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UK/ China Emerging Technologies (UCET)

作者： Liwen Tang Zhouyang Du Yawen Wang Zhuoling Xiao Jiazhen Lin Xiaoyan Zhang Glasgow College UESTC University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Power Safety Monitoring Technology and Equipment China Nuclear Power Engineering Co. Ltd. Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665495769

Environmental sound recognition is important in computer audition. However, the existing recognition algorithms still have high computing requirement and low recognition accuracy, especially when sound enhancement is employed. In this paper we present enhancement and classification algorithms to reduce the computation cost and increase the classification accuracy at the same time. We first use the bottleneck module into a convolutional neural network (CNN) to reduce recognition computation, and apply squeeze-and-excitation (SE) attention mechanism to increase the accuracy. Then by introducing the direct connection structure of Encoder-Decoder and the noise vector, we build the sound enhancement algorithm based on Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to improve the accuracy and robustness. The proposed model has been tested in ten different environmental sounds, demonstrating the effectiveness of reducing the computation by up to 76.03% and increasing the accuracy by 2.4% as well.

关键词： Costs Convolution Computational modeling Generative adversarial networks Brain modeling Robustness Classification algorithms

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An LQG Optimal Linear Controller for Fin Stabilizer System of Marine Vessels

An LQG Optimal Linear Controller for Fin Stabilizer System o...

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2020 International Conference on System Science and engineering, ICSSE 2020

作者： Nguyen, QuangDuy Li, Tieshan Yu, Renhai Shan, Qihe Wu, Yue Ning, Jun Dalian Maritime University Navigation College Dalian China Faculty of Navigation Vietnam Maritime University Haiphong Viet Nam School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728159607

When sailing at sea, the ship's rolling motion will greatly affect the safety of the ship and the cargo, as well as the health of the crew. As a common means for roll reduction, active fins are usually installed on ships, and the roll reduction efficiency of these fins depends primarily on the controller. In our work, a Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) optimal controller is proposed for the ship linear fin stabilizer system. Specifically, this LQG control method is combined by the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) method and the linear quadratic estimator (LQE) method, the latter of which is also known as the Kalman filter. Therefore, the separation principle is used in this paper to solve the roll reduction problem of ships, namely the LQG controller is derived by solving the predestined optimal control problem and the optimal state estimation problem. Finally, the stability and efficiency of the proposed LQG controller is validated by conducting contrast simulation with the LQR controller, and the result of which shows better performance of the designed LQG strategy. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Kalman filters

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LiF modified Ce3+–doped Gd2O3–Al2O3–SiO2 glass scintillator: photoluminescence, scintillation and radiation damage characteristics

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Hua, Zhehao Wu, Tao Tang, Gao Qian, Sen Tao, Haizheng Cai, Hua Fan, Ruirui Han, Jifeng Jia, Jinsheng Li, Weichang Sun, Xinyuan Ren, Jing Yuan, Huiping Yin, Shenghua Zhang, Minghui Zheng, Lirong China Building Materials Academy Beijing100024 China State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China College of Materials and Chemistry China Jiliang University Hangzhou310018 China Dongguan523803 China Key Lab of Radiation Physics and Technology of MOE Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201800 China Department of Physics Jinggangshan University Ji'an343009 China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Beijing Glass Research Institute Beijing101111 China Nuclear Instrument CO. LTD. Beĳing100176 China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201899 China

