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21st International Conference on Computational Science, ICCS 2021

作者： Amendola, Maddalena Arcucci, Rossella Mottet, Laetitia Casas, César Quilodrán Fan, Shiwei Pain, Christopher Linden, Paul Guo, Yi-Ke Data Science Institute Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9783030779764

Data Assimilation (DA) is a Bayesian inference that combines the state of a dynamical system with real data collected by instruments at a given time. The goal of DA is to improve the accuracy of the dynamic system making its result as real as possible. One of the most popular technique for DA is the Kalman Filter (KF). When the dynamic system refers to a real world application, the representation of the state of a physical system usually leads to a big data problem. For these problems, KF results computationally too expensive and mandates to use of reduced order modeling techniques. In this paper we proposed a new methodology we called Latent Assimilation (LA). It consists in performing the KF in the latent space obtained by an Autoencoder with non-linear encoder functions and non-linear decoder functions. In the latent space, the dynamic system is represented by a surrogate model built by a Recurrent Neural Network. In particular, an Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network is used to train a function which emulates the dynamic system in the latent space. The data from the dynamic model and the real data coming from the instruments are both processed through the Autoencoder. We apply the methodology to a real test case and we show that the LA has a good performance both in accuracy and in efficiency. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Thermal comparison of mono-facial and bi-facial photovoltaic cells considering the effect of TPT layer absorptivity

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International Journal of Thermofluids 2023年 18卷

作者： Radwan, Ali Mahmoud, Montaser Olabi, Abdul-Ghani Rezk, Ahmed Maghrabie, Hussein M Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre RISE University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 United Arab Emirates Mechanical Power Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura35516 Egypt Department of Engineering School of Mathematics Computer Science and Engineering City University of London London United Kingdom Mechanical Engineering and Design Aston University School of Engineering and Applied Science Birmingham Aston TriangleB4 7ET United Kingdom College of Engineering and Physical Science Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET United Kingdom Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering South Valley University Qena83521 Egypt Chemical Engineering Department Minia University Elminia Egypt

With the widespread utilization of solar photovoltaics (PV), it is becoming increasingly important to understand its performance using various configurations to harvest solar energy at the most suitable efficiency, specifically in hot climates. Therefore, this paper compares mono-facial and bi-facial PV cells under the high-temperature desert climate of Sharjah (United Arab Emirates). The optimally tilted and vertical east-west configurations were compared to evaluate the annual energy production for these scenarios. In addition, new parameter, the effect of the rear side layer absorptivity of the mono-facial PV cell, was investigated. The comparative study considered solar radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, and albedo. The results showed that considering the effect of absorptivity achieves better performance predictions. However, the effect of the absorptivity did not exhibit a significant influence compared to the case with neglected backsheet absorptivity. As such, the PV cell temperature increased by 0.4 °C and 1.4 °C at an albedo of 0.2 and 0.7, considering the actual absorptivity value of 0.2. On the other hand, it is worth mentioning that improper designs result in considerable temperature rises as the absorptivity value increases. Under the investigated conditions and based on the yearlong comparison, the tilted bi-facial performed better than the vertical bi-facial;as the albedo increased from 0.2 to 0.7, the power gain ratio of the tilted bi-facial increased from 7.18% to 20.88% and that of vertical bi-facial from -19.4% to 12.65%. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Solar energy

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Planar bichromatic bottleneck spanning trees 28

Planar bichromatic bottleneck spanning trees

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28th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms, ESA 2020

作者： Abu-Affash, A. Karim Bhore, Sujoy Carmi, Paz Mitchell, Joseph S.B. Software Engineering Department Shamoon College of Engineering Beer-Sheva Israel Department of Computer Science Ben-Gurion University Beer-Sheva Israel Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Stony Brook University NY United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783959771627

Given a set P of n red and blue points in the plane, a planar bichromatic spanning tree of P is a geometric spanning tree of P, such that each edge connects between a red and a blue point, and no two edges intersect. In the bottleneck planar bichromatic spanning tree problem, the goal is to find a planar bichromatic spanning tree T, such that the length of the longest edge in T is minimized. In this paper, we show that this problem is NP-hard for points in general position. Our main contribution is a polynomial-time (82)-approximation algorithm, by showing that any bichromatic spanning tree of bottleneck λ can be converted to a planar bichromatic spanning tree of bottleneck at most 82. © A. Karim Abu-Affash, Sujoy Bhore, Paz Carmi, and Joseph S. B. Mitchell

