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Intelligent Communication and Networking (ICN), International Conference on

作者： Zihan Li Zhitao Guan Shuai Yuan Ningyu An Xiao Liang School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing China Department of Finance Operations and Information Systems (FOIS) Brock University Canada State Grid Laboratory of Grid Advanced Computing and Applications State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Beijing China

As a decentralized machine learning approach, federated learning has become a key solution for numerous applications. However, one primary challenge lies in the data heterogeneity issue when developing effective federated learning algorithms. While many existing frameworks address the concern of non-independent and identically distributed data(non-IID), they have not considered heterogeneity of data quality. Therefore, we propose ROCFL, a robust clustered federated learning method in this study, which can amplify the disparity in weight allocation between models trained on different quality data. We first develop an optimal clustering matching mechanism that groups clients with similar data distributions. This allows the optimal clustering model to be derived without specifying a predetermined number of clusters. Next, we introduce a personalized weight allocation strategy, which assigns a weight benchmark to each cluster based on its cluster importance index. This strategy mitigates the negative impacts of low-quality data during model aggregation. Finally, we design a federated aggregation strategy grounded in a sampling approach. It not only ensures unbiased sampling but also significantly reduces both computational and communication overheads. Experiments have been carried out and the results demonstrate that higher accuracy and robustness can be achieved by ROCFL in scenarios wherein data distribution and quality heterogeneity coexist, in comparison with the benchmarks.

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Design and Implementation of a Web-based Collaborative Manufacturing System Based on Knowledge Graph

Design and Implementation of a Web-based Collaborative Manuf...

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Digital Twins and Parallel Intelligence (DTPI), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Meng Yuan Huaiyu Wu Zhen Shen Yunjun Han Jiehan Zhou Zhijian Yue Gang Xiong State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Guangdong Engineering Research Center of 3D Printing and Intelligent Manufacturing Cloud Computing Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Dongguan China Intelligent Manufacturing Center Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries Qingdao China Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering University of Oulu Oulu Finland

ISBN: (数字)9798350349252

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349269

Collaborative manufacturing is central to agile, intelligent, and cloud-based manufacturing paradigms. This paper presents the design and implementation of a web-based collaborative manufacturing system based on a knowledge graph (KG). The system achieves the full spectrum of knowledge extraction, fusion, and reasoning across the industrial chain, thereby enhancing efficiency and reducing operational costs. The proposed system constructs an industrial chain KG and multi-agent systems, offering comprehensive digital services across the manufacturing value chain. It supports the integration of business processes, data, and standard information for enterprise groups, presenting collaborative manufacturing data of the industrial chain in real-time visualization. The paper further discusses a method for real-time perception of anomalies in the collaborative manufacturing process, utilizing expert knowledge and data-driven insights to construct an operational risk KG. The system’s architecture, workflow, and functional design are detailed, along with application cases in visual dynamic management. The conclusion underscores the system’s potential to improve supply-demand chain management and operational efficiency in collaborative manufacturing.

关键词： Knowledge engineering Visualization Manufacturing processes Collaboration Data visualization Knowledge graphs Real-time systems Digital twins Standards Multi-agent systems

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Zero-shot Object Counting with Good Exemplars

