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YOLOv9-AAG: Distinguishing Birds and Drones in Infrared and Visible Light Scenarios

IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 76609-76619页

作者： Suo, Peichun Zhu, Jincan Zhou, Qingyang Kou, Weili Wang, Xiuyan Suo, Wen Yunnan Medical Health Vocational College Information Center Kunming650033 China Southwest Forestry University College of Big Data and Intelligent Engineering Kunming650224 China The Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grass land Administration on Forestry Ecological Big Data Kunming650224 China Yunnan College of Business Management Kunming650106 China

The ability to distinguish between birds and drones is essential for applications in wildlife preservation, aviation security, and defense operations. Reliable identification not only reduces the risk of bird strikes and monitors potential drone threats but also fosters the development of a secure and intelligent ecological environment. However, achieving high precision in recognition under complex and dynamic conditions remains a significant hurdle. To overcome this, we present an advanced detection framework, YOLOv9-AKConv-AFF-GSConv(YOLOv9-AAG), which substantially improves the accuracy of distinguishing birds from drones, even in varied poses, and enhances generalization capabilities in both infrared and visible light scenarios. The framework incorporates several key advancements. First, the GSConv is embedded into the head of the RepNSCPELAN4-AKConv module, enabling efficient extraction of edge and contour information without introducing additional computational cost. Second, the inclusion of the Attentional Feature Fusion (AFF) mechanism within AKConv amplifies the representation of shape features, particularly under challenging environments and multimodal scenarios. Lastly, the optimized AKConv module is effectively integrated with the original RepNSCPELAN4 model, facilitating more accurate and robust feature extraction for small targets, including birds and drones. Experimental evaluations underscore the effectiveness of the proposed framework. On an optical dataset containing multiple bird and drone targets, YOLOv9-AAG achieved recognition accuracy rates of 78.2%, while on an infrared dataset, it reached 86.1%. These results reflect improvements of 7.4% and 6.0%, respectively, over the baseline YOLOv9 model. Additionally, the F1 scores increased by 5.9% and 2.8%. On the publicly available CUB-200-2011 dataset and a combined dataset of visible and infrared images, the model attained mean Average Precision (mAP) scores of 81.9% and 81.6%, respectively, outper

关键词： Birds

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Transverse Velocity Field Measurement of Solar High-resolution Images Based on Unsupervised Deep Learning

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第3期25卷 236-248页

作者： Zhen-Hong Shang Long Chen Zhen-Ping Qiang Yi Bi Run-Xin Li Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Yunnan Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Kunming University of Science and Technology College of Big Data and Intelligent Engineering Southwest Forestry University Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences

Measuring the transverse velocity field in high-resolution solar images is essential for understanding solar *** paper introduces an innovative unsupervised deep learning optical flow model designed to calculate the transverse velocity field,addressing the challenges of missing optical flow labels and the limited accuracy of velocity field measurements in high-resolution solar *** proposed method converts the transverse velocity field computation problem into an optical flow computation problem,using two forward propagations of features to get rid of the reliance on optical flow ***,it reduces the impact of the“Brightness Consistency”constraint on optical flow accuracy by identifying and handling optical flow *** apply this method to compute the transverse velocity fields of high-resolution solar image sequences from the Hαand TiO bands,observed by the New Vacuum Solar *** experiments with several wellestablished optical flow methods,including those based on supervised deep learning models,show that our approach outperforms the comparison methods according to key evaluation metrics such as Residual Map Mean,Residual Map Variance,Cross Correlation,and Structural Similarity Index ***,since optical flow captures the fundamental motion information in image sequences,the proposed method can be applied to a variety of research areas,including solar image registration,sequence alignment,image super-resolution,magnetic field calibration,and solar activity *** code is available at https://***/jackie-willianm/Transverse-Velocity-Field-Measurement-of-Solar-High-Resolution-Images.

