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2022 IEEE Long Island Systems, Applications and Technology Conference, LISAT 2022

作者： Syed, Abrar Hussain Baghaie, Ahmadreza Ilyas, Azhar Lab Dept. of Computing Science Old WestburyNY United States Lab Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Old WestburyNY United States Lab Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Old WestburyNY United States

ISBN: (数字)9781665465960

ISBN: (纸本)9781665465960

Bone tissues in critical size bone fracture cases do not re-generate naturally and require special treatment procedures, such as cast alignments, support plates and bone grafting. These procedures are risky and often have high rejection rates. Modern clinical procedures use scaffold implants that can facilitate the process of healing with a lesser risk, provide mechanical support and a porous, nutritious medium for bone tissue regeneration and recovery. They require special training, tools, and significant time to be manufactured, and are generally made at a dedicated laboratory. The whole process takes around a week to be manufactured and implanted in the fracture site. In this work a novel technique for automatic segmentation of bone fractures from CT scan images to facilitate the process of manufacturing the patient-specific scaffolds in a significantly shorter time, without the need of skilled personnel has been presented. To achieve this, the procedure of generating 3D printable models was automated using image processing and machine learning algorithms. For this, 3D CT (Computed Tomography) images were used as input (as a series of 2D slices), acquired using a micro-CT scanner for the approach. After pre-processing the acquired images (filtering), thresholding segmentation was applied to extract the bone from the scan. This step is followed by orientation optimization of the segmentation result, by taking advantage of a global optimization technique, namely Simulated Annealing, to ensure maximized visibility of the fracture in a projected view of the volume by projecting the volume on a 2D surface. Binary hole-filling techniques and bone thickness estimation is then used to create a 3D template (model) to be sent for scaffold printing to a compatible 3D printer. Experiments with both synthetic and real datasets show that the proposed method is an effective approach for creating rapid, precise, and patient-specific 3D scaffolds to treat critical-size bone fract

关键词： Tissue

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Incomplete intuitionistic fuzzy behavioral group decision-making based on multigranulation probabilistic rough sets and MULTIMOORA for water quality inspection

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Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 2023年第3期44卷 4537-4556页

作者： Bai, Wenhui Zhang, Chao Zhai, Yanhui Sangaiah, Arun Kumar School of Computer and Information Technology Key Lab. of Computational Intelligence and Chinese Information Processing of Ministry of Education Shanxi University Shanxi Taiyuan China International Graduate Institute of Artificial Intelligence National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon

Water quality inspection (WQI) is one of the primary ways to ensure the safe utilization of water resources, and complicated data modeling, fusion and analysis play a significant role in seeking the resource with the best water quality. Nevertheless, the challenges of missing data, relatively large differences in decision results and bounded rationality owned by decision-makers (DMs) in terms of WQI still exist nowadays. Thus, from the aspect of stable and behavioral decision-making in multi-granularity incomplete intuitionistic fuzzy information systems (MG-IIFISs), the paper investigates a comprehensive multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) approach for the application of WQI. First, the concept of MG-IIFISs is built by modeling MAGDM problems with intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (IFNs), then a new transformation scheme is constructed for transforming MG-IIFISs into multi-granularity intuitionistic fuzzy information systems (MG-IFISs) based on the similarity principle. Second, three types of multigranulation intuitionistic fuzzy probabilistic rough sets (MG IF PRSs) are developed by referring to the MULTIMOORA (Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis plus the full MULTIplicative form) method. Afterwards, attribute weights are objectively calculated based on the best-worst method (BWM), and a new stable and behavioral MAGDM approach is constructed by means of the TODIM (an acronym in Portuguese for interactive multi-criteria decision-making) method. At last, a case study in the setting of WQI is conducted with the support of a UCI data set, and sensitivity analysis, comparative analysis and experimental analysis are investigated to display the validity of the proposed approach. In general, the proposed approach improves the stability of decision results via MULTIMOORA and BWM, and also fully considers the bounded rationality of DMs' psychological behaviors from the aspect of the TODIM method, which has certain advantages in the community of MAGDM studie

关键词： Water quality

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Real-Time Facial Expression Recognition using Facial Landmarks and Neural Networks 12

Real-Time Facial Expression Recognition using Facial Landmar...