LiF modified Ce3+–doped Gd2O3–Al2O3–SiO2 (xLGAS:Ce3+) glass scintillators with reducing agent (Si3N4) were successfully synthesized in ambient atmosphere. The cut-off wavelength of all glasses is in the range of 376–370 nm, which ascribes to 4f–5d transition of Ce3+. With the increase of LiF content, blue shift of the photoluminescence (PL) excitation and emission peaks in these glasses appears. And xLGAS:Ce3+ glasses exhibit an emission of 360–600 nm, with a peak at around 425 nm. The maximum photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) of these xLGAS:Ce3+ glasses is 63.0 %, and PL decay time is in range of 42.5–44.5 ns. The addition of LiF will enhance the PL thermal activation energy, where the 5LGAS:Ce3+ glass has a maximum value of 0.29 eV. For scintillation, the integral X–ray excited luminescence (XEL) intensity of the 5LGAS:Ce3+ glass is 31.5 % of that of Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) crystal. Furthermore, scintillation light yield can reach up 1549 ph/MeV with an energy resolution of 19.3 % at 662 keV. All glasses exhibit a double exponential scintillation decay, which consist of fast (329–347 ns) and slow (1723–1764 ns) components, respectively. In thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) measurements, the addition of LiF modifies the trap state distribution, with shallow traps exhibiting both greater abundance and dominance, thereby improving the light yield. In addition, the radiation damage of the 10LGAS:Ce3+ glass was characterized under proton beam experiment. © 2025

关键词： Scintillation

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Highlight of LHAASO science results on PeVatrons 38

Highlight of LHAASO science results on PeVatrons

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Wu, Sha Chen, Songzhan Cao, Zhen Aharonian, F. An, Q. Axikegu Bai, Y.X. Bao, Y.W. Bastieri, D. Bi, X.J. Bi, Y.J. Cai, J.T. Cao, Q. Cao, W.Y. Cao, Zhe Chang, J. Chang, J.F. Chen, A.M. Chen, E.S. Chen, Liang Chen, Lin Chen, Long Chen, M.J. Chen, M.L. Chen, Q.H. Chen, S.H. Chen, S.Z. Chen, T.L. Chen, Y. Cheng, N. Cheng, Y.D. Cui, M.Y. Cui, S.W. Cui, X.H. Cui, Y.D. Dai, B.Z. Dai, H.L. Dai, Z.G. Danzengluobu della Volpe, D. Dong, X.Q. Duan, K.K. Fan, J.H. Fan, Y.Z. Fang, J. Fang, K. Feng, C.F. Feng, L. Feng, S.H. Feng, X.T. Feng, Y.L. Gabici, S. Gao, B. Gao, C.D. Gao, L.Q. Gao, Q. Gao, W. Gao, W.K. Ge, M.M. Geng, L.S. Giacinti, G. Gong, G.H. Gou, Q.B. Gu, M.H. Guo, F.L. Guo, X.L. Guo, Y.Q. Guo, Y.Y. Han, Y.A. He, H.H. He, H.N. He, J.Y. He, X.B. He, Y. Heller, M. Hor, Y.K. Hou, B.W. Hou, C. Hou, X. Hu, H.B. Hu, Q. Hu, S.C. Huang, D.H. Huang, T.Q. Huang, W.J. Huang, X.T. Huang, X.Y. Huang, Y. Huang, Z.C. Ji, X.L. Jia, H.Y. Jia, K. Jiang, K. Jiang, X.W. Jiang, Z.J. Jin, M. Kang, M.M. Ke, T. Kuleshov, D. Kurinov, K. Li, B.B. Li, Cheng Li, Cong Li, D. Li, F. Li, H.B. Li, H.C. Li, H.Y. Li, J. Li, Jian Li, Jie Li, K. Li, W.L. Li, W.L. Li, X.R. Li, Xin Li, Y.Z. Li, Zhe Li, Zhuo Liang, E.W. Liang, Y.F. Lin, S.J. Liu, B. Liu, C. Liu, D. Liu, H. Liu, H.D. Liu, J. Liu, J.L. Liu, J.Y. Liu, M.Y. Liu, R.Y. Liu, S.M. Liu, W. Liu, Y. Liu, Y.N. Lu, R. Luo, Q. Lv, H.K. Ma, B.Q. Ma, L.L. Ma, X.H. Mao, J.R. Min, Z. Mitthumsiri, W. Mu, H.J. Nan, Y.C. Neronov, A. Ou, Z.W. Pang, B.Y. Pattarakijwanich, P. Pei, Z.Y. Qi, M.Y. Qi, Y.Q. Qiao, B.Q. Qin, J.J. Ruffolo, D. Sáiz, A. Semikoz, D. Shao, C.Y. Shao, L. Shchegolev, O. Sheng, X.D. Shu, F.W. Song, H.C. Stenkin, Yu.V. Stepanov, V. Su, Y. Sun, Q.N. Sun, X.N. Sun, Z.B. Tam, P.H.T. Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Experimental Physics Division Computing Center Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center Sichuan Chengdu China Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place Dublin 2 Ireland Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics P.O. Box 103980 Heidelberg69029 Germany State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China School of Physical Science and Technology School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Sichuan Chengdu610031 China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China Hebei Normal University Hebei Shijiazhuang050024 China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai200030 China Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays Tibet University Ministry of Education Tibet Lhasa850000 China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai519000 China School of Physics Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Guangzhou510275 China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai519000 China School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Yunnan

