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arXiv 2023年

作者： Khan, Asifullah Rauf, Zunaira Khan, Abdul Rehman Rathore, Saima Khan, Saddam Hussain Shah, Sahar Farooq, Umair Asif, Hifsa Asif, Aqsa Zahoora, Umme Khalil, Rafi Ullah Qamar, Suleman Asif, Umme Hani Khan, Faiza Babar Majid, Abdul Gwak, Jeonghwan Pattern Recognition Lab Department of Computer & Information Sciences Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences Nilore Islamabad45650 Pakistan Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences Nilore Islamabad45650 Pakistan Center for Mathematical Sciences Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences Nilore Islamabad45650 Pakistan Avid Radio pharmaceuticals PhiladelphiaPA United States Eli Lilly and Company IndianapolisIN United States Swat Pakistan Air University E-9 Islamabad44230 Pakistan Digital Image Processing Lab Department of Computer Science Islamia College Peshawar Pakistan Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences Nilore Islamabad45650 Pakistan Department of Software Korea National University of Transportation Chungju27469 Korea Republic of

Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in various healthcare applications, enabling accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease monitoring. In recent years, Vision Transformers (ViTs) have emerged as a promising technique for addressing the challenges in medical image segmentation. In medical images, structures are usually highly interconnected and globally distributed. ViTs utilize their multi-scale attention mechanism to model the long-range relationships in the images. However, they do lack image-related inductive bias and translational invariance, potentially impacting their performance. Recently, researchers have come up with various ViT-based approaches that incorporate CNNs in their architectures, known as Hybrid Vision Transformers (HVTs) to capture local correlation in addition to the globa l information in the images. This survey paper provides a detailed review of the recent advancements in ViTs and HVTs for medical image segmentation. Along with the categorization of ViT and HVT-based medical image segmentation approaches we also present a detailed overview of their real-time applications in several medical image modalities. This survey may serve as a valuable resource for researchers, healthcare practitioners, and students in understanding the state-of-the-art approaches for ViT-based medical image segmentation. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Diagnosis

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Self-adapting RF Stealth Signal Design Method in RATR

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2021年第6期38卷 1020-1027页

作者： XIAO Yongsheng HUANG Lizhen HE Fengshou ZHOU Jianjiang Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063P.R.China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106P.R.China Leihua Electronic Technology Research Institute Aviation Industry Corporation of ChinaLtd.Wuxi 214063P.R.China

Combining the mutual information theory and the sequential hypothesis testing(SHT)method,a selfadapting radio frequency(RF)stealth signal design method is proposed. The channel information is gained through the radar echo and feeds back to the radar system,and then the radar system adaptively designs the transmission waveform. So the close-loop system is formed. The correlations between these transmission waveforms are decreased because of the adaptive change of these transmission waveforms,and the number of illuminations is reduced for adopting the SHT,which lowers the transmission power of the radar system. The radar system using the new method possesses the RF stealth performance. Aiming at the application of radar automatic target recognition(RATR),experimental simulations show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

关键词： radio frequency stealth sequential hypothesis testing mutual information close-loop system

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High-Resolution Natural image Matting by Refining Low-resolution Alpha Mattes

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IEEE Transactions on image processing 2025年 34卷 3323-3335页

作者： Ye, Xianmin Liang, Yihui Tan, Mian Feng, Fujian Wang, Lin Huang, Han Guizhou Minzu University College of Data Science and Information Engineering Guiyang 550025 China Guizhou Minzu University Guizhou Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System Guiyang 550025 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science Zhongshan Institute Zhongshan 528400 China South China University of Technology School of Software Engineering Guangzhou 510006 China Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Robot (SCUT) MOE of China Guangzhou 510006 China Guangdong Engineering Center for Large Model and GenAI Technology Guangzhou 510006 China Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Changchun 130012 China

High-resolution natural image matting plays an important role in image editing, film-making and remote sensing due to its ability of accurately extract the foreground from a natural background. However, due to the complexity brought about by the proliferation of resolution, the existing image matting methods cannot obtain high-quality alpha mattes on high-resolution images in reasonable time. To overcome this challenge, we introduce a high-resolution image matting framework based on alpha matte refinement from low-resolution to high-resolution (HRIMF-AMR). The proposed framework transforms the complex high-resolution image matting problem into low-resolution image matting problem and high-resolution alpha matte refinement problem. While the first problem is solved by adopting an existing image matting method, the latter is addressed by applying the Detail Difference Feature Extractor (DDFE) designed as a part of our work. The DDFE extracts detail difference features from high-resolution images by measuring the image feature difference between high-resolution images and low-resolution images. The low-resolution alpha matte is refined according to the extracted detail difference feature, providing the high-resolution alpha matte. In addition, the Matte Detail Resolution Difference (MDRD) loss is introduced to train the DDFE, which imposes an additional constraint on the extraction of detail difference features with mattes. Experimental results show that integrating HRIMF-AMR significantly enhances the performance of existing matting methods on high-resolution images of Transparent-460 and Alphamatting. © 1992-2012 IEEE.