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12th Iranian/2nd International Conference on Machine Vision and Image Processing, MVIP 2022

作者： Haghpanah, Mohammad A. Saeedizade, Ehsan Masouleh, Mehdi Tale Kalhor, Ahmad University of Tehran Human and Robot Interaction Lab School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran University of Nevada Department of Computer Science and Engineering Reno United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665412162

This paper presents a lightweight algorithm for feature extraction, classification of seven different emotions, and facial expression recognition in a real-time manner based on static images of the human face. In this regard, a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network is trained based on the foregoing algorithm. In order to classify human faces, first, some pre-processing is applied to the input image, which can localize and cut out faces from it. In the next step, a facial landmark detection library is used, which can detect the landmarks of each face. Then, the human face is split into upper and lower faces, which enables the extraction of the desired features from each part. In the proposed model, both geometric and texture-based feature types are taken into account. After the feature extraction phase, a normalized vector of features is created. A 3-layer MLP is trained using these feature vectors, leading to 96% accuracy on the test set. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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Strong nonlinear optical processes with extraordinary polarization anisotropy in inversionsymmetry broken two-dimensional PdPSe

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1524-1533页

作者： Song Zhu Ruihuan Duan Xiaodong Xu Fangyuan Sun Wenduo Chen Fakun Wang Siyuan Li Ming Ye Xin Zhou Jinluo Cheng Yao Wu Houkun Liang Junichiro Kono Xingji Li Zheng Liu Qi Jie Wang School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798 SingaporeSingapore School of Material Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798 SingaporeSingapore CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES UMI 3288Research Techno PlazaNanyang Technological University637371 SingaporeSingapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology150001 HarbinChina Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore117543 SingaporeSingapore GPL Photonics Lab State Key Laboratory of Applied OpticsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences130033 ChangchunChina School of Electronics and Information Engineering Sichuan University610064 ChengduSichuanChina School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University637371 SingaporeSingapore Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering Physics and Astronomyand Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTXUSA

Nonlinear optical activities,especially second harmonic generation(SHG),are key phenomena in inversion-symmetrybroken two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs).On the other hand,anisotropic nonlinear optical processes are important for unique applications in nano-nonlinear photonic devices with polarization functions,having become one of focused research topics in the field of nonlinear ***,the strong nonlinearity and strong optical anisotropy do not exist simultaneously in common 2D ***,we demonstrate strong secondorder and third-order susceptibilities of 64 pm/V and 6.2×10^(-19)m^(2)/V^(2),respectively,in the even-layer PdPSe,which has not been discovered in other common TMDCs(e.g.,MoS2).Strikingly,it also simultaneously exhibited strong SHG anisotropy with an anisotropic ratio of~45,which is the largest reported among all 2D materials to date,to the best of our *** addition,the SHG anisotropy ratio can be harnessed from 0.12 to 45(375 times)by varying the excitation wavelength due to the dispersion ofχ^(2)*** an illustrative example,we further demonstrate polarized SHG imaging for potential applications in crystal orientation identification and polarization-dependent spatial *** findings in 2D PdPSe are promising for nonlinear nanophotonic and optoelectronic applications.

关键词： materials anisotropy nonlinear

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On-Chip Quantum Dot Lasers Driven High-Speed Optical Neural Networks

On-Chip Quantum Dot Lasers Driven High-Speed Optical Neural ...

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CLEO: science and Innovations in CLEO 2024, CLEO: S and I 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

作者： Zhou, Zhican Fang, Yuetong Ou, Xiangpeng He, William Wu, Xuhao Xu, Renjing Pan, David Z. Wan, Yating Integrated Photonics Lab King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Makkah Saudi Arabia Function Hub The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas Austin78703 United States

We present an optical neural network architecture driven by on-chip quantum dot lasers, achieving 3.5 TOPS/mm2 theoretical computational density. With an optimized model (reducing programming operations by over 75%), ... 详细信息

关键词： Quantum dot lasers

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On-Chip Quantum Dot Lasers Driven High-Speed Optical Neural Networks

On-Chip Quantum Dot Lasers Driven High-Speed Optical Neural ...

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2024 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Zhou, Zhican Fang, Yuetong Ou, Xiangpeng He, William Wu, Xuhao Xu, Renjing Pan, David Z. Wan, Yating Integrated Photonics lab King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Makkah Thuwal Saudi Arabia Function Hub The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas Austin78703 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

关键词： Quantum dot lasers

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A Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for Detecting and Mitigating DDoS Attacks in IoT Networks 4

A Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for Dete...

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4th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Networks and Wireless Communications, ICMNWC 2024

作者： Shaharkar, Bhushan Mittal, Tanusha Sunkara, Krishna Chaitanya Shukla, Vishal Desai, Ishan Mookherjee, Ujal Walchand Institute of Technology Department of Information Technology Solapur India Graphic Era Deemed to be University Department of Computer Science & Engineering Dehradun India Oracle Cloud Engineering Data Center Design & Modeling Raleigh United States Ramdeobaba University Department of Mechanical Engineering Nagpur India Parul institute of Engineering and Technology Parul University Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Post Limda India Faculty of Law Pune India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352931