The observation of ultra-high energy (UHE, E>100 TeV) gamma-ray sources plays a crucial role in identifying Galactic PeV accelerators, also known as PeVatrons. The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) is a large hybrid extensive air shower array, constructed at Haizi Mountain, 4410 m a.s.l., in China. With its wide field of view and high sensitivity, LHAASO is an ideal instrument for the detection and study of PeVatrons within our Galaxy. Since July 2021, the whole LHAASO detector array has been completed and operated in good states. Through an all-sky survey, we have observed ultra-high energy gamma-ray emissions in 43 regions associated with pulsars, supernova remnants (SNR), young star clusters, and other celestial objects. In this proceeding, we will present the results obtained from representative gamma-ray sources and discuss our observations of diffuse gamma-ray emissions along the Galactic plane. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Supernovae

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The Correlation Mechanism that Micro-Structure Parameters of ZnO Varistor to the Macroscopic Electrical Characteristics

The Correlation Mechanism that Micro-Structure Parameters of...

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International Conference on Electrical Materials and Power Equipment (ICEMPE)

作者： Pengfei Meng Jingke Guo Long Zhao Wenhao Lu Zheng Liu Shan Li Kai Zhou Jun Hu College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China State Grid Linyi power supply company STATE GRID Corporatio of China Linyi China High Voltage Technology Department Extra High Voltage Power Transmission Company of CSG Guangzhou China State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiatio Simulation and Effect Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment Tsinghua University Beijing China

As the core part of metal oxide arresters, ZnO varistor plays an important part in suppressing the overvoltage of power systems. With the development of UHV technology, the residual voltage and energy capacity of ZnO varistors have put forward higher requirements. The research is carried out from the perspective of material calculation, studied the correlation mechanism between micro-structure parameters and various macroscopic electrical characteristics of ZnO varistor based on Voronoi network. And the microstructure parameters such as grain size and size inhomogeneity were calculated and studied. The study simplified the optimization problem with multiple variates and objectives, into the one with two categories of variates and two categories of objectives. And then proposed specific strategies. The research provides important theoretical basis for improving the performance of ZnO varistors, and witch is of great significance for the design and manufacture of high-performance lightning arresters.

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Signal Detection and Signal Source Integrated System Design

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1739卷

作者： Wanchang Lai Hengxu Ma Guangxi Wang Hongjian Lin Jinchu Huang College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu Sichuan 610059 China

A signal detection and nuclear signal generator is designed with a 7 and a half high-precision measurement module, high-precision reference source, and digital potentiometer, which integrates the measurement of three signals of bipolar high voltage, micro/high current, and large resistance. And precision adjustable voltage source and current source of microvolt level and picoamp level. Experimental tests show that the system can accurately measure a variety of IVR signals, while providing a stable and precise voltage source and current source, and is easy to operate and easy to carry.