关键词： methods: data analysis Sun: fundamental parameters techniques: image processing

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LDMOS-Based Doherty Power Amplifier Design in 5G Mobile Micro Base Stations 5

LDMOS-Based Doherty Power Amplifier Design in 5G Mobile Micr...

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5th IEEE International Conference on Power, Electronics and Computer Applications, ICPECA 2025

作者： Gao, Mingming Wang, Xinyu Wang, Congying Zhang, Zhongxiang Shan, Shiquan Song, Yonghui College of Electronics and Information Engineering Liaoning Technicial University Liaoning Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency and Big Data for Intelligent Applications Liaoning Huludao China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533694

A Doherty Power Amplifier (DPA) has been designed and optimized specifically for compact mobile base station deployment, operating within a frequency range of 3.3 GHz to 3.6 GHz. The amplifier utilizes the proprietary DS10-2092 LDMOS transistors developed by the company for both the carrier and peak power amplifiers. Physical test results indicate that the DPA achieves saturated output power meeting the specified requirements, with a maximum saturated drain efficiency of 41%. The drain efficiency remains stable between 26.3% and 30.7% over a 6 dB power back-off range, demonstrating its superior performance in high-efficiency and broadband applications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Doherty amplifiers

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A numerical magnitude aware multi-channel hierarchical encoding network for math word problem solving

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第3期37卷 1651-1672页

作者： Xu, Junjie Chen, Yuzhong Xiao, Lingsheng Liao, Hongmiao Zhong, Jiayuan Dong, Chen College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fujian Province Fuzhou350108 China Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Ministry of Education Fuzhou China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fujian Province Fuzhou350108 China

Math word problem (MWP) represents a critical research area within reading comprehension, where accurate comprehension of math problem text is crucial for generating math expressions. However, current approaches still grapple with unresolved challenges in grasping the sensitivity of math problem text and delineating distinct roles across various clause types, and enhancing numerical representation. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a Numerical Magnitude Aware Multi-Channel Hierarchical Encoding Network (NMA-MHEA) for math expression generation. Firstly, NMA-MHEA implements a multi-channel hierarchical context encoding module to learn context representations at three different channels: intra-clause channel, inter-clause channel, and context-question interaction channel. NMA-MHEA constructs hierarchical constituent-dependency graphs for different levels of sentences and employs a Hierarchical Graph Attention Neural Network (HGAT) to learn syntactic and semantic information within these graphs at the intra-clause and inter-clause channels. NMA-MHEA then refines context clauses using question information at the context-question interaction channel. Secondly, NMA-MHEA designs a number encoding module to enhance the relative magnitude information among numerical values and type information of numerical values. Experimental results on two public benchmark datasets demonstrate that NMA-MHEA outperforms other state-of-the-art models. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Semantics

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Fake Face Detection Based on Fusion of Spatial Texture and High-Frequency Noise

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第1期34卷 212-221页

作者： Dengyong Zhang Feifan Qi Jiahao Chen Jiaxin Chen Rongrong Gong Yuehong Tian Lebing Zhang Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing of Big Data on Transportation School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha Social Work College Changkuangao Beijing Technology Co. Ltd. School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Huaihua University

The rapid development of the Internet has led to the widespread dissemination of manipulated facial images, significantly impacting people's daily lives. With the continuous advancement of Deepfake technology, the generated counterfeit facial images have become increasingly challenging to distinguish. There is an urgent need for a more robust and convincing detection method. Current detection methods mainly operate in the spatial domain and transform the spatial domain into other domains for analysis. With the emergence of transformers, some researchers have also combined traditional convolutional networks with transformers for detection. This paper explores the artifacts left by Deepfakes in various domains and, based on this exploration, proposes a detection method that utilizes the steganalysis rich model to extract high-frequency noise to complement spatial features. We have designed two main modules to fully leverage the interaction between these two aspects based on traditional convolutional neural networks. The first is the multi-scale mixed feature attention module, which introduces artifacts from high-frequency noise into spatial textures, thereby enhancing the model's learning of spatial texture features. The second is the multi-scale channel attention module, which reduces the impact of background noise by weighting the features. Our proposed method was experimentally evaluated on mainstream datasets, and a significant amount of experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in detecting Deepfake forged faces, outperforming the majority of existing methods.

