we investigate the design of the second component, i.e., a multimedia index, and propose a novel tree-based multidimensional hierarchical index structure called Hierarchical Affinity Hybrid-Tree (HAH-Tree) which addresses the critical issues of multidimensionality and semantic gap. The index structure accommodates different levels of video relationships during Content-Based Video Retrieval (CBVR) by utilizing a probabilistic approach called the Hierarchical Markov Model Mediator (HMMM), which is also responsible for managing the high-level semantic content of the video components. In addition, a computationally efficient k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) algorithm is proposed, which supports CBVR for different video units with a high precision level.

关键词： Videos Indexes Multimedia communication Streaming media Distance measurement Indexing Feature extraction

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Achieving both high precision and high recall in near-duplicate detection

Achieving both high precision and high recall in near-duplic...

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17th ACM Conference on information and Knowledge Management, CIKM'08

作者： Huang, Lian'en Wang, Lei Li, Xiaoming Institute of Network Computing and Distributed Systems Peking University Beijing 100871 China Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Peking University Beijing 100871 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781595939913

To find near-duplicate documents, fingerprint-based para-digms such as Broder's shingling and Charikar's simhash algorithms have been recognized as effective approaches and are considered the state-of-the-art. Nevertheless, we see two aspects of these approaches which may be improved. First, high score under these algorithms' similarity measurement implies high probability of similarity between documents, which is different from high similarity of the documents. But how similar two documents are is what we really need to know. Second, there has to be a tradeoff between hash-code length and hash-code multiplicity in fingerprint paradigms, which makes it hard to maintain a satisfactory recall level while improving precision. In this paper our contributions are two-folded. First, we propose a framework for implementing the longest common subsequence (LCS) as a similarity measurement in reason-able computing time, which leads to both high precision and recall. Second, we present an algorithm to get a trustable partition from the LCS to reduce the negative impact from templates used in web page design. A comprehensive exper-iment was conducted to evaluate our method in terms of its effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of result. More specifi-cally, the method has been successfully used to partition a set of 430 million web pages into 68 million subsets of simi-lar pages, which demonstrates its effectiveness. For quality, we compared our method with simhash and a Cosine-based method through a sampling process (Cosine is compared to LCS as an alternative similarity measurement). The result showed that our algorithm reached an overall precision of 0.95 while simhash was 0.71 and Cosine was 0.82. At the same time our method obtains 1.86 times as much recall as simhash and 1.56 times as much recall as Cosine. Compar-ison experiment was also done for documents in the same web sites. For that, our algorithm, simhash and Cosine find almost the same number of true-positives at

关键词： Websites

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The SISO CSPI PDG standard for COTS simulation package interoperability reference models

The SISO CSPI PDG standard for COTS simulation package inter...

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SISO European Simulation Interoperability Workshop, EURO SIW 2008

作者： Taylor, Simon J.E. Strassburger, Steffen Turner, Stephen J. School of Information Systems Computing and Mathematics Brunel University Uxbridge Middx UB8 3PH United Kingdom School of Economic Sciences Ilmenau University of Technology Helmholtzplatz 98693 Ilmenau Germany Parallel and Distributed Computing Centre School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781605602004

Discrete-event simulation is used to analyze production and logistics problems in many areas such as commerce, defense, health, manufacturing and logistics. Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) Simulation Packages (CSPs) are black box visual interactive modelling environments that support the development of such simulations. These include CSPs such as Arena™, Anylogic™, Flexsim™, Simul8™, Witness™, etc. There have been various attempts to create distributed simulations with these CSPs and their tools, some with the High Level Architecture (HLA). These are complex and it is quite difficult to assess how a set of model/CSPs are actually interoperating. As the first in a series of standards aimed at standardizing how the HLA is used to support CSP-based distributed simulations, the Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization's (SISO) CSP Interoperability Product Development Group (CSPI PDG) has developed and standardized a set of Interoperability Reference Models (IRM) that are intended to clearly identify the interoperability capabilities of CSP-based distributed simulations. This paper presents the standard and summarizes the current activities of the PDG.

关键词： Discrete event simulation

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Advanced QoS methods for Grid workflows based on meta-negotiations and SLA-mappings

Advanced QoS methods for Grid workflows based on meta-negoti...