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Development of a nuclear Energy Spectrum Signal Generator

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1739卷

作者： Juan Zhai Jiehao Chen Hongjian Lin Jinge Zhou Jinchu Huang College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059 Sichuan China

A digital nuclear pulse and digital nuclear energy spectrum signal generator was designed using FPGA and digital frequency synthesizer (DDS). It also includes slip signal, triangle wave, square wave, sine wave output. By randomly sampling the amplitude information and time information of the reference spectrum line, the complex algorithm of nuclear signal reproduction is avoided, and the simulation of the nuclear signal random pulse and nuclear energy spectrum (137Cs gamma spectrum) is realized. The signal amplitude is adjustable from 0.1V to 10V, and the frequency is adjustable from 10Hz to 10kHz.

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Thorium Ore Online System Design and Ore Detection Intensity Research

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1739卷

作者： Wanchang Lai Xiaochuan Sun Runqiu Gu Zheng Jiang Xiyu Shi College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu Sichuan 610059 China

According to the radioactive characteristics of thorium ore and for the industrial production needs of thorium deposits in Baiyune, an online detection system for thorium ore concentrator with ten pulse counting was developed to realize real-time detection and ore beneficiation. The influence of the belt speed, ore shape, belt thickness, distance from the detector to the belt and other factors in the detection system on the γ energy exposure rate (intensity) in the incident NaI(Tl) crystal and the crystal detection efficiency are derived theoretically. Finally, it is made about the error evaluation of the online system in industrial production.

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Design and Implementation of a Portable Laser Calibration System for LHAASO-WFCTA 38

Design and Implementation of a Portable Laser Calibration Sy...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Yuan, Guotao Sun, Qinning Jin, Min Xia, Junji Liu, Jing Min, Zhen Zhu, Fengrong Chen, Long Wang, Yang Liu, Yu Zhang, Yong Cao, Zhen Aharonian, F. An, Q. Axikegu Bai, L.X. Bai, Y.X. Bai, L.X. Bai, Y.X. Bao, Y.W. Bastieri, D. Bi, X.J. Bi, Y.J. Cai, H. Cai, J.T. Cao, Zhe Chang, J. Chang, J.F. Chen, B.M. Chen, E.S. Chen, J. Chen, Liang Chen, Liang Chen, Long Chen, M.J. Chen, M.L. Chen, Q.H. Chen, S.H. Chen, S.Z. Chen, T.L. Chen, X.L. Chen, Y. Cheng, N. Cheng, Y.D. Cui, S.W. Cui, X.H. Cui, Y.D. D’Ettorre Piazzoli, B. Dai, B.Z. Dai, H.L. Dai, Z.G. Danzengluobu della Volpe, D. Dong, X.J. Duan, K.K. Fan, J.H. Fan, Y.Z. Fan, Z.X. Fang, J. Fang, K. Feng, C.F. Feng, L. Feng, S.H. Feng, Y.L. Gao, B. Gao, C.D. Gao, L.Q. Gao, Q. Gao, W. Ge, M.M. Geng, L.S. Gong, G.H. Gou, Q.B. Gu, M.H. Guo, F.L. Guo, J.G. Guo, X.L. Guo, Y.Q. Guo, Y.Y. Han, Y.A. He, H.H. He, H.N. He, J.C. He, S.L. He, X.B. He, Y. Heller, M. Hor, Y.K. Hou, C. Hu, H.B. Hu, S. Hu, S.C. Hu, X.J. Huang, D.H. Huang, Q.L. Huang, W.H. Huang, X.T. Huang, X.Y. Huang, Z.C. Ji, F. Ji, X.L. Jia, H.Y. Jiang, K. Jiang, Z.J. Jin, C. Ke, T. Kuleshov, D. Levochkin, K. Li, B.B. Li, Cheng Li, Cong Li, F. Li, H.B. Li, H.C. Li, H.Y. Li, J. Li, K. Li, W.L. Li, X.R. Li, Xin Li, Xin Li, Y. Li, Y.Z. Li, Zhe Li, Zhuo Liang, E.W. Liang, Y.F. Lin, S.J. Liu, B. Liu, C. Liu, D. Liu, H. Liu, H.D. Liu, J. Liu, J.L. Liu, J.S. Liu, J.Y. Liu, M.Y. Liu, R.Y. Liu, S.M. Liu, W. Liu, Y. Liu, Y.N. Liu, Z.X. Long, W.J. Lu, R. Lv, H.K. Ma, B.Q. Ma, L.L. Ma, X.H. Mao, J.R. Masood, A. Min, Z. Mitthumsiri, W. Montaruli, T. Nan, Y.C. Pang, B.Y. Pattarakijwanich, P. Pei, Z.Y. Qi, M.Y. Qi, Y.Q. Qiao, B.Q. Qin, J.J. Ruffolo, D. Rulev, V. Sáiz, A. Shao, L. Shchegolev, O. Sheng, X.D. Shi, J.Y. Song, H.C. Stenkin, Yu.V. School of Physical Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Sichuan Province Chengdu611756 China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics Experimental Physics Division Computing Center Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center Institute of HighEnergy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Province Chengdu610000 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center Sichuan Chengdu China Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place Dublin 2 Ireland Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics P.O. Box 103980 Heidelberg69029 Germany State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China School of Physical Science and Technology School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Sichuan Chengdu610031 China College of Physics Sichuan University Sichuan Chengdu610065 China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China School of Physics and Technology Wuhan University Hubei Wuhan430072 China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China Hebei Normal University Hebei Shijiazhuang050024 China Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai200030 China Ministry of Education Tibet Lhasa850000 China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Zhuhai519000 China Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università di Napoli ‘Federico II" Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo via Cinthia Napoli80126 Italy School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan Uni