关键词： Approximation algorithms

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Fault-Tolerant Differential Privacy Routing of Human-Cyber-Physical Fusion Systems for Large Language Models Security

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Lin, Limei Huang, Yanze Wang, Xiaoding Garg, Sahil Moussa, Sherif Alrashoud, Mubarak Fujian Normal University College of Computer and Cyber Security Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Security and Cryptology Fuzhou350117 China Fujian University of Technology School of Computer Science and Mathematics Fuzhou350118 China École de technologie supérieure Electrical Engineering Department MontréalQCH3C 1K3 Canada Canadian University School of Engineering Applied Science and Technology Dubai United Arab Emirates Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Centre for Research Impact and Outcome Punjab Rajpura140401 India Canadian University School of Engineering Applied Science and Technology Dubai United Arab Emirates Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia

The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) systems has introduced complex networks of interconnected devices, computational resources, and web-based communication infrastructure. Privacy protection in IoT data routing is critical to enabling secure deployment of large language models (LLMs) for processing distributed sensor data, user queries, and device-generated content. However, IoT environments inherently involve heterogeneous devices, dynamic network topologies, and resource-constrained nodes, complicating the design of privacy-preserving routing mechanisms that simultaneously ensure reliability across diverse communication layers. To address these challenges, we propose an innovative FtPR (Fault-tolerant Privacy Routing) model based on secure multiparty computing mechanism, which enables secure and efficient data fusion and transmission in IoT networks. FtPR establishes a novel connection between IoT device clusters and data center network architecture AQDNn routers, leveraging the hierarchical architecture of AQDNn to construct completely independent spanning trees (CIST). By exploiting the non-overlapping paths between nodes in distinct CISTs, FtPR achieves fault-tolerant routing while maintaining privacy guarantees. Building on this framework, we introduce a secure multiparty computing mechanism to perturb link weights in the AQDNn. This ensures that link weights across different CISTs adhere to constrained ranges, preventing adversarial inference of routing paths. Each node operates with localized knowledge of its connected link weights, eliminating the need for global network visibility. Consequently, even if malicious actors compromise one or multiple nodes, they cannot reconstruct end-to-end communication paths, thereby preserving route anonymity. Experimental results demonstrate that FtPR improves IoT network performance and security, reducing misclassification rates and marginal release score compared to state-of-the-art methods. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Anonymity

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QCA based design of cost-efficient code converter with temperature stability and energy efficiency analysis

QCA based design of cost-efficient code converter with tempe...

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2020 National Conference on Functional Materials: Emerging Technologies and Applications in Materials Science, NCFM 2020

作者： Bhowmik, Dhrubajyoti Pal, Jayanta Chandra, Munesh Saha, Apu Kumar Kumar, Nitendra Department of Computer Science and Engineering NIT Agartala India Department of Information Technology Tripura University India Department of Mathematics NIT Agartala India Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities IIMT College of Engineering Greater Noida India

Quantum dot Cellular Automata (QCA) are a prominent nanotechnology that is widely employed in digital circuits and systems. In comparison to complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, QCA is a remarkable and challenging alternative with many attractive aspects such as fast execution and low power use. To accomplish all arithmetic processes, code converters are the fundamental unit of information change. Most of the converters, out of many designed for far in QCA, did not considered temperature stability, energy dissipation which may contribute to propagate as a non-operational circuit in various temperatures. This paper proposes a novel concept for a binary-to-gray code and a BCD-to-Excess 3 code converter based on QCA. The promised structure diminishes the number of cells, area utilized to make the design cost effective. The fundamental purpose of this research is to give a temperature stable and energy efficient converter design. The operability of the introduced design is verified with the QCADesigner2.0.3 tool and the temperature stability factor and energy waste are evaluated with QCADesignerE2.0.3. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the National Conference on Functional Materials: Emerging Technologies and Applications in Materials Science.

关键词： Energy dissipation

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Enhancing COVID-19 vaccination and medication distribution routing strategies in rural regions of Morocco: A comparative metaheuristics analysis

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Informatics in Medicine Unlocked 2024年 46卷

