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Concept design of an X-ray probe tube for deep-sea mineral exploration

nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第6期36卷 26-36页

作者： Lang Dong Ming Wang Qing-Xian Zhang Hong-Fei Xiao Biao Jiang Zi-Yang Wang Chun-Hui Dong Yi Gu College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

Promoting the development of deep-sea mineral exploration instrumentation can help alleviate the global resource shortage faced by mankind.X-ray fluorescence(XRF)spectrometry has been widely used in the in situ analysis of deep-sea minerals owing to its fast analytical speed,nondestructive nature,and wide analytical *** study focused on the structural safety and detection efficiency of X-ray fluorescence in situ measurement equipment under high pressure for deep-sea XRF *** study first combined finite element analysis and experiments to design and optimize the structure of an X-ray probe tube required for deep-sea mineral exploration and to determine the Be window thickness to ensure stress ***,the Monte Carlo method was used to analyze and optimize the Be window thickness on the X-ray probe tube to improve the accuracy of the elemental ***,the effect of seawater thickness between the transmitter outer tube and rock wall was also *** results show that based on ocean depth in different detection environments,Be windows with a thickness of 1.5 mm or 2.0 mm can be selected to improve the detection efficiency of the device while ensuring the structural safety of the *** to the design features and detection requirements of the device,in deep-sea exploration of minerals with characteristic peak energies below 10 keV,the transmitter outer tube should be as close as possible to the rock wall inside the *** the characteristic peak energy of the minerals is more than 10 keV,the distance between the transmitter outer tube and rock wall inside the logging should be controlled to approximately 2 *** study provides feasible solutions for future deep-sea mineral resource development and a useful reference for elemental analysis of minerals in the deep-sea or other extreme working environments.

关键词： X-ray probe tube Be window Structure design Detection efficiency

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Method for rapid warning and activity concentration estimates in online waterγ-spectrometry systems

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 1-12页

作者： Meng Wang Yi Gu Mao-Lin Xiong Liang-Quan Ge Qing-Xian Zhang Guo-Qiang Zeng Heng Lu Sheng-Liang Guo College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (Chengdu University of Technology)Chengdu 610059China Chengdu New Ray Technology Co.Ltd Chengdu 610052China

Onlineγ-spectrometry systems for inland waters,most of which extract samples in situ and in real time,are able to produce reliable activity concentration measurements for waterborne radionuclides only when they are distributed relatively uniformly and enter into a steady-state diffusion regime in the measurement *** protect residents’health and ensure the safety of the living environment,better timeliness is required for this measurement *** address this issue,this study established a mathematical model of the online waterγ-spectrometry system so that rapid warning and activity estimates can be obtained for water under non-steady-state(NSS)*** addition,the detection efficiency of the detector for radionuclides during the NSS diffusion process was determined by applying the computational fluid dynamics technique in conjunction with Monte Carlo *** this basis,a method was developed that allowed the online waterγ-spectrometry system to provide rapid warning and activity concentration estimates for radionuclides in *** analysis of the NSS-mode measurements of^(40)K radioactive solutions with different activity concentrations determined the optimum warning threshold and measurement time for producing accurate activity concentration estimates for *** experimental results show that the proposed NSS measurement method is able to give warning and yield accurate activity concentration estimates for radionuclides 55.42 and 69.42 min after the entry of a 10 Bq/L^(40)K radioactive solution into the measurement chamber,*** times are much shorter than the 90 min required by the conventional measurement ***,the NSS measurement method allows the measurement system to give rapid(within approximately 15 min)warning when the activity concentrations of some radionuclides reach their respective limits stipulated in the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality of the WHO,suggesting that this method con

关键词： Water radioactivity monitoring Dynamic detection efficiency Rapid warning Activity estimation

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Research on accurate virtual trajectory length model for TGS transmission measurement

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第3期36卷 178-188页

作者： Rong-Rong Su San-Gang Li Chu-Xiang Zhao Li Yang Ming-Zhe Liu Shan Liao Zhi Zhou Qing-Shan Tan Zhi-Xing Gu Xian-Guo Tuo Yi Cheng College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology1#DongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (Chengdu University of Technology)1#DongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong 643000China

