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Knowledge Distillation Facilitates the Lightweight and Efficient Plant Diseases Detection Model

Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 501-519页

作者： Qianding Huang Xingcai Wu Qi Wang Xinyu Dong Yongbin Qin Xue Wu Yangyang Gao Gefei Hao State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Text Computing&Cognitive Intelligence Engineering Research Center of National Education Ministry Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Plant disease diagnosis in time can inhibit the spread of the disease and prevent a large-scale drop in production,which benefits food *** detection-based plant disease diagnosis methods have attracted widespread attention due to their accuracy in classifying and locating ***,existing methods are still limited to single crop disease *** importantly,the existing model has a large number of parameters,which is not conducive to deploying it to agricultural mobile ***,reducing the number of model parameters tends to cause a decrease in model *** solve these problems,we propose a plant disease detection method based on knowledge distillation to achieve a lightweight and efficient diagnosis of multiple diseases across multiple *** detail,we design 2 strategies to build 4 different lightweight models as student models:the YOLOR-Light-v1,YOLOR-Light-v2,Mobile-YOLOR-v1,and Mobile-YOLOR-v2 models,and adopt the YOLOR model as the teacher *** develop a multistage knowledge distillation method to improve lightweight model performance,achieving 60.4%mAP@.5 in the PlantDoc dataset with small model parameters,outperforming existing ***,the multistage knowledge distillation technique can make the model lighter while maintaining high *** only that,the technique can be extended to other tasks,such as image classification and image segmentation,to obtain automated plant disease diagnostic models with a wider range of lightweight applicability in smart *** code is available at https://***/QDH/MSKD.

关键词： Plant diagnosis image

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Seer: Accelerating Block chain Transaction Execution by Fine-Grained Branch Prediction 51st

Seer: Accelerating Block chain Transaction Execution by Fine...

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51st International Conference on Very Large data Bases, VLDB 2025

作者： Zhang, Shijie Cheng, Ru Liu, Xinpeng Xiao, Jiang Jin, Hai Li, Bo National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

Increasingly popular decentralized applications (dApps) with complex application logic incur significant overhead for executing smart contract transactions, which greatly limits public block chain performance. Pre-executing transactions off the critical path can mitigate substantial I/O and computation costs during execution. However, pre-execution does not yield any state transitions, rendering the system state inconsistent with actual execution. This inconsistency can lead to deviations in pre-execution paths when processing smart contracts with multiple state-related branches, thus diminishing pre-execution effectiveness. In this paper, we develop Seer, a novel public block chain execution engine that incorporates fine-grained branch prediction to fully exploit pre-execution effectiveness. Seerpredicts state-related branches using a two-level prediction approach, reducing inconsistent execution paths more efficiently than executing all possible branches. To enable effective reuse of pre execution results, Seer employs checkpoint-based fast-path execution, enhancing transaction execution for both successful and unsuccessful predictions. Evaluations with realistic block chain workloads demonstrate that Seer delivers an average of 27.7× transaction-level speedup and an overall 20.6× speedup in the execution phase over vanilla Ethereum, outperforming existing block chain execution acceleration solutions. © 2025, VLDB Endowment, All rights reserved.

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Fast Parallel Recovery for Transactional Stream Processing on Multicores 40

Fast Parallel Recovery for Transactional Stream Processing o...

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40th IEEE International Conference on data Engineering, ICDE 2024

作者： Zhao, Jianjun Liu, Haikun Zhang, Shuhao Duan, Zhuohui Liao, Xiaofei Jin, Hai Zhang, Yu School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab Wuhan China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317152

Transactional stream processing engines (TSPEs) have gained increasing attention due to their capability of processing real-time stream applications with transactional semantics. However, TSPEs remain susceptible to system failures and power outages. Existing TSPEs mainly focus on performance improvement, but still face a significant challenge to guarantee fault tolerance while offering high-performance services. We revisit commonly-used fault tolerance approaches in stream processing and database systems, and find that these approaches do not work well on TSPEs due to complex data dependencies. In this paper, we propose a novel TSPE called MorphStreamR to achieve fast failure recovery while guaranteeing low performance overhead at runtime. The key idea of MorphStreamR is to record intermediate results of resolved dependencies at runtime, and thus eliminate data dependencies to improve task parallelism during failure recovery. MorphStreamR further mitigates the runtime overhead by selectively tracking data dependencies and incorporating workload-aware log commitment. Experimental results show that MorphStreamR can significantly reduce the recovery time by up to 3.1 x while experiencing much less performance slowdown at runtime, compared with other applicable fault tolerance approaches. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fault tolerance

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RETIA: Relation-Entity Twin-Interact Aggregation for Temporal Knowledge Graph Extrapolation 39

RETIA: Relation-Entity Twin-Interact Aggregation for Tempora...