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhu, Huilin Yuan, Jingling Yang, Zhengwei Guo, Yu Wang, Zheng Zhong, Xian He, Shengfeng Wuhan University of Technology Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park China Hubei Key Laboratory of Transportation Internet of Things School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Wuhan University of Technology China School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore School of Computer Science Wuhan University China School of Navigation Wuhan University of Technology China ROSE@EEE Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Zero-shot object counting (ZOC) aims to enumerate objects in images using only the names of object classes during testing, without the need for manual annotations. However, a critical challenge in current ZOC methods lies in their inability to identify high-quality exemplars effectively. This deficiency hampers scalability across diverse classes and undermines the development of strong visual associations between the identified classes and image content. To this end, we propose the Visual Association-based Zero-shot Object Counting (VA-Count) framework. VA-Count consists of an Exemplar Enhancement Module (EEM) and a Noise Suppression Module (NSM) that synergistically refine the process of class exemplar identification while minimizing the consequences of incorrect object identification. The EEM utilizes advanced vision-language pretaining models to discover potential exemplars, ensuring the framework’s adaptability to various classes. Meanwhile, the NSM employs contrastive learning to differentiate between optimal and suboptimal exemplar pairs, reducing the negative effects of erroneous exemplars. VA-Count demonstrates its effectiveness and scalability in zero-shot contexts with superior performance on two object counting datasets. © 2024, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Scalability

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Grand Challenges in the Verification of Autonomous systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Leahy, Kevin Asgari, Hamid Dennis, Louise A. Feather, Martin S. Fisher, Michael Ibanez-Guzman, Javier Logan, Brian Olszewska, Joanna I. Redfield, Signe Robotics Engineering Department Worcester Polytechnic Institute WorcesterMA United States Complex and Autonomous Systems Research Group Thales UK Research Reading United Kingdom Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA United States Department of Computer Science University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Renault Guyancourt France Department of Computing Science University of Aberdeen Aberdeen United Kingdom Department of Information and Computing Sciences Utrecht University Utrecht Netherlands School of Computing and Engineering University of the West of Scotland Glasgow United Kingdom U.S. Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonDC United States

Autonomous systems use independent decisionmaking with only limited human intervention to accomplish goals in complex and unpredictable environments. As the autonomy technologies that underpin them continue to advance, these systems will find their way into an increasing number of applications in an ever wider range of settings. If we are to deploy them to perform safety-critical or mission-critical roles, it is imperative that we have justified confidence in their safe and correct operation. Verification is the process by which such confidence is established. However, autonomous systems pose challenges to existing verification practices. This paper highlights viewpoints of the Roadmap Working Group of the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Technical Committee for Verification of Autonomous systems, identifying these grand challenges, and providing a vision for future research efforts that will be needed to address them. © 2024, CC BY.

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Adaptive Stepwise Feature Selection Approach for EEG-Based Epileptic Seizure Classification 46

Adaptive Stepwise Feature Selection Approach for EEG-Based E...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Aboyeji, Sunday Timothy Zhou, Wenfang Tao, Yuan Zhu, Mingxing Samuel, Oluwarotimi Williams Ahmad, Ijaz Zhao, Guoru Yi, Ji Tong, Michael Chi Fai Wang, Xin Guo, Yi Chen, Shixiong Chinese Academy of Sciences Cas Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Shenzhen China Luohu District People's Hospital Department of Otolaryngology Shenzhen China Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Department of Otorhinolaryngology Shenzhen China Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen School of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen China University of Derby School of Computing and Engineering Derby United Kingdom Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology Baltimore United States The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Hong Kong Shenzhen People's Hospital Department of Neurology Shenzhen China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen School of Medicine Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Recent advancements in feature selection (FS) optimization algorithms have influenced the field of epileptic seizure classification. However, integrating these optimization algorithms into machine learning (ML) models often creates time complexity, limiting their clinical deployment. To address this issue, we propose an innovative adaptive stepwise FS method tailored for epileptic seizure detection (ESD). First, a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) was applied to the preprocessed signal to get three levels of the db4 wavelet family within the frequency range pertinent to epileptic seizure classification. Linear and nonlinear features are then extracted from each level of the DWT. The selected features are initially ranked using the minimum relevance, maximum redundancy (mRMR) FS technique. After that, a stepwise FS approach was applied to the ranked features to optimize the performance of Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers. The experiment was performed on a publicly accessible CHB-MIT dataset in a patient-independent approach. The model's performance was assessed using accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The results show an improved performance of the ML models with the integration of stepwise algorithm into the mRMR technique. Among the classifiers, RF exhibited superior performance with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 87.69%, 91.53%, and 83.86%, respectively, when 12 features were selected. Our proposed stepwise feature selection method (PSFS) performs similarly to generalize forward feature selection (GFFS), with an average accuracy of 88.37% and 88.57%, respectively across selected features with less computation. This makes PSFS a very efficient and effective FS in epileptic seizure classification. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transforms