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Workshop on Workflows in Support of Large-Scale Science, WORKS

作者： Ivona Brandic Dejan Music Schahram Dustdar Srikumar Venugopal Rajkumar Buyya Institute of Information Systems University of Technology Vienna Austria Grid Computing and Distributed System (GRIDS) Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne Australia

In novel market-oriented resource sharing models, resource consumers pay for the resource usage and expect that non-functional requirements for the application execution, termed as quality of service (QoS), are satisfied. QoS is negotiated between two parties following the specific negotiation protocols and is recorded using service level agreements (SLAs). However, most of the existing work assumes that the communication partners know about the SLA negotiation protocols and about the SLA templates before entering the negotiation. However, this is a contradictory assumption, if we consider computational grids and novel, commercially oriented computing clouds where consumers and providers meet each other dynamically. In this paper, we present novel meta-negotiation and SLA-mapping solutions for grid workflows bridging the gap between current QoS models and grid workflows, one of the most successful grid programming paradigms. We illustrate the open research issues with a real world case study. Thereafter, we present document models for the specification of meta-negotiations and SLA-mappings. We discuss the architecture for the management of meta-negotiations and SLA-mappings as well as integration of the architecture into a grid workflow management framework.

关键词： Quality of service Protocols Grid computing cloud computing Resource management information systems Laboratories Computer science Software engineering Application software

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HybridExploration: A distributed approach to terrain exploration using mobile and fixed sensor nodes

HybridExploration: A distributed approach to terrain explora...

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2008 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems

作者： Ettore Ferranti Niki Trigoni Mark Levene Computing Laboratory University of Oxford Oxford UK School of Computer Science and Information Systems Birkbeck College University of London UK

ISBN: (纸本)9781424420575

When an emergency occurs within a building, it may be initially safer to send autonomous mobile nodes, instead of human responders, to explore the area and identify hazards and victims. Exploring all the area in the minimum amount of time and reporting back interesting findings to the human personnel outside the building is an essential part of rescue operations. Our assumptions are that the area map is unknown, there is no existing network infrastructure, long-range wireless communication is unreliable and nodes are not location-aware. We take into account these limitations, and propose a novel algorithm, HybridExploration, that makes use of both mobile nodes (robots, called agents) and stationary nodes (inexpensive smart devices, called tags). As agents enter the emergency area, they sprinkle tags within the space to label the environment with states. By reading and updating the state of the local tags, agents are able to coordinate indirectly with each other, without relying on direct agent-to-agent communication. In addition, tags wirelessly exchange local information with nearby tags to further assist agents in their exploration task. Our simulation results show that the proposed algorithm, which exploits both tag-to-tag and agent-to-tag communication, outperforms previous algorithms that rely only on agent-to-tag communication.

关键词： Protocols Robot sensing systems Buildings Humans Navigation Wireless sensor networks Government

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Guidelines for commercial off-the-shelf Simulation Package interoperability 08

Guidelines for commercial off-the-shelf Simulation Package i...

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Simulation Winter Conference

作者： Simon J.E. Taylor Stephen J. Turner Steffen Strassburger Centre for Applied Simulation Modelling School of Information Systems Computing & Maths Brunei University Uxbridge Middlesex UK Parallel & Distributed Computing Centre School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Economic Sciences Technical University Ilmenau Ilmenau Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424427086

Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) Simulation Packages (CSPs) are widely used visual interactive modeling environments such as Arena™, Anylogic™, Flexsim™, Simul8™, Witness™, etc. CSP Interoperability (or distributed simulation) is a technique that allows a simulation to be executed over several computers or for several simulations running on different computers to run together. This also relates to simulation languages such as SLX™ and GPSS/H™. There have been various attempts to interoperate these CSPs, some with the IEEE 1516 high level architecture (HLA). These can be quite complex and it is easy to loose track of exactly what is occurring between interoperating CSPs and their models. This paper introduces a set of interoperability reference models (IRMs), or design patters for CSP Interoperability, that can be used as guidelines to simplify the interoperability process.

关键词： Guidelines Computational modeling Computer simulation Discrete event simulation distributed computing Chip scale packaging Production facilities Concurrent computing Computer architecture Logistics

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A general and scalable solution for heterogeneous workflow invocation and nesting

A general and scalable solution for heterogeneous workflow i...