作者： Mzili, Toufik Mzili, Ilyass Riffi, Mohammed Essaid Kurdi, Mohamed Ali, Ali Hasan Pamucar, Dragan Abualigah, Laith Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science Chouaib Doukkali University EI Jadida Morocco Department of Business Management Al-imam University College Balad Iraq Department of Computer Science Faculty of Economics and Management Hasan 1st University Settat Morocco Faculty of Informatics Engineering Idlib University Idlib Syrian Arab Republic Institute of Mathematics University of Debrecen Pf. 400 Debrecen H-4002 Hungary College of Engineering Technology National University of Science and Technology Dhi Qar 64001 Iraq Technical Engineering College Al-Ayen University Dhi Qar 64001 Iraq Department of Operations Research and Statistics Faculty of Organizational Sciences University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia College of Engineering Yuan Ze University Taiwan Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman 19328 Jordan MEU Research Unit Middle East University Amman 11831 Jordan Applied science research center Applied science private university Amman 11931 Jordan

The optimization of the vaccination campaign and medication distribution in rural regions of Morocco conducted by the Ministry of Health can be significantly improved by employing metaheuristic algorithms in conjunction with a tour planning system. This research proposes the utilization of six metaheuristic algorithms: genetic algorithm, rat swarm optimization, whale optimization, spotted hyena optimizer, penguins search optimization, and particle swarm optimization, to determine the most efficient routes for equipped trucks carrying vaccines and medications. These algorithms consider critical field constraints, such as operating hours of vaccination centers, vaccine availability, and distances between centers while minimizing the overall journey duration. In addition, a comprehensive tour planning system is integrated into the optimization framework accounting for transportation costs such as fuel expenses and truck maintenance costs. By incorporating these factors, the Ministry of Health aims to achieve the maximum efficiency while minimizing the financial burden associated with the vaccination campaign in rural areas. The integration of metaheuristics and the tour planning system presents a robust and data-driven solution for the Ministry of Health to enhance the effectiveness of their vaccination and medication distribution campaigns in rural regions of Morocco. This approach not only minimizes costs but also improves overall efficiency by ensuring timely access to vaccines and medications for the rural population. The findings of this research contribute to the growing body of knowledge in the field of healthcare logistics optimization and provide valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners involved in similar campaigns worldwide. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Healthcare logistics Medication distribution Metaheuristics Route optimization Tour planning system Transportation Vaccination campaign

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DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION IN engineering EDUCATION: AN EXPLORATION OF EUROPEAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS’ STRATEGIC FRAMEWORKS, RESOURCES, AND INITIATIVES 49

DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION: A...

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SEFI 49th Annual Conference: Blended Learning in engineering Education: Challenging, Enlightening - and Lasting?

作者： Direito, I. Chance, S. Clemmensen, L. Craps, S. Economides, S.B. Isaac, S.R. Jolly, A.M. Truscott, F.R. Wint, N. Centre for Engineering Education University College London London United Kingdom CREATE Technological University Dublin Dublin Ireland Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of Denmark Kgs Lyngby Denmark Faculty of Engineering Technology KU Leuven LESEC | Leuven Engineering and Science Education Centre KU Leuven Leuven Belgium École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Polytech Orléans Orléans France Faculty of Engineering University College London London United Kingdom Faculty of Science and Engineering Swansea University Swansea United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9782873520236

Significant efforts have been made to promote gender equality in higher education (HE) in Europe. Examples include the establishment of the Athena Swan Charter in the UK in 2005 and the 2019 launch of the Irène Curie Fellowship scheme by Eindhoven University of Technology. But which initiatives address broader diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) challenges in HE? And which are specifically focused on engineering education? This exploratory study aims to improve our understanding of the ways in which a set of European HE Institutions engaged in engineering education address DEI at an organisation level, and how this is communicated within the public domain. The analysis of online data provided by a purposive sample of institutions is guided by the following research questions (RQ): 1. How is DEI addressed and defined in institution-wide strategic frameworks? 2. How many institutions describe having an institution-wide DEI organization? 3. What specific policies around DEI are being developed, and what areas are mentioned, defined, and prioritized? 4. What structures and resources noted as part of their DEI activities are specific to engineering faculties and departments? 5. What engineering-specific DEI initiatives exist that are not available in the public domain or are not written in English? Our sample is composed of the host institutions of the authors of the paper, and represent different European countries: Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Portugal, Switzerland, and the UK. The findings of this exploratory study will be used to inform the design of a large-scale survey to identify DEI practices across the SEFI community. © 2021 Proceedings - SEFI 49th Annual Conference: Blended Learning in engineering Education: Challenging, Enlightening - and Lasting?. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： engineering education

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Analyzing adoption factors of data-driven nudging for e-commerce platforms using an integrated decision model

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Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 2025年 71卷