To accurately reconstruct the tomographic gamma scanning(TGS)transmission measurement image,this study optimized the transmission reconstruction equation based on the actual situation of TGS transmission *** the transmission reconstruction equation and the Monte Carlo program Geant4,an innovative virtual trajectory length model was *** model integrated the solving process for the trajectory length and detection efficiency within the same *** mitigate the influence of the angular distribution ofγ-rays emitted by the transmitted source at the detector,the transport processes of numerous particles traversing a virtual nuclear waste barrel with a density of zero were ***,a certain amount of information was captured at each step of particle ***,the model addressed the nonuniform detection efficiency of the detector end face by considering whether the energy deposition of particles in the detector equaled their initial *** models were established to validate the accuracy and reliability of the virtual trajectory length *** 1 was a simplified nuclear waste barrel,whereas Model 2 closely resembled the actual structure of a nuclear waste *** results indicated that the proposed virtual trajectory length model significantly enhanced the precision of the trajectory length determination,substantially increasing the quality of the reconstructed *** example,the reconstructed images of Model 2 using the“point-to-point”and average trajectory models revealed a signalto-noise ratio increase of 375.0%and 112.7%,***,the virtual trajectory length model proposed in this study holds paramount significance for the precise reconstruction of transmission ***,it can provide support for the accurate detection of radioactive activity in nuclear waste barrels.

关键词： Tomographic gamma scanning Transmission measurement reconstruction Geant4 Trajectory length model Nonuniform detection efficiency

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Design of weak current measurement system and research on temperature impact

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 46-56页

作者： Chu-Xiang Zhao San-Gang Li Rong-Rong Su Li Yang Ming-Zhe Liu Qing-Yue Xue Shan Liao Zhi Zhou Qing-Shan Tan Xian-Guo Tuo Yi Cheng College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology1#DongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Technology1#DongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong 643000China

A dedicated weak current measurement system was designed to measure the weak currents generated by the neutron ionization *** system incorporates a second-order low-pass filter circuit and the Kalman filtering algorithm to effectively filter out noise and minimize interference in the measurement *** conducted under normal temperature conditions has demonstrated the system's high precision ***,it was observed that temperature variations can affect the measurement *** were collected across temperatures ranging from -20 to 70℃,and a temperature correction model was established through linear regression fitting to address this *** feasibility of the temperature correction model was confirmed at temperatures of -5 and 40℃,where relative errors remained below 0.1% after applying the temperature *** research indicates that the designed measurement system exhibits excellent temperature adaptability and high precision,making it particularly suitable for measuring weak currents.

关键词： Weak current measurement system Neutron ionization chamber Kalman filter algorithm Temperature correction model

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A nuclide identification method ofγspectrum and model building based on the transformer

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第1期36卷 80-93页

作者： Fei Li Chu-Yang Luo Ying-Zi Wen Sheng Lv Feng Cheng Guo-Qiang Zeng Jian-Feng Jiang Bing-Hai Li College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610000China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610000China Department of Physics Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarcelona 08028Spain Airborne Survey and Remote Sensing Center of Nuclear Industry Shijiazhuang 050000China Hebei Key Laboratory of Airborne Detection and Remote Sensing Technology Shijiazhuang 050000China

In current neural network algorithms for nuclide identification in high-background,poor-resolution detectors,traditional network paradigms including back-propagation networks,convolutional neural networks,recurrent neural networks,etc.,have been limited in research on γ spectrum analysis because of their inherent mathematical *** is difficult to make progress in terms of training data requirements and prediction *** contrast to traditional network paradigms,network models based on the transformer structure have the characteristics of parallel computing,position encoding,and deep stacking,which have enabled good performance in natural language processing tasks in recent ***,in this paper,a transformer-based neural network (TBNN) model is proposed to achieve nuclide identification for the first ***,the Geant4 program was used to generate the basic single-nuclide energy spectrum through Monte Carlo simulations.A multi-nuclide energy spectrum database was established for neural network training using random matrices of γ-ray energy,activity,and *** on the encoder–decoder structure,a network topology based on the transformer was built,transforming the 1024-channel energy spectrum data into a 32×32 energy spectrum sequence as the model *** experiments and adjustments of model parameters,including the learning rate of the TBNN model,number of attention heads,and number of network stacking layers,the overall recognition rate reached 98.7%.Additionally,this database was used for training AI models such as back-propagation networks,convolutional neural networks,residual networks,and long shortterm memory neural networks,with overall recognition rates of 92.8%,95.3%,96.3%,and 96.6%,*** indicates that the TBNN model exhibited better nuclide identification among these AI models,providing an important reference and theoretical basis for the practical application of transformers in the qualitative and quantitativ