The rise of Internet of Things (IoT) networks has introduced new opportunities for innovation but also increased vulnerability to cyberattacks, particularly Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks. Traditional detection and mitigation mechanisms often struggle to handle the dynamic and distributed nature of IoT systems. In this study, we propose a Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (MADRL) framework designed to detect and mitigate DDoS attacks in IoT networks in real-time. The framework consists of multiple collaborative agents, each deployed at different network layers or nodes, trained using deep reinforcement learning to identify attack patterns and take immediate mitigation actions. Through cooperative learning, these agents adapt to evolving attack strategies and optimize defense policies. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that the proposed MADRL framework outperforms traditional techniques by achieving higher detection accuracy, faster response times, and reduced false positive rates. Our results indicate that this framework can effectively secure IoT networks against complex DDoS attacks, maintaining network stability and availability. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Quantus: An Explainable AI Toolkit for Responsible Evaluation of Neural Network Explanations and Beyond

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Journal of Machine Learning Research 2023年第1期24卷 1-11页

作者： Hedström, Anna Weber, Leander Bareeva, Dilyara Krakowczyk, Daniel Motzkus, Franz Samek, Wojciech Lapuschkin, Sebastian Höhne, Marina M.-C. Understandable Machine Intelligence Lab TU Berlin Berlin10587 Germany Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science TU Berlin Berlin10587 Germany Department of Artificial Intelligence Fraunhofer Heinrich-Hertz-Institute Berlin10587 Germany Department of Computer Science University of Potsdam Potsdam14476 Germany BIFOLD – Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data Berlin10587 Germany

The evaluation of explanation methods is a research topic that has not yet been explored deeply, however, since explainability is supposed to strengthen trust in artificial intelligence, it is necessary to systematically review and compare explanation methods in order to confirm their correctness. Until now, no tool with focus on XAI evaluation exists that exhaustively and speedily allows researchers to evaluate the performance of explanations of neural network predictions. To increase transparency and reproducibility in the field, we therefore built Quantus—a comprehensive, evaluation toolkit in Python that includes a growing, wellorganised collection of evaluation metrics and tutorials for evaluating explainable methods. The toolkit has been thoroughly tested and is available under an open-source license on PyPi (or on https://***/understandable-machine-intelligence-lab/Quantus/). © 2023 Anna Hedström, Leander Weber, Dilyara Bareeva, Daniel Krakowczyk, Franz Motzkus, Wojciech Samek, Sebastian Lapuschkin, and Marina M.-C. Höhne.

关键词： Open systems

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Advswap: Covert Adversarial Perturbation with High Frequency Info-Swapping for Autonomous Driving Perception 27

Advswap: Covert Adversarial Perturbation with High Frequency...

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27th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITSC 2024

作者： Huang, Yuanhao Zhang, Qinfan Xing, Jiandong Cheng, Mengyue Yu, Haiyang Ren, Yilong Xiong, Xiao School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China State Key Lab of Intelligent Transportation System Beijing100191 China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing100094 China University of Alberta Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Edmonton Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505929

Perception module of Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are increasingly susceptible to be attacked, which exploit vulnerabilities in neural networks through adversarial inputs, thereby compromising the AI safety. Some researches focus on creating covert adversarial samples, but existing global noise techniques are detectable and difficult to deceive the human visual system. This paper introduces a novel adversarial attack method, AdvSwap, which creatively utilizes wavelet-based highfrequency information swapping to generate covert adversarial samples and fool the camera. AdvSwap employs invertible neural network for selective high-frequency information swapping, preserving both forward propagation and data integrity. The scheme effectively removes the original label data and incorporates the guidance image data, producing concealed and robust adversarial samples. Experimental evaluations and comparisons on the GTSRB and nuScenes datasets demonstrate that AdvSwap can make concealed attacks on common traffic targets. The generates adversarial samples are also difficult to perceive by humans and algorithms. Meanwhile, the method has strong attacking robustness and attacking transferability. © 2024 IEEE.

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Security of Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems with Hybrid Eavesdroppers 2

Security of Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems wit...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Signal, Information and Data Processing, ICSIDP 2024

作者： Liu, Meiding Zhou, Zhengchun Shi, Qiao Li, Guyue Liu, Zilong Fan, Pingzhi Lee, Inkyu Southwest Jiaotong University School of Information Science and Technology Chengdu China Southeast University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Nanjing China University of Essex School of Computer Science and Electronics Engineering Colchester United Kingdom Southwest Jiaotong University Key Lab of Information Coding and Transmission Chengdu China Korea University School of Electrical Engineering Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515669

In this paper, we consider the joint beamforming design in secure integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems, where the active eavesdropper intercepts the transmitted confidential information with an external passive eavesdropper. To improve the sensing performance while preventing the potential eavesdropping, the base station transmits a signal consisting of information symbols and sensing waveform, in which the sensing waveform is also used as artificial noise to interfere with eavesdroppers. Under this setup, we formulate the communication and sensing beamforming design problem, which aims to enhance the transmit beampattern performance, while ensuring the quality of service (QoS) of communication transmission and the secure communication constraint. Furthermore, we propose the semi-definite relaxation (SDR) algorithm to solve the non-convex problem. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in both sensing and secure communication. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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