The Wide Field of View Cherenkov Telescope Array (WFCTA), situated in the harsh environment of Daocheng, is established to investigate ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. To enhance the calibration of WFCTA, a portable laser calibration system has been developed, which provides specified energy and direction of the YAG laser. Special designs, including power system, north calibration, and rotating system, have been implemented to ensure the proper functioning of the portable laser calibration system. The aluminum alloy of the entire frame and the vibration damper provide robust anti-impact ability and safety during transportation to different observation locations. A temperature control facility has been employed to meet the operational temperature requirement of electronic equipment. Various sensors have been utilized to monitor environmental parameters, the energy of YAG laser pulses, azimuth and pitch angles, and other parameters in real-time. The auto-control program is communicated wirelessly to avoid any manual interference with the system. The field experiment results have confirmed the reliability of the system and its ability to meet the calibration requirements of WFCTA. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Laser safety

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Flux variations of cosmic ray air showers detected by LHAASO-KM2A during thunderstorms

Flux variations of cosmic ray air showers detected by LHAASO...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Zhou, Xunxiu Yang, Ci Chen, Xuejian Huang, Daihui Cao, Zhen Aharonian, F. An, Q. Axikegu Bai, Y.X. Bao, Y.W. Bastieri, D. Bi, X.J. Bi, Y.J. Cai, J.T. Cao, Q. Cao, W.Y. Cao, Zhe Chang, J. Chang, J.F. Chen, A.M. Chen, E.S. Chen, Liang Chen, Lin Chen, Long Chen, M.J. Chen, M.L. Chen, Q.H. Chen, S.H. Chen, S.Z. Chen, T.L. Chen, Y. Cheng, N. Cheng, Y.D. Cui, M.Y. Cui, S.W. Cui, X.H. Cui, Y.D. Dai, B.Z. Dai, H.L. Dai, Z.G. Danzengluobu della Volpe, D. Dong, X.Q. Duan, K.K. Fan, J.H. Fan, Y.Z. Fang, J. Fang, K. Feng, C.F. Feng, L. Feng, S.H. Feng, X.T. Feng, Y.L. Gabici, S. Gao, B. Gao, C.D. Gao, L.Q. Gao, Q. Gao, W. Gao, W.K. Ge, M.M. Geng, L.S. Giacinti, G. Gong, G.H. Gou, Q.B. Gu, M.H. Guo, F.L. Guo, X.L. Guo, Y.Q. Guo, Y.Y. Han, Y.A. He, H.H. He, H.N. He, J.Y. He, X.B. He, Y. Heller, M. Hor, Y.K. Hou, B.W. Hou, C. Hou, X. Hu, H.B. Hu, Q. Hu, S.C. Huang, D.H. Huang, T.Q. Huang, W.J. Huang, X.T. Huang, X.Y. Huang, Y. Huang, Z.C. Ji, X.L. Jia, H.Y. Jia, K. Jiang, K. Jiang, X.W. Jiang, Z.J. Jin, M. Kang, M.M. Ke, T. Kuleshov, D. Kurinov, K. Li, B.B. Li, Cheng Li, Cong Li, D. Li, F. Li, H.B. Li, H.C. Li, H.Y. Li, J. Li, Jian Li, Jie Li, K. Li, W.L. Li, W.L. Li, X.R. Li, Xin Li, Y.Z. Li, Zhe Li, Zhuo Liang, E.W. Liang, Y.F. Lin, S.J. Liu, B. Liu, C. Liu, D. Liu, H. Liu, H.D. Liu, J. Liu, J.L. Liu, J.Y. Liu, M.Y. Liu, R.Y. Liu, S.M. Liu, W. Liu, Y. Liu, Y.N. Lu, R. Luo, Q. Lv, H.K. Ma, B.Q. Ma, L.L. Ma, X.H. Mao, J.R. Min, Z. Mitthumsiri, W. Mu, H.J. Nan, Y.C. Neronov, A. Ou, Z.W. Pang, B.Y. Pattarakijwanich, P. Pei, Z.Y. Qi, M.Y. Qi, Y.Q. Qiao, B.Q. Qin, J.J. Ruffolo, D. Sáiz, A. Semikoz, D. Shao, C.Y. Shao, L. Shchegolev, O. Sheng, X.D. Shu, F.W. Song, H.C. Stenkin, Yu V. Stepanov, V. Su, Y. Sun, Q.N. Sun, X.N. Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics & Experimental Physics Division & Computing Center Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center Sichuan Chengdu China Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place 2 Dublin Ireland Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics P.O. Box 103980 Heidelberg69029 Germany State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China School of Physical Science and Technology School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Sichuan Chengdu610031 China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China Hebei Normal University Hebei Shijiazhuang050024 China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai200030 China Ministry of Education Tibet Lhasa850000 China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Zhuhai519000 China School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Yunnan Kunming650091 China Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire Faculté de Sciences Université de Genève 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet Geneva1211 Switzerland Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Shandong Qingdao266237 China APC Université Paris Cité CNRS IN2P3 CEA IRFU Observatoire de Par

The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) has three sub-arrays, KM2A, WCDA and WFCTA, located at 4410 m above sea level in Sichuan Province, China. The high-altitude location and the frequent occurrence of thunderstorms make LHAASO suitable to study the effects of atmospheric electric fields (AEFs) on cosmic ray air showers. By analyzing the data of KM2A, the flux variations of cosmic ray air showers during thunderstorms are studied. The total number of shower events that meet the KM2A trigger conditions increases significantly during thunderstorms, with the maximum value exceeding 20%. The variations of trigger rates are found to be strongly dependent on the primary zenith angle. To understand the shower rate changes, the flux variations of ground-level secondary particles are analyzed. We find the average number of particles per shower event increases significantly in strong AEFs. Due to the acceleration by AEFs, the number of secondary particles with energy above the detector threshold increases, and then more shower events satisfy the trigger conditions, resulting in the shower rate increases. At the same time, the secondary particles carrying positive and negative charges will be deflected in opposite direction in AEFs, and this effect increases with the zenith angle. As a result, the flux variations of shower events detected by KM2A are correlated with the primary direction. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Cosmic rays

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