关键词： Deepfakes Adaptation models Attention mechanisms Noise Transforms Transformers Feature extraction Internet Convolutional neural networks Faces

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Psychological Counseling with Integration of Knowledge Graph and Multi-Agent Collaboration

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) 2025年 1-13页

作者： Liu, Xi Zheng, Xiaohu Cui, Weiwei College of Information Science and Technology Donghua University Shanghai201620 China Institute of artificial Intelligence Donghua University Shanghai201620 China Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Big Data and Intelligent System Shanghai201620 China Management College Wuzhou University Guangxi Wuzhou543003 China

Applying large language models (LLMs) to psychological counseling can reduce costs and lower barriers to access. However, issues inherent to LLMs, such as output hallucinations, knowledge lags, and response biases, limit the quality of counseling services. To address these challenges, we propose a psychological counseling method that integrates a knowledge graph (KG) and multi-agent collaboration (MAC). First, we design an ontology model and use an improved convolution residual network (CRN) to extract relational triples for constructing a psychological medicine KG. Second, we perform low-rank adaptation (LoRA) on Qwen1.5-7B-chat using the Text2Cypher training set. Finally, we design MAC prompts based on the characteristics of the retrieval-based question-answering (QA) process to facilitate the collaborative implementation of psychological medicine knowledge QA and updates. The experiments showed that the improved CRN achieved an extraction accuracy of 80%. The mean squared error of the general-domain capability of the LLM before and after LoRA was only 0.738, with a Text2Cypher score of 99.8 after LoRA. The results generated after prompting received a 70.44% approval rate compared to other methods. Thus, the proposed method can effectively enhance the intelligence, accuracy, and controllability of psychological counseling. © Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2024.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Improved quantum image weighted average filtering algorithm

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Quantum Information Processing 2025年第5期24卷 1-24页

作者： Yuan, Suzhen Li, Xianli Yinxia, Shu Qing, Xianrong Deng, Jermiah D. College of Opto Electronic Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing Chongqing400065 China School of Computing University of Otago Dunedin Dunedin9054 New Zealand School of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing Chongqing400065 China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Computing Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Big Data Intelligent Security Ministry of Education Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing Chongqing400065 China

Average filtering plays a vital role in image smoothing tasks. However, existing quantum image weighted average filtering methods suffer from high circuit complexity. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved quantum color image weighted average filtering algorithm and its corresponding quantum circuit. First, we improve the quantum circuit to prepare classical color images into a quantum state. Then, an improved quantum divider is developed, and a weighted average filter is constructed using basic quantum image processing modules. Next, to enhance the universality of the filter, a quantum comparator with lower circuit complexity is used to design a noise detection module for distinguishing noise from real signals. Finally, a quantum circuit for color image weighted average filtering is designed, and simulations are conducted on the IBM Quantum Experience (IBM Q) platform to verify the feasibility of our algorithm. The analysis shows that compared with existing methods, this method significantly reduces the circuit complexity and has better filtering performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Efficient Homomorphic Approximation of Max Pooling for Privacy-Preserving Deep Learning 6th

Efficient Homomorphic Approximation of Max Pooling for Pri...