关键词： Nuclide identification Neural network Transformer

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Quantitative algorithm for airborne gamma spectrum of large sample based on improved shuffled frog leaping-particle swarm optimization convolutional neural network

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第7期34卷 242-252页

作者： Fei Li Xiao-Fei Huang Yue-Lu Chen Bing-Hai Li Tang Wang Feng Cheng Guo-Qiang Zeng Mu-Hao Zhang College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610000China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610000China Airborne Survey and Remote Sensing Center of Nuclear Industry Shijiazhuang 050000China Hebei Key Laboratory of Airborne Detection and Remote Sensing Technology Shijiazhuang 050000China

In airborne gamma ray spectrum processing,different analysis methods,technical requirements,analysis models,and calculation methods need to be *** meet the engineering practice requirements of airborne gamma-ray measurements and improve computational efficiency,an improved shuffled frog leaping algorithm-particle swarm optimization convolutional neural network(SFLA-PSO CNN)for large-sample quantitative analysis of airborne gamma-ray spectra is proposed *** method was used to train the weight of the neural network,optimize the structure of the network,delete redundant connections,and enable the neural network to acquire the capability of quantitative spectrum *** full-spectrum data processing,this method can perform the functions of energy spectrum peak searching and peak area *** network training,the mean SNR and RMSE of the spectral lines were 31.27 and 2.75,respectively,satisfying the demand for noise *** test the processing ability of the algorithm in large samples of airborne gamma spectra,this study considered the measured data from the Saihangaobi survey area as an example to conduct data spectral *** results show that calculation of the single-peak area takes only 0.13~0.15 ms,and the average relative errors of the peak area in the U,Th,and K spectra are 3.11,9.50,and 6.18%,indicating the high processing efficiency and accuracy of this *** performance of the model can be further improved by optimizing related parameters,but it can already meet the requirements of practical engineering *** study provides a new idea for the full-spectrum processing of airborne gamma rays.

关键词： Large sample Airborne gamma spectrum(AGS) Shuffled frog leaping algorithm(SFLA) Particle swarm optimization(PSO) Convolutional neural network(CNN)

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Hybrid Algorithm of Gradient Boosted Decision Tree and Multiple Linear Regression and Its Application on Decesion Prediction 3

Hybrid Algorithm of Gradient Boosted Decision Tree and Multi...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Electronic Communications, Internet of Things and Big Data, ICEIB 2023

作者： Wen, Yingzi He, Xin Lv, Dawei Li, Fei College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu China College of Management Science Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu China College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350333862

Gradient boosted decision tree is a supervised learning algorithm model constructed by improving tree structure, replacing residual with gradient and using the concept of entropy in informatics. GBDT produces classification bias due to the imbalance of the sample. Therefore, we propose a way to accelerate the output quality of a decision tree by combining linear regression and GBDT and preprocessing sample data through linear regression before training. In the experiment, the new algorithm is applied to the nonlinear classification decision. It is found that the regression coefficient of the apportion of independent directors is 0.034, the regression coefficient is 0.712, the regression coefficient for table size is 0.197, the regression coefficient for the size of the board of directors is -0.197, and the regression coefficient for the share of institutional investors is -0.018. The regression coefficient for the institutional investor share is -0.018. It is found that this algorithm effectively improves classification accuracy and has good practical value. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Multiple linear regression

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Targets capture by distributed active swarms via bio-inspired reinforcement learning

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 206-217页

作者： Kun Xu Yue Li Jun Sun Shuyuan Du Xinpeng Di Yuguang Yang Bo Li Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering Applied Mechanics LaboratoryDepartment of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute Shanghai 201109China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aerospace Intelligent Control Technology Shanghai 201109China College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