关键词： alpha matte detail detail difference feature High-resolution image matting natural image matting

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A Features Decoupling Method for Multiple Manipulations Identification in image Operation Chains

A Features Decoupling Method for Multiple Manipulations Iden...

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal processing

作者： Jiaxin Chen Xin Liao Wei Wang Zheng Qin College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University China State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences China National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Recently, many forensic techniques have been developed to detect the use of a certain processing operation. When utilizing several manipulations to alter an image, artifacts left by manipulations that have been applied later can potentially disguise traces left by manipulations that were applied earlier. Therefore, the detection of manipulations become difficult. In this paper, we focus on identifying the manipulations in an image operation chain composed of multiple manipulations in a certain order. To address this issue, we analyze the relationship between manipulations identification and blind signal separation. Then, we propose a features decoupling method based on blind signal separation, which decouples the coupled features due to the superimposed processing artifacts and exploits the decoupled features to identify multiple operations. The experiments carried out on two image operation chains confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Location awareness Forensics Conferences Detectors Signal processing Feature extraction Blind source separation

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Prediction of Depression Severity Based on Transformer Encoder and CNN Model

Prediction of Depression Severity Based on Transformer Encod...

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International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language processing

作者： Jiahao Lu Bin Liu Zheng Lian Cong Cai Jianhua Tao Ziping Zhao College of Computer and Information Engineering Tianjin Normal University Tianjin China National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation CAS Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350397970

Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders and can lead to suicide in extreme cases. It is crucial to develop and design an automatic depression detection(ADD) model that is objective, effective, and robust. Many works have been done to develop automatic depression detection systems using speech data due to its easy accessibility and privacy. Although most current methods use RNN, it is difficult to capture the long-term dependence of depressed audio due to the gradient explosion/vanish. In this paper, a novel model combining Transformer Encoder and CNN is proposed to address this problem. Experiments on the DAIC-WOZ dataset show that the performance of the algorithm has improved considerably, with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 4.48 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 5.37.

关键词： Deep learning Data privacy Mental health Predictive models Depression Transformers Prediction algorithms

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Terahertz compressive imaging: understanding and improvement by a better strategy for data selection

Terahertz compressive imaging: understanding and improvement...

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作者： Xing, Chungui Qi, Feng Liu, Zhaoyang Wang, Yelong Guo, Shuxu State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and Engineering Jilin University Changchun China Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Processing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Key Lab of Image Understanding and Computer Vision Shenyang China

Compressive sensing (CS) is a novel sampling modality, which indicates the signals can be sampled at a rate much below the Nyquist sampling rate. CS has increasing interest recently due to high demand of rapid, efficient, and in-expensive signal processing applications in the μmWave and mmWave frequencies, such as communication and imaging. There have been a lot of theoretical studies on this topic, but there is a lack of systematic experimental analysis of the implementation method itself. In this paper, we have investigated the influencing factors of terahertz compressive sensing based on experimental results, including illumination and the size of the pixel. Besides, to differentiate from current approaches, which generally make full use of the data, we propose to sort the data first and select a part of them based on amplitude, which might deliver a better image by prompting the mathematical calculations compulsively. We believe that such considerations given above would help to make a better system design and improve the performance of compressive imaging, and these results will also be helpful in the application of terahertz communication. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

关键词： Compressed sensing

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AMCF-Net: A Novel Adaptive Multi-Channel Fusion Network for computer-Aided Diagnosis of Lung Nodules in Chest Computed Tomography

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IET Communications 2025年第1期19卷

作者： Nan Wang Yu Gu Lidong Yang Baohua Zhang Jing Wang Xiaoqi Lu Jianjun Li Dahua Yu Ying Zhao Xin Liu Siyuan Tang Qun He Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing School of Digital and Intelligent Industry Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China College of Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot China School of Computer Science and Technology Baotou Medical College Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China

Malignant lung nodules can significantly affect patients' normal lives and, in severe cases, threaten their survival. Owing to the heterogeneity of computed tomography scans and the varying sizes of nodules, physicians often face challenges in diagnosing this condition. Therefore, a novel adaptive multi-channel fusion network (AMCF-Net) is proposed for computer-aided diagnosis of lung nodules. First, a Multi-Channel Fusion Model module is designed, which divides the channels into two parts in specific proportions, effectively extracting multi-scale channel information while reducing network parameters. After the feature maps output at each layer of the AMCF-Net, a novel adaptive depth-wise separable convolution with a squeeze-and-excitation module is designed to adaptively integrate the feature maps of various stages of the AMCF-Net, ensuring that the key lesions of lung nodules are not lost during classification. Finally, a hybrid loss scheme based on an adaptive mixing ratio is proposed to solve the problem of an imbalanced number of positive and negative nodule samples in the dataset. The model achieved the following test results: an accuracy of 90.22%, a specificity of 98.19%, an F1-score of 86.57%, a sensitivity of 86.49%, and a G-mean of 87.72%. Compared with other advanced networks, AMCF-net delivers high-precision lung nodule classification with minimal inference cost. Related codes have been released at: https://***/GuYuIMUST/AMCF-net .