作者： Cao, Yushuo Wang, Wei Zhong Zhang, Yajing Deveci, Muhammet Kadry, Seifedine Wang, Limin School of Economics and Management Anhui Normal University Anhui Wuhu241002 China Department of Industrial Engineering Turkish Naval Academy National Defence University Istanbul Tuzla34942 Turkey Royal School of Mines Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Department of Information Technologies Western Caspian University Baku1001 Azerbaijan Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American University Beirut Lebanon Department of Applied Data Science Noroff University College Kristiansand Norway School of Information Science Guangdong University of Finance and Economics Guangzhou510320 China

The exchange of goods on e-commerce platforms has become an essential channel in contemporary digital landscapes. Utilizing data-driven nudging as a strategic approach to shaping consumer behavior should consider numerous influential factors. Nevertheless, there remains a deficiency in analyzing the factors that facilitate the implementation of data-driven nudging on e-commerce platforms. This work explores the influencing factors of data-driven nudging adoption in e-commerce platforms using a probabilistic linguistic decision framework that incorporates the DEMATEL (decision-making trail and evaluation laboratory)-ISM (interpretive structural modeling) method. To uncover the challenges and opportunities of using data-driven nudging for e-commerce platforms, we identify sixteen influencing factors based on SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) and a literature review. Then, the probabilistic linguistic DEMATEL method is introduced to depict the interaction relationships among these factors. Subsequently, the ISM method is used to build these factors’ contextual linkages and hierarchical structures. Finally, we conducted a questionnaire survey to obtain the data for the analysis framework. The results show that the main strength is "the desirability of handling and utilizing a product (θ4)", the main weakness is "misdirection (θ5)", the primary opportunity is "Making appropriate policies (θ12)", and the main threat is "affecting freedom and autonomy (θ13)". Our research provides a new analytical tool for identifying the factors that utilize data-driven nudging in e-commerce platforms, offering practical implications for both e-commerce platforms and merchants. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Marketplaces

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Secure Distributed Matrix Multiplication with Precomputation

Secure Distributed Matrix Multiplication with Precomputation

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： Ryann Cartor Rafael G. L. D'Oliveira Salim EI Rouayheb Daniel Heinlein David Karpuk Alex Sprintson School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA ECE Department Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ USA Graduate School and Research Arcada University of Applied Sciences Helsinki Finland W/Intelligence WithSecure Corporation Helsinki Finland Department of Mathematics and Systems Analysis Aalto Univeristy Espoo Finland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350382846

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382853

We consider the problem of secure distributed ma-trix multiplication in which a user wishes to compute the product of two matrices with the assistance of honest but curious servers. We show how to construct polynomial schemes for the outer product partitioning which take advantage of the user's ability to precompute, and provide bounds for our technique. We show that precomputation allows for a reduction in the order of the time complexity for the cases where the number of colluding servers is a fixed percentage of the number of servers. Furthermore, with precomputation, any percentage (less than 100%) of collusions can be tolerated, compared to the upper limit of 50% for the case without precomputation.

关键词： Polynomials Servers Time complexity Information theory

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Identification of Building Damages using Satellite Images based on CNN- Recurrent Neural Network Approach

Identification of Building Damages using Satellite Images ba...

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International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES)

作者： Ganesh K. Chavhan Sumeshwar Singh Ankush Sahebrao Doke Daniel Pilli S. Kailasavalli Manasi Vyankatesh Ghamande Department of Geography K. J. Somaiya College of Arts Commerce and Science Kopargaon Ahmednagar Maharashtra India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun Uttarakhand India Department of Geography Mahatma Phule Nutan Maha Vidyalaya Mirajgaon Maharashtra India MBA Department KLBS Koneru Lakshmaiah Educational Foundation Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh India Mathematics PSNA College of Engineering and Technology Dindigul Tamilnadu India Engineering and Applied Science Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology Pune Maharashtra India

Recently, numerous disaster-related studies have integrated Remote-Sensing (RS) technology alongside picture processing and conventional methods. One example is identifying earthquake damage to buildings in orthophotos. Common approaches to creating damage maps from RS pictures include automatic and visual methods. However, because of the need for manual sampling, the visual method is laborious. By extracting the defect features, the automatic technique can identify the damaged structure. Challenges to the widespread use of automatic methods are presented by the great variety of design approaches and the dynamic nature of real-world situations, such as variations in shadow and light. To better train neural networks with less interference from measurement noise, principal component analysis (PCA) is used. After PCA is applied to the DI values, an ensemble of neural networks is utilized to provide predictions about the location and severity of damage. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are two widely used methods in machine learning, and the CRNN approach combines the two (RNNs). As compared to the CNN and RNN models, the proposed technique performs admirably.

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