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Reflection Backdoor: A Natural Backdoor Attack on Deep Neural Networks 1

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16th European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV 2020

作者： Liu, Yunfei Ma, Xingjun Bailey, James Lu, Feng State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of CSE Beihang University Beijing China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China School of Information Technology Deakin University Geelong Australia School of Computing and Information Systems University of Melbourne Parkville Australia

ISBN: (数字)9783030586072

ISBN: (纸本)9783030586065

Recent studies have shown that DNNs can be compromised by backdoor attacks crafted at training time. A backdoor attack installs a backdoor into the victim model by injecting a backdoor pattern into a small proportion of the training data. At test time, the victim model behaves normally on clean test data, yet consistently predicts a specific (likely incorrect) target class whenever the backdoor pattern is present in a test example. While existing backdoor attacks are effective, they are not stealthy. The modifications made on training data or labels are often suspicious and can be easily detected by simple data filtering or human inspection. In this paper, we present a new type of backdoor attack inspired by an important natural phenomenon: reflection. Using mathematical modeling of physical reflection models, we propose reflection backdoor (Refool) to plant reflections as backdoor into a victim model. We demonstrate on 3 computer vision tasks and 5 datasets that, Refoolcan attack state-of-the-art DNNs with high success rate, and is resistant to state-of-the-art backdoor defenses. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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DAANet: Dual Attention Aggregating Network for Salient Object Detection*

DAANet: Dual Attention Aggregating Network for Salient Objec...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics

作者： Yijie Li Hewei Wang Zhenqi Li Shaofan Wang Soumyabrata Dev Guoyu Zuo Beijing-Dublin International College Beijing University of Technology Beijing China Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China School of Computer Science University College Dublin Dublin Ireland Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Computing Intelligence and Intelligent Systems Beijing China

When the Convolutional neural network (CNN) has been introduced for computer vision, many researches use CNN-based model to perform salient object detection (SOD). In recent years, The feature pyramid network (FPN) based structure is more popular for salient object detection tasks. In this paper, to improve the overall performance of salient object detection tasks, we propose a dual attention aggregating network (DAANet), which is an FPN-based deep convolutional neural network with a dual attention aggregation module (DAAM) and dilated refinement block (DRB). The DRB module uses convolutions with different dilation rates to expand the receptive field. The DAAM considers the salient map prediction from the low-level output as pseudo-attention which can efficiently aggregate multi-scale information. The convolution block attention module (CBAM) in DAAM can refine the aggregation of pseudo-attention which enables better performance. We evaluate DAANet on six benchmark datasets that prove the effectiveness of DAANet and its components. Our implementation can be found at: https://***/Att100/DAANet.

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Unequal-interval based loosely coupled control method for auto-scaling heterogeneous cloud resources for web applications

Unequal-interval based loosely coupled control method for au...

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作者： Cai, Zhicheng Liu, Duan Lu, Yifei Buyya, Rajkumar School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China Laboratory School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne ParkvilleVIC Australia