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39th IEEE International Conference on data Engineering, ICDE 2023

作者： Liu, Kangzheng Zhao, Feng Xu, Guandong Wang, Xianzhi Jin, Hai Huazhong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan China University of Technology Sydney Data Science and Machine Intelligence Lab Sydney Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350322279

Temporal knowledge graph (TKG) extrapolation aims to predict future unknown events (facts) based on historical information, and has attracted considerable attention due to its great practical significance. Accurate representations (embeddings) of entities and relations form the basis of TKG extrapolation. Recent work has been devoted to improving the rationality of entity representations. However, on the one hand, ignoring relation modeling results in incomplete relation representations;therefore, some approaches aggregate only immediately adjacent entities of relations, but this can lead to the "message islands"problem of relation modeling. On the other hand, ignoring the association constraints between relations and entities can make the embeddings of both relations and entities prone to overfitting. To address the abovementioned challenges, we propose an advanced method, namely, RETIA. For the former issue, we generate twin hyperrelation subgraphs for each historical subgraph and then aggregate both the adjacent entities and relations in the hyperrelation subgraphs through a graph convolutional network (GCN). About the latter concern, we propose a twin-interact module (TIM), which provides communication channels for relation aggregation and entity aggregation during the evolution of the historical sequence. Experiments conducted on five public datasets show that RETIA has made great improvements across several evaluation metrics. Our released code is available at https://***/CGCL-codes/RETIA. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Extrapolation

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Solving key challenges in collider physics with foundation models

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Physical Review D 2025年第5期111卷 L051504-L051504页

作者： Vinicius Mikuni Benjamin Nachman National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center Berkeley Lab Berkeley California 94720 USA Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Berkeley Institute for Data Science University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA

Foundation models are neural networks that are capable of simultaneously solving many problems. Large language foundation models like ChatGPT have revolutionized many aspects of daily life, but their impact for science is not yet clear. In this paper, we use a new foundation model for hadronic jets to solve three key challenges in collider physics. In particular, we show how experiments can (1) save significant computing power when developing reconstruction algorithms, (2) perform a complete uncertainty quantification for high-dimensional measurements, and (3) search for new physics with model agnostic methods using low-level inputs. In each case, there are significant computational or methodological challenges with current methods that limit the science potential of deep learning algorithms. By solving each problem, we take jet foundation models beyond proof-of-principle studies and into the toolkit of practitioners.

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MCT-Net: a multi-branch hybrid CNN-transformer model for medical image segmentation

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Pattern Analysis and Applications 2025年第2期28卷 1-21页

作者： Shen, Longfeng Diao, Liangjin Peng, Rui Chen, Jiacong Lu, Zhengtian Ge, Fangzhen Anhui Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Computing and Application on Cognitive Behavior (ICACB) College of Computer Science and Technology Huaibei Normal University Anhui Huaibei China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei China Anhui Big-Data Research Center on University Management Huaibei Normal University Anhui Huaibei China

In recent years, neural networks have demonstrated substantial progress in medical image segmentation. However, accurately segmenting objects in medical images is often restricted by edge blurring, which complicates the delineation of structures of interest. The purpose of this study is to develop a multi-branch hybrid CNN-transformer model to address the issue of edge blurring in medical image segmentation. This approach enables more precise edge detection and segmentation. Integrating hybrid CNN and transformer decoders facilitates detailed recovery while preserving global structures, thus minimizing errors in regions with blurred edges. Additionally, we incorporate a hybrid attention mechanism at the model’s bottleneck to enhance feature transfer between the encoder and decoder. The model was trained using the ACDC, Synapse, and polyp datasets, with a focus on improving segmentation accuracy in regions with blurry edges. Experimental results reveal that the proposed model surpasses existing state-of-the-art methods on the ACDC, Synapse, and polyp datasets, demonstrating its superior performance and effectiveness. These results suggest that the proposed model offers a significant improvement in handling edge blurring, with potential applications in enhancing medical image analysis and diagnostics. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Attention mechanism Convolutional neural network Edge information Medical image segmentation Transformer

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Towards Stricter Black-box Integrity Verification of Deep Neural Network Models 24

Towards Stricter Black-box Integrity Verification of Deep Ne...

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： He, Chaoxiang Bai, Xiaofan Ma, Xiaojing Zhu, Bin B. Hu, Pingyi Fu, Jiayun Jin, Hai Zhang, Dongmei Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Microsoft Corporation Beijing China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