关键词： computer networks convolution health care image processing neural nets

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NiuEM: A Nested-iterative Unsupervised Learning Model for Single-particle Cryo-EM image processing

NiuEM: A Nested-iterative Unsupervised Learning Model for Si...

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2020 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2020

作者： Hu, Rui Cai, Jiaming Zheng, Wangjie Yang, Yang Shen, Hong-Bin Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Lab. of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai200240 China Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Shanghai200240 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728162157

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has become a mainstream technology for solving spatial structures of biomacromolecules, while the processing of cryo-EM images is a very challenging task. One of the great challenges is the high noise in the images. A common method is to cluster the images with close projecting angles to get mean images, which are used for 3D reconstruction. However, due to the extremely low signal-to-noise-ratio, common clustering methods often fail to obtain high-quality mean images, leading to poorly reconstructed structures. In this study, we present a new unsupervised learning framework, called NiuEM, to discriminate images captured from different angles and yield cluster-mean images. NiuEM first generates pseudo-labels and then exploits both contrastive loss and cross-entropy loss for training convolutional layers to learn feature representations. Moreover, the pseudo-labels are updated iteratively to enhance the reliability of labels. We assess the performance of NiuEM on four data sets via both visualized and quantitative experiments. Especially, two kinds of metrics are adopted to measure the performance, regarding the clustering quality and the resolution of reconstructed 3D models, respectively. The experimental results show that NiuEM achieves very competitive clustering accuracy in the comparison with the state-of-the-art image clustering methods. Moreover, the cluster mean images yielded by NiuEM lead to better initial 3D models compared with the mainstream reconstruction tools. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： image reconstruction

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Edge-Aware Graph Attention Network for Ratio of Edge-User Estimation in Mobile Networks

Edge-Aware Graph Attention Network for Ratio of Edge-User Es...

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International Conference on pattern recognition

作者： Jiehui Deng Sheng Wan Xiang Wang Enmei Tu Xiaolin Huang Jie Yang Chen Gong PCA Lab the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SAR China

Estimating the Ratio of Edge-Users (REU) is an important issue in mobile networks, as it helps the subsequent adjustment of loads in different cells. However, existing approaches usually determine the REU manually, which are experience-dependent and labor-intensive, and thus the estimated REU might be imprecise. Considering the inherited graph structure of mobile networks, in this paper, we utilize a graph-based deep learning method for automatic REU estimation, where the practical cells are deemed as nodes and the load switchings among them constitute edges. Concretely, Graph Attention Network (GAT) is employed as the backbone of our method due to its impressive generalizability in dealing with networked data. Nevertheless, conventional GAT cannot make full use of the information in mobile networks, since it only incorporates node features to infer the pairwise importance and conduct graph convolutions, while the edge features that are actually critical in our problem are disregarded. To accommodate this issue, we propose an Edge-Aware Graph Attention Network (EAGAT), which is able to fuse the node features and edge features for REU estimation. Extensive experimental results on two real-world mobile network datasets demonstrate the superiority of our EAGAT approach to several state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Deep learning Fuses Estimation Switches pattern recognition

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Real-time image Smoothing via Iterative Least Squares

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Liu, Wei Zhang, Pingping Huang, Xiaolin Yang, Jie Shen, Chunhua Reid, Ian School of Computer Science University of Adelaide Adelaide5005 Australia School of Information and Communication Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition & Institute of Medical Robotics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition & Institute of Medical Robotics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

Edge-preserving image smoothing is a fundamental procedure for many computer vision and graphic applications. There is a tradeoff between the smoothing quality and the processing speed: the high smoothing quality usually requires a high computational cost which leads to the low processing speed. In this paper, we propose a new global optimization based method, named iterative least squares (ILS), for efficient edge-preserving image smoothing. Our approach can produce high-quality results but at a much lower computational cost. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that the propose method can produce results with little visible artifacts. Moreover, the computation of ILS can be highly parallel, which can be easily accelerated through either multi-thread computing or the GPU hardware. With the acceleration of a GTX 1080 GPU, it is able to process images of 1080p resolution (1920 × 1080) at the rate of 20fps for color images and 47fps for gray images. In addition, the ILS is flexible and can be modified to handle more applications that require different smoothing properties. Experimental results of several applications show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method. The code is available at https://***/wliusjtu/Real-time-image-Smoothing-via-Iterative-Least-Squares Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Textures

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