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Workshop on Workflows in Support of Large-Scale Science, WORKS

作者： Tamas Kukla Tamas Kiss Gabor Terstyanszky Peter Kacsuk Centre for Parallel Computing School of Informatics University of Westminster London UK Laboratory of the Parallel and Distributed Systems Computer and Automation Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI) Budapest Hungary

Several widely utilized, grid workflow management systems emerged in the last decade. These systems were developed by different scientific communities for various purposes. Enhancing these systems with the capability of invoking and nesting the workflows of other systems within their native workflows makes these communities to be able to carry out cross-organizational experiments and share non-native workflows. The novel solution described in this paper allows the integration of different workflow engines and makes them accessible for workflow systems in order to achieve this goal. The solution is based on an application repository and submitter, which exposes different workflow engines and executes them using the computational resources of the grid. In contrast with other approaches, our solution is scalable in terms of both number of workflows and amount of data, easily extendable in the sense that the integration of a new workflow engine does not require code re-engineering, and general, since it can be adopted by numerous workflow systems.

关键词： Engines Workflow management software Risk management Petri nets Parallel processing Informatics Laboratories Concurrent computing distributed computing Automation

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Enhanced Biologically Inspired Model

Enhanced Biologically Inspired Model

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26th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), vol.7

作者： Yongzhen Huang Kaiqi Huang Liangsheng Wang Dacheng Tao Tieniu Tan Xuelong Li National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China Biometrics Research Centre Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China School of Computer Science and Information Systems Birkbeck University of London London UK

It has been demonstrated by Serre et al. that the biologically inspired model (BIM) is effective for object recognition. It outperforms many state-of-the-art methods in challenging databases. However, BIM has the following three problems: a very heavy computational cost due to dense input, a disputable pooling operation in modeling relations of the visual cortex, and blind feature selection in a feedforward framework. To solve these problems, we develop an enhanced BIM (EBIM), which removes uninformative input by imposing sparsity constraints, utilizes a novel local weighted pooling operation with stronger physiological motivations, and applies a feedback procedure that selects effective features for combination. Empirical studies on the CalTech5 database and CalTech101 database show that EBIM is more effective and efficient than BIM. We also apply EBIM to the MIT-CBCL street scene database to show it achieves comparable performance in comparison with the current best performance. Moreover, the new system can process images with resolution 128 × 128 at a rate of 50 frames per second and enhances the speed 20 times at least in comparison with BIM in common applications.

关键词： Biological system modeling Spatial databases Image databases Brain modeling Object recognition Visual databases Computational efficiency Feedforward systems Feedback Layout

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Emergence of symmetry in complex networks

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Physical Review E 2008年第6期77卷 066108-066108页

作者： Yanghua Xiao Momiao Xiong Wei Wang Hui Wang Department of Computing and Information Technology Fudan University Shanghai 200433 People’s Republic of China Theoretical Systems Biology Laboratory School of Life Science Fudan University Shanghai 200433 People’s Republic of China Human Genetics Center University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas 77225 USA Business School University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 People’s Republic of China

Many real networks have been found to have a rich degree of symmetry, which is a universal structural property of complex networks, yet has been rarely studied so far. One of the fascinating problems related to symmetry is exploration of the origin of symmetry in real networks. For this purpose, we summarized the statistics of local symmetric motifs that contribute to local symmetry of networks. Analysis of these statistics shows that the symmetry of complex networks is a consequence of similar linkage pattern, which means that vertices with similar degrees tend to share common neighbors. An improved version of the Barabaśi-Albert model integrating similar linkage pattern successfully reproduces the symmetry of real networks, indicating that similar linkage pattern is the underlying ingredient that is responsible for the emergence of symmetry in complex networks.

关键词： SMALL-WORLD NETWORKS INTERNET MOTIFS WEB

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A metadata-based architectural model for dynamically resilient systems

Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Computing

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Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied computing 2007年 566-572页

作者： Di Marzo Serugendo, Giovanna Fitzgerald, John Romanovsky, Alexander Guelfi, Nicolas School of Computer Science and Information Systems Birkbeck College London United Kingdom School of Computing Science University of Newcastle NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom Laboratory for Advanced Software Systems University of Luxembourg Luxembourg Luxembourg

ISBN: (纸本)1595934804;9781595934802

Designing open and distributed systems that can dynamically adapt in a predictable way to unexpected events is a challenging issue still not solved. Achieving this objective is a very complex task since it implies reasoning at run-time, explicitly and in a combined way, on a system's functional and non-functional characteristics. This paper proposes a service-oriented architectural model allowing the dynamic enforcement of formally expressed metadata-based resilience policies. It also describes preliminary dynamic resilience experiments acting as proof of concept. Copyright 2007 ACM.

关键词： Metadata

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