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6th International Conference on Machine Learning for Cyber Security, ML4CS 2024

作者： Zhang, Peng Qiu, Dongyan Duan, Ao Liu, Hongwei The Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen University Guangdong Shenzhen518060 China College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology University Guangdong Shenzhen518118 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819645657

Privacy-Preserving Deep Learning (PPDL) using Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) addresses potential data privacy exposure risks associated with deploying deep learning models in untrusted cloud environments. FHE-based PPDL enables users to encrypt their data locally, allowing cloud service providers to perform computations directly on the encrypted data without ever accessing it. However, FHE faces challenges in efficiently handling nonlinear computations, which are essential to deep learning frameworks, particularly in implementing activation functions and max pooling layers. To address this challenge, we improve the homomorphic max pooling approximation scheme HMaxPool, and propose an efficient homomorphic max pooling algorithm, denoted as HMaxPool+. Specifically, we first redefine the approximation of the maximum function, and then design sub-algorithm to address the potential output expansion issue. The experimental results validate that both the homomorphic max pooling algorithm itself and the corresponding homomorphic SqueezeNet neural network demonstrate enhancements in computational efficiency and accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Multi-Scale Feature Fusion and Advanced Representation Learning for Multi Label Image Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 5285-5306页

作者： Naikang Zhong Xiao Lin Wen Du Jin Shi Institute of Artificial Intelligence on Education Research College of InformationMechanical and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234China Lab for Educational Big Data and Policymaking Ministry of EducationShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234China Shanghai Intelligent Education Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234China Shanghai Online Education Research Base for Primary and Secondary Schools Shanghai200234China DS Information Technology Co. Ltd.Shanghai200032China Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macao university of Science and TechnologyMacao999078China

Multi-label image classification is a challenging task due to the diverse sizes and complex backgrounds of objects in *** class-specific precise representations at different scales is a key aspect of feature ***,existing methods often rely on the single-scale deep feature,neglecting shallow and deeper layer features,which poses challenges when predicting objects of varying scales within the same *** some studies have explored multi-scale features,they rarely address the flow of information between scales or efficiently obtain class-specific precise representations for features at different *** address these issues,we propose a two-stage,three-branch Transformer-based *** first stage incorporates multi-scale image feature extraction and hierarchical scale *** design enables the model to consider objects at various scales while enhancing the flow of information across different feature scales,improving the model’s generalization to diverse object *** second stage includes a global feature enhancement module and a region selection *** global feature enhancement module strengthens interconnections between different image regions,mitigating the issue of incomplete represen-tations,while the region selection module models the cross-modal relationships between image features and ***,these components enable the efficient acquisition of class-specific precise feature *** experiments on public datasets,including COCO2014,VOC2007,and VOC2012,demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed *** approach achieves consistent performance gains of 0.3%,0.4%,and 0.2%over state-of-the-art methods on the three datasets,*** results validate the reliability and superiority of our approach for multi-label image classification.

关键词： Image classification multi-label multi scale attention mechanisms feature fusion

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Network intrusion detection based on feature fusion of attack dimension

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Journal of Supercomputing 2025年第6期81卷 1-33页

作者： Sun, Xiaolong Gu, Zhengyao Zhang, Hao Gu, Jason Liu, Yanhua Dong, Chen Ye, Junwei College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou350116 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou University Fuzhou350116 China Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Chinese Ministry of Education Fuzhou350116 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dalhousie University HalifaxNSB3J 1Z1 Canada

Network traffic anomaly detection involves the rapid identification of intrusions within a network through the detection, analysis, and classification of network traffic data. The variety of cyberattacks encompasses diverse attack principles. Employing an indiscriminate feature selection strategy may lead to the neglect of key features highly correlated with specific attack types. This oversight could diminish the recognition rate for that category, thereby impacting the overall performance of the detection model. To address this issue, this paper proposes a network traffic anomaly detection model based on the fusion of attack-dimensional features. Firstly, construct binary classification datasets independently for each attack class and perform individual feature selection to extract positively correlated features for each class. The features are then fused by employing a combination methods. Subsequently, based on the fused sub-datasets, base classifiers are trained. Finally, an ensemble learning approach is introduced to integrate the predictions of individual classifiers, enhancing the robustness of the model. The proposed approach, validated on NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15 benchmark datasets, outperforms the latest methods in the field by achieving a 2% and 7% increase in precision on weighted averages. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Feature Selection

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