Natural swarms arranged from cells to herds are usually decentralized but display intriguing collective intelligence in coordinating individuals across large scales to efficiently achieve their common *** from nature may provide new strategies for controlling collective dynamics of synthetic swarms to accomplish specific ***,we present a bioinspired computational framework that steers distributed active swarms to collectively capture and merge targets via reinforcement *** exploit collective milling structures of natural herds to cage the targets,and adopt a switching control policy inspired by sperms’chiral dynamics to optimize the trajectories of individuals,through which the active swarms can selforganize to enclose single or multiple distant targets in a dynamical,adaptive and scalable *** exists a critical swarm size,beyond which the excessive competition between agents would generate large mechanical forces,leading to capture instability but enabling the transition from short-distance to long-distance merging capture of multiple *** work provides physical insights into distributed active swarms and could offer a multilevel,decentralized strategy toward controlling swarm robotics in wide applications such as bio-medical devices,machine immunity,and target clearance.

关键词： swarm intelligence robotics multi-tasks artificial intelligence bionics

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Study on a Non-collecting Atmospheric Radon Concentration Measurement System 23rd

Study on a Non-collecting Atmospheric Radon Concentration Me...

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23rd Pacific Basin nuclear Conference, PBNC 2022

作者： Tang, Chuanfeng Ge, Liangquan Guo, Shengliang Deng, Zhipeng Li, Jin College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Sichuan Chengdu China College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Technology Sichuan Chengdu China Chengdu Newray Technology Technology Co. Ltd. Sichuan Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819910229

Radon in the atmosphere is an important tracer in meteorology and geology and an important index of environmental radioactivity level evaluation. In this paper, NaI (Tl) scintillator detector was developed to directly measure radon concentration in the atmosphere, and a mathematical model of atmospheric radon gamma measurement was proposed, which solved the technical problem of online real-time monitoring of atmospheric radon concentration. It has important scientific and practical value. In this paper, the characteristic gamma peaks of radon daughters 214Bi (609.31 keV) and 214Pb (351.92 keV) are respectively selected to calculate the radon concentration in the atmosphere. During the measurement period, the variation trend of radon concentration is the same as the theory, which suggests a higher concentration in the morning and a lower in the evening. Finally, the experimental measurement results were compared with the RAD7 radon measuring instrument. The error range of this detection system is 79.73% smaller than that of RAD7 on average, and its detection limit reaches 0.29 Bq/m3 with a 30-min-measurement at room temperature. This paper proves that it is feasible to directly measure the activity concentration of radon in the atmosphere. The atmospheric radon measurement method proposed in this paper can accurately obtain the concentration of atmospheric radon and has the advantages of convenience, large measuring range, low detection limit, and online measurement. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Radioactivity

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Optimization method of Hadamard coding plate inγ‑ray computational ghost imaging

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第1期34卷 146-156页

作者： Zhi Zhou San‑Gang Li Qing‑Shan Tan Li Yang Ming‑Zhe Liu Ming Wang Lei Wang Yi Cheng College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of ScienceHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

Owing to the constraints on the fabrication ofγ-ray coding plates with many pixels,few studies have been carried out onγ-ray computational ghost ***,the development of coding plates with fewer pixels is essential to achieveγ-ray computational ghost *** on the regional similarity between Hadamard subcoding plates,this study presents an optimization method to reduce the number of pixels of Hadamard coding ***,a moving distance matrix was obtained to describe the regional similarity ***,based on the matrix,we used two ant colony optimization arrangement algorithms to maximize the reuse of pixels in the regional similarity area and obtain new compressed coding *** full sampling,these two algorithms improved the pixel utilization of the coding plate,and the compression ratio values were 54.2%and 58.9%,*** addition,three undersampled sequences(the Harr,Russian dolls,and cake-cutting sequences)with different sampling rates were tested and *** different sampling rates,our method reduced the number of pixels of all three sequences,especially for the Russian dolls and cake-cutting ***,our method can reduce the number of pixels,manufacturing cost,and difficulty of the coding plate,which is beneficial for the implementation and application ofγ-ray computational ghost imaging.

关键词： γ-ray computational ghost imaging Regional similarity Hadamard coding plate

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