Most existing quality of service (QoS) control algorithms of Web applications take into account Web Server or database connections which can be released immediately. However, many applications are deployed on virtual machines (VMs) or even Spot VMs elastically rented from public clouds. To save costs, interval-priced VMs are not released until the ends of rented intervals. Such delays of control effects make existing methods rent or release excess VMs leading to overcontrol. Fluctuated prices make Spot VMs unreliable due to unexpected termination which makes fault-tolerant strategies crucial. In this article, an unequal-interval-based loosely coupled control method is proposed to improve the quality of service (QoS) control ability of fault-tolerant strategies. A queuing model with arrival-rate-adjustment coefficient is used to predict required capacity as a feedforward controller. Another two-threshold and queuing-model-based method is applied to update the coefficient as a loosely coupled feedback controller. Meanwhile, unequal-interval controller collaborating method is proposed to avoid overcontrol and react quickly to workload changes. Our approach is evaluated on both a simulation platform and a real Kubernetes Cluster. Experimental results illustrate that our approach decreases the percentage of waiting times larger than service level agreements with similar or lower rental costs compared with existing algorithms. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Quality control

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Diagnosis of COVID-19 Pneumonia via a Novel Deep Learning Architecture

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2022年第2期37卷 330-343页

作者： Xin Zhang Siyuan Lu Shui-Hua Wang Xiang Yu Su-Jing Wang Lun Yao Yi Pan Yu-Dong Zhang Department of Medical Imaging The Fourth People's Hospital of Huai'anHuai'an 223002China School of Informatics University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHU.K. School of Architecture Building and Civil Engineering Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughLE113TUU.K. School of Mathematics and Actuarial Science University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHU.K. Key Laboratory of Behavior Sciences Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Psychology University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Infection Diseases The Fourth People's Hospital of Huai'anHuaian 223002China Department of Computer Science Georgia State UniversityAtlanta 30302-5060U.S.A. Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

COVID-19 is a contagious infection that has severe effects on the global economy and our daily *** diagnosis of COVID-19 is of importance for consultants,patients,and *** this study,we use the deep learning network AlexNet as the backbone,and enhance it with the following two aspects:1)adding batch normalization to help accelerate the training,reducing the internal covariance shift;2)replacing the fully connected layer in AlexNet with three classifiers:SNN,ELM,and ***,we have three novel models from the deep COVID network(DC-Net)framework,which are named DC-Net-S,DC-Net-E,and DC-Net-R,*** comparison,we find the proposed DC-Net-R achieves an average accuracy of 90.91%on a private dataset(available upon email request)comprising of 296 images while the specificity reaches 96.13%,and has the best performance among all three proposed *** addition,we show that our DC-Net-R also performs much better than other existing algorithms in the literature.

关键词： pneumonia COVID-19 convolutional neural network AlexNet deep learning

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Taxi travel time based Geographically Weighted Regression Model (GWR) for modeling public housing prices in Singapore 29

Taxi travel time based Geographically Weighted Regression Mo...

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29th International Conference on Geoinformatics, Geoinformatics 2022

作者： Wang, Yi'an Cai, Fangyi Cheng, Shih-Fen Wu, Bo Cao, Kai School of Geographic Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China East China Normal University Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science Ministry of Education Shanghai China East China Normal University Key Lab. of Spatial-temporal Big Data Analysis and Application of Natural Resources in Megacities Ministry of Natural Resources Shanghai China National University of Singapore Department of Geography Singapore School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore School of Geography and Environment Jiangxi Normal University Jiangxi Nanchang China

ISBN: (数字)9798350309881

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309881

In this research, a taxi travel time based Geographically Weighted Regression model (GWR) is proposed and utilized to model the public housing price in the case study of Singapore. In addition, a comparison between the proposed taxi data driven GWR and other models, such as ordinary least squares model (OLS), GWR model based on Euclidean distance and GWR model based on public transport travel time, have also been carried out. Results indicates that taxi travel time based GWR model has better fitting performance than the OLS model, and slightly better than the Euclidean distance-based GWR model, however, it is not as good as the GWR model based on public transport travel time according to the metric of Adjusted R2. These experiments indicate that the public transport travel time may has a major part to play in modeling the public housing resale prices compared to taxi travel time or driving time, and both the taxi travel time and public transport travel time can better explain the public housing resale prices in Singapore compared to Euclidean distance in the GWR modeling. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Travel time

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