Cloud-based machine learning services offer significant advantages but also introduce the risk of tampering with cloud-deployed deep neural network (DNN) models. Black-box integrity verification (BIV) allows model owners and end-users to determine if a cloud-deployed DNN model has been tampered with by examining only the top-1 label responses. Fingerprinting generates fingerprint samples to query the model, achieving BIV with no impact on the model's accuracy. In this paper, we present BIVBench, the first comprehensive benchmark for BIV of DNN models. BIVBench covers 16 types of model modifications, providing extensive coverage of practical modification scenarios. Our analysis reveals that existing fingerprinting methods, which are typically focused on significant tampering, lack the sensitivity needed to effectively detect subtle yet common and potentially severe modifications. To address this limitation, we propose MiSentry (Model Integrity Sentry), a novel fingerprinting method that leverages meta-learning. MiSentry strategically incorporates a few subtly modified models into the meta-learning model zoo and maximizes the divergence of output predictions between the target model and the modified models in the model zoo to generate highly sensitive, generalizable, and effective fingerprint samples. Extensive evaluations using BIVBench demonstrate that MiSentry outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods overall and significantly surpasses them in detecting subtle modifications. The BIVBench and supplementary materials are available at: https://***/CGCL-codes/BIVBench. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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SharDAG: Scaling DAG-Based Blockchains Via Adaptive Sharding 40

SharDAG: Scaling DAG-Based Blockchains Via Adaptive Sharding

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40th IEEE International Conference on data Engineering, ICDE 2024

作者： Cheng, Feng Xiao, Jiang Liu, Cunyang Zhang, Shijie Zhou, Yifan Li, Bo Li, Baochun Jin, Hai School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab China Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong University of Toronto Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317152

Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG)-based blockchain (a.k.a distributed ledger) has become prevalent for supporting highly concurrent applications. Its inherent parallel data structure accelerates block generation significantly, shifting the bottleneck from performance to storage scalability. An intuitive solution is to apply state sharding that divides the entire ledger (i.e., transactions and states) into multiple shards. While each node only stores proportional transactions, it suffers from the challenges of storing and ensuring the processing consistency of cross-shard transactions. In this paper, we propose SharDAG, a new mechanism that leverages adaptive sharding for DAG-based blockchains to achieve high performance and strong consistency. The key idea of SharDAG is to exploit unique characteristics -silent assets -and design a lightweight processing mechanism based on avatar account caching. Furthermore, we design a Byzantine resilient cross-shard verification mechanism with a theoretically optimal number of participating nodes, which guarantees the consistency and security of avatar account aggregation. Our comprehensive evaluations on real-world workloads demonstrate that SharDAG presents up to 3.8 x throughput improvement compared to the state-of-the-art and reduces the storage overhead of cross-shard transactions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Blockchain

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Test-Time Model Adaptation with Only Forward Passes 41

Test-Time Model Adaptation with Only Forward Passes

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Niu, Shuaicheng Miao, Chunyan Chen, Guohao Wu, Pengcheng Zhao, Peilin College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Joint NTU-WeBank Research Centre on Fintech Singapore Singapore Tencent AI Lab Shenzhen China

Test-time adaptation has proven effective in adapting a given trained model to unseen test samples with potential distribution shifts. However, in real-world scenarios, models are usually deployed on resource-limited devices, e.g., FPGAs, and are often quantized and hard-coded with non-modifiable parameters for acceleration. In light of this, existing methods are often infeasible since they heavily depend on computation-intensive backpropagation for model updating that may be not supported. To address this, we propose a test-time Forward-Optimization Adaptation (FOA) method. In FOA, we seek to solely learn a newly added prompt (as model's input) via a derivative-free covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy. To make this strategy work stably under our online unsupervised setting, we devise a novel fitness function by measuring test-training statistic discrepancy and model prediction entropy. Moreover, we design an activation shifting scheme that directly tunes the model activations for shifted test samples, making them align with the source training domain, thereby further enhancing adaptation performance. Without using any backpropagation and altering model weights, FOA runs on quantized 8-bit ViT outperforms gradient-based TENT on full-precision 32-bit ViT, while achieving an up to 24-fold memory reduction on ImageNet-C. Code: https://***/mr-eggplant/FOA. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Image coding

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Anole: A Lightweight and Verifiable Learned-Based Index for Time Range Query on Blockchain Systems 28th

Anole: A Lightweight and Verifiable Learned-Based Index for...

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28th International Conference on database Systems for Advanced Applications, DASFAA 2023

作者： Chang, Jian Li, Binhong Xiao, Jiang Lin, Licheng Jin, Hai National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031306365

Time range query is essential to facilitate a wide range of blockchain applications such as data provenance in the supply chain. Existing blockchain systems adopt the storage-consuming tree-based index structure for better query performance, however, fail to efficiently work for most blockchain nodes with limited resources. In this paper, we propose Anole, a lightweight and verifiable time range query mechanism, to present the feasibility of building up a learned-based index to achieve high performance and low storage costs on blockchain systems. The key idea of Anole is to exploit the temporal characteristics of blockchain data distribution and design a tailored lightweight index to reduce storage costs. Moreover, it uses a digital signature to guarantee the correctness and completeness of query results by considering the learned index’s error bounds, and applies batch verification to further improve verification performance. Experimental results demonstrate that Anole improves the query performance by up to 10 × and reduces the storage overhead by 99.4 % compared with the state-of-the-art vChain+. